C++ Primer Plus(第六版) 第十四章课后编程答案

参考链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41882882/article/details/82118401

https://blog.csdn.net/u012175089/article/details/53914092

1.

//头文件，类的声明
#ifndef WINE_H_
#define WINE_H_

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<valarray>

typedef std::valarray<int> ArrayInt;
typedef std::pair<ArrayInt, ArrayInt> PairArray;

class Wine
{
private:
	std::string label;
	PairArray number;
	int yearnumber;
public:
//Wine(){}
	Wine(const char * l, int y, const int yr[], const int bot[]);
	Wine(const char * l, int y);
//~Wine(){}

	void GetBottles();
	void Show();
	const std::string & Label();
	int sum();

};

#endif

#include "Wine.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<string>

using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::string;
using std::endl;

Wine::Wine(const char * l, int y, const int yr[], const int bot[])
{
	label = l;
	yearnumber = y;
	ArrayInt a(y);
	ArrayInt b(y);
	for (int i = 0; i < y; i++)
	{
		a[i] = yr[i];
		b[i] = bot[i];
	}
	number = std::make_pair(a, b);
}

Wine::Wine(const char * l, int y)
{
	label = l;
	yearnumber = y;
	ArrayInt a(y);
	ArrayInt b(y);
	number = std::make_pair(a, b);
}

void Wine::GetBottles()
{
	cout << "Enter" << label << "data for" << yearnumber << "year(s):\n";
	number.first.resize(yearnumber);
	number.second.resize(yearnumber);
	for (int i = 0; i < yearnumber; i++)
	{
		cout << "Enter year:";
		cin >> number.first[i];
		cout << "Enter bottles for that year:";
		cin >> number.second[i];
	}

}

void Wine::Show()
{
	cout << "Wine:" << label << endl;
	cout << " Year Bottles" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < yearnumber; i++)
	{
		cout << " " << number.first[i]
			<< " " << number.second[i] << endl;

	}

}

const std::string & Wine::Label()
{
	return label;
}

int Wine::sum()
{
	int count = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < yearnumber; i++)
		count += number.second[i];
	return count;
}

//书中的测试程序
#include<iostream>
#include"Wine.h"

int main(void)
{
	using std::cout;
	using std::cin;
	using std::endl;

	cout << "Enter name of Wine:";
	char lab[50];
	cin.getline(lab, 50);
	cout << "Enter number of years:";
	int yrs;
	cin >> yrs;

	Wine holding(lab, yrs);
	holding.GetBottles();
	holding.Show();

	const int YRS = 3;
	int y[YRS] = { 1993,1995,1998 };
	int b[YRS] = { 48,60,72 };

	Wine more("Gushing Grape Red", YRS, y, b);
	more.Show();
	cout << "Total bottles for" << more.Label()
		<< ":" << more.sum() << endl;
	cout << "Bye\n";
	return 0;
}

2.

//头文件，类的声明
#ifndef WINE_H_
#define WINE_H_

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<valarray>

typedef std::valarray<int> ArrayInt;
typedef std::pair<ArrayInt, ArrayInt> PairArray;

class Wine:private std::string, private PairArray
{
private:
	int yearnumber;
public:
//Wine(){}
	Wine(const char * l, int y, const int yr[], const int bot[]);
	Wine(const char * l, int y);
//~Wine(){}

	void GetBottles();
	void Show();
	const std::string & Label();
	int sum();

};

#endif

#include "Wine.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<cstdlib>

using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::string;
using std::endl;

Wine::Wine(const char * l, int y, const int yr[], const int bot[])
{
	(string &)(*this) = l;
	yearnumber = y;
	ArrayInt a(y);
	ArrayInt b(y);
	for (int i = 0; i < y; i++)
	{
		a[i] = yr[i];
		b[i] = bot[i];
	}
	(PairArray &)(*this) = std::make_pair(a, b);
}

Wine::Wine(const char * l, int y)
{
	(string &)(*this) = l;
	yearnumber = y;
	
}

void Wine::GetBottles()
{
	cout << "Enter " << (string &)(*this) << " data for " << yearnumber << " year(s):\n";
	PairArray& number = (PairArray&)(*this);
	number.first.resize(yearnumber);
	number.second.resize(yearnumber);
	for (int i = 0; i < yearnumber; i++)
	{
		cout << "Enter year:";
		cin >> number.first[i];
		cout << "Enter bottles for that year:";
		cin >> number.second[i];
	}

}

void Wine::Show()
{
	cout << "Wine:" << (string&)(*this) << endl;
	cout << " Year Bottles" << endl;
	PairArray & number = (PairArray&)(*this);
	for (int i = 0; i < yearnumber; i++)
	{
		cout << " " << number.first[i]
			<< " " << number.second[i] << endl;

	}

}

const std::string & Wine::Label()
{
	return (string &)(*this);
}

int Wine::sum()
{
	return ((PairArray&)(*this)).second.sum();
}

//书中的测试程序
#include<iostream>
#include"Wine.h"

int main(void)
{
	using std::cout;
	using std::cin;
	using std::endl;

	cout << "Enter name of Wine:";
	char lab[50];
	cin.getline(lab, 50);
	cout << "Enter number of years:";
	int yrs;
	cin >> yrs;

	Wine holding(lab, yrs);
	holding.GetBottles();
	holding.Show();

	const int YRS = 3;
	int y[YRS] = { 1993,1995,1998 };
	int b[YRS] = { 48,60,72 };

	Wine more("Gushing Grape Red", YRS, y, b);
	more.Show();
	cout << "Total bottles for" << more.Label()
		<< ":" << more.sum() << endl;
	cout << "Bye\n";
	return 0;
}

3.

// workermi.h  -- working classes with MI
#ifndef WORKERMI_H_
#define WORKERMI_H_

#include <string>

class Worker   // an abstract base class
{
private:
    std::string fullname;
    long id;
protected:
    virtual void Data() const;
    virtual void Get();
public:
    Worker() : fullname("no one"), id(0L) {}
    Worker(const std::string & s, long n)
            : fullname(s), id(n) {}
    virtual ~Worker() = 0; // pure virtual function
    virtual void Set() = 0;
    virtual void Show() const = 0;
};

class Waiter : virtual public Worker
{
private:
    int panache;
protected:
    void Data() const;
    void Get();
public:
    Waiter() : Worker(), panache(0) {}
    Waiter(const std::string & s, long n, int p = 0)
            : Worker(s, n), panache(p) {}
    Waiter(const Worker & wk, int p = 0)
            : Worker(wk), panache(p) {}
    void Set();
    void Show() const;
};

class Singer : virtual public Worker
{
protected:
enum {other, alto, contralto, soprano,
                    bass, baritone, tenor};
    enum {Vtypes = 7};
    void Data() const;
    void Get();
private:
    static char *pv[Vtypes];    // string equivs of voice types
    int voice;
public:
    Singer() : Worker(), voice(other) {}
    Singer(const std::string & s, long n, int v = other)
            : Worker(s, n), voice(v) {}
    Singer(const Worker & wk, int v = other)
            : Worker(wk), voice(v) {}
    void Set();
    void Show() const;
};

// multiple inheritance
class SingingWaiter : public Singer, public Waiter
{
protected:
    void Data() const;
    void Get();
public:
    SingingWaiter()  {}
    SingingWaiter(const std::string & s, long n, int p = 0,
                            int v = other)
            : Worker(s,n), Waiter(s, n, p), Singer(s, n, v) {}
    SingingWaiter(const Worker & wk, int p = 0, int v = other)
            : Worker(wk), Waiter(wk,p), Singer(wk,v) {}
    SingingWaiter(const Waiter & wt, int v = other)
            : Worker(wt),Waiter(wt), Singer(wt,v) {}
    SingingWaiter(const Singer & wt, int p = 0)
            : Worker(wt),Waiter(wt,p), Singer(wt) {}
    void Set();
    void Show() const; 
};

#endif

//另一个头文件，包含了类的声明和实现
#ifndef QUEUETP_H_
#define QUEUETP_H_

template<class T>
class QueueTP
{
private:
	const int Q_size = 10;
	T *data;
	int top;
public:
	QueueTP() { data = new T[Q_size]; top = 0; }
	QueueTP(int q) { data = new T[2 * q]; top = 0; }
	~QueueTP() { delete[] data; }

	bool isempty() { return top == 0; }
	bool isfull() { return top == Q_size; }
	bool Push(T item);
	bool Pop();
	T & front() const;
	T & rear() const;
};

template<class T>
bool QueueTP<T>::Push(T item)
{
	if (isfull())
		return false;

	for (int i = top; i > 0; --i)
		data[i] = data[i - 1];
	data[0] = item;
	++top;
	return true;
}

template<class T>
bool QueueTP<T>::Pop()
{
	if (isempty())
		return false;

	--top;
	return true;
}


template<class T>
T & QueueTP<T>::front() const
{
	return data[top - 1];
}

template<class T>
T & QueueTP<T>::rear() const
{
	return data[0];
}

#endif

// workermi.cpp -- working class methods with MI
#include "workermi.h"
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
using std::endl;
// Worker methods
Worker::~Worker() { }

// protected methods
void Worker::Data() const
{
    cout << "Name: " << fullname << endl;
    cout << "Employee ID: " << id << endl;
}

void Worker::Get()
{
    getline(cin, fullname);
    cout << "Enter worker's ID: ";
    cin >> id;
    while (cin.get() != '\n')
        continue;
}

// Waiter methods
void Waiter::Set()
{
    cout << "Enter waiter's name: ";
    Worker::Get();
    Get();
}

void Waiter::Show() const
{
    cout << "Category: waiter\n";
    Worker::Data();
    Data();
}

// protected methods
void Waiter::Data() const
{
    cout << "Panache rating: " << panache << endl;
}

void Waiter::Get()
{
    cout << "Enter waiter's panache rating: ";
    cin >> panache;
    while (cin.get() != '\n')
        continue;
}

// Singer methods

char * Singer::pv[Singer::Vtypes] = {"other", "alto", "contralto",
            "soprano", "bass", "baritone", "tenor"};

void Singer::Set()
{
    cout << "Enter singer's name: ";
    Worker::Get();
    Get();
}

void Singer::Show() const
{
    cout << "Category: singer\n";
    Worker::Data();
    Data();
}

// protected methods
void Singer::Data() const
{
    cout << "Vocal range: " << pv[voice] << endl;
}

void Singer::Get()
{
    cout << "Enter number for singer's vocal range:\n";
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < Vtypes; i++)
    {
        cout << i << ": " << pv[i] << "   ";
        if ( i % 4 == 3)
            cout << endl;
    }
    if (i % 4 != 0)
        cout << '\n';
    while (cin >>  voice && (voice < 0 || voice >= Vtypes) )
        cout << "Please enter a value >= 0 and < " << Vtypes << endl;
    while (cin.get() != '\n')
        continue;
}

// SingingWaiter methods
void SingingWaiter::Data() const
{
    Singer::Data();
    Waiter::Data();
}

void SingingWaiter::Get()
{
    Waiter::Get();
    Singer::Get();
}

void SingingWaiter::Set()
{
    cout << "Enter singing waiter's name: ";
    Worker::Get();
    Get();
}

void SingingWaiter::Show() const
{
    cout << "Category: singing waiter\n";
    Worker::Data();
    Data();
}

// workmi.cpp -- multiple inheritance
// compile with workermi.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include "queuetp.h"
#include "workermi.h"

const int SIZE = 5;

int main()
{
   using std::cin;
   using std::cout;
   using std::endl;
   using std::strchr;

   QueueTP<Worker *> lolas(SIZE);              //Worker * lolas[SIZE];

    int ct;
    for (ct = 0; ct < SIZE; ct++)
    {
        char choice;
        cout << "Enter the employee category:\n"
            << "w: waiter  s: singer  "
            << "t: singing waiter  q: quit\n";
        cin >> choice;
        while (strchr("wstq", choice) == NULL)
        {
            cout << "Please enter a w, s, t, or q: ";
            cin >> choice;
        }
        if (choice == 'q')
            break;
        switch(choice)
        {
            case 'w':   lolas.Push(new Waiter);
                        break;
            case 's':   lolas.Push(new Singer);
                        break;
            case 't':   lolas.Push(new SingingWaiter);
                        break;
        }
        cin.get();
        lolas.rear()->Set();
    }

    cout << "\nHere is your staff:\n";
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < ct; i++)
    {
        cout << endl;
        lolas.front()->Show();
		lolas.Push(lolas.front());
		lolas.Pop();
    }
	for (i = 0; i < ct; i++)
	{
		delete lolas.front();
		lolas.Pop();
	}
    cout << "Bye.\n";
    // cin.get();
    // cin.get();
    return 0; 
}

4.

//头文件，类的声明
#ifndef PERSON_H_
#define PERSON_H_

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using std::string;

class Person
{
private:
	string firstname;
	string lastname;
protected:
	virtual void Data() const;
	virtual void Get();
public:
	Person() :firstname("null"), lastname("null") {};
	Person(string f, string l) :firstname(f), lastname(l) {};

	virtual ~Person() = 0;
	virtual void Set() = 0;
	virtual void Show() const = 0;
};

class Gunslinger :virtual public Person
{
private:
	double time;    //拔枪时间
	int num;      //刻痕数
protected:
     void Data() const;       //派生类的虚函数virtual可以不写
	 void Get();
public:
	Gunslinger():Person(), time(0.0), num(0){}
	 Gunslinger(string f, string l, double t, int n)
					 :Person(f, l), time(t), num(n) {}
	 Gunslinger(Person & p, double t, int n)
		 :Person(p), time(t), num(n) {};
	 double Drawtime() { return time; }
	 void Set();
	 void Show() const;
};

class PokerPlayer :virtual public Person
{
private:
	int card;     //这里简化了扑克牌，直接用1-52表示
protected:
	void Data() const;
	void Get();
public:
	PokerPlayer() :Person(), card(1) {};
	PokerPlayer(string f, string l, int c) :Person(f, l), card(c) {};
	PokerPlayer(Person &p, int c) :Person(p), card(c) {};
	int Drawcard() {
		return card;
	}
	void Set();
	void Show() const;
};

class BadDude : public Gunslinger, public PokerPlayer
{
protected:
	void Data() const;
	void Get();
public:
	BadDude() {};
	BadDude(string f, string l, double t = 0.0, int n = 0, int c = 1)
		:Person(f, l), Gunslinger(f, l, t, n), PokerPlayer(f, l, c) {};
	BadDude(Person & p, double t , int n , int c )
		:Person(p), Gunslinger(p, t, n), PokerPlayer(p, c) {};
	BadDude(Gunslinger & gs, int c)
		:Person(gs), Gunslinger(gs), PokerPlayer(gs,c) {};
	BadDude(PokerPlayer & pp, double t , int n  )
		:Person(pp), Gunslinger(pp, t, n), PokerPlayer(pp) {};
	double GDraw() {
		return Drawtime();
	}
	int CDraw() {
		return Drawcard();
	}
	void Set();
	void Show() const;
};


#endif

//类的实现
#include"person.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using std::string;
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
using std::endl;

Person::~Person() {}

void Person::Data() const
{
	cout<< "First name:" << firstname << endl;
	cout << "Last name:" << lastname << endl;
}

void Person::Get()
{
	cout << "Enter person's firstname:";
	getline(cin, firstname);
	cout << "Enter person's lastname:";
	getline(cin, lastname);

}

void Gunslinger::Set()
{
	Person::Get();
	Get();
	cout << endl;
}

void Gunslinger::Show() const
{
	cout << "Category:Gunslinger\n";
	Person::Data();
	Data();
}

void Gunslinger::Data() const
{
	cout << "The time:" << time << endl;
	cout << "The number of scotch" << num << endl;
}

void Gunslinger::Get()
{
	cout << "Enter gunslinger's time: ";
	cin >> time;
	cout << "Enter gunslinger's number of scotch: ";
	cin >> num;
	while (cin.get() != '\n')
		continue;
}

void PokerPlayer::Set()
{
	Person::Get();
	Get();
	cout << endl;
}

void PokerPlayer::Show() const
{
	cout << "Gategory: PokerPlayer\n";
	Person::Data();
	Data();
}

void PokerPlayer::Data() const
{
	cout << "The card number: " << card << endl;
}

void PokerPlayer::Get()
{
	cout << "Enter PokerPlayer's card: ";
	cin >> card;
	while (cin.get() != '\n')
		continue;
}

void BadDude::Data() const
{
	Gunslinger::Data();
	PokerPlayer::Data();
}

void BadDude::Set()
{
	Person::Get();
	Get();
	cout << endl;
}

void BadDude::Get()
{
	Gunslinger::Get();
	PokerPlayer::Get();
}

void BadDude::Show() const
{
	Person::Data();
	Data();
}

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include "person.h"

const int SIZE = 5;

int main()
{
	using std::cin;
	using std::cout;
	using std::endl;
	using std::strchr;
   Person * lolas[SIZE];

	int ct;
	for (ct = 0; ct < SIZE; ct++)
	{
		char choice;
		cout << "Enter the employee category:\n"
			<< "g:Gunslinger    p:PokerPlayer "
			<< "b:BadDude  q: quit\n";
		cin >> choice;
		while (strchr("gpbq", choice) == NULL)
		{
			cout << "Please enter a g, p, b, or q: ";
			cin >> choice;
		}
		if (choice == 'q')
			break;
		switch (choice)
		{
		case 'g':   lolas[ct] = new Gunslinger;
			break;
		case 'p':   lolas[ct] = new PokerPlayer;
			break;
		case 'b':   lolas[ct] = new BadDude;
			break;
		}
		cin.get();
		lolas[ct]->Set();
	}

	cout << "\nHere is your staff:\n";
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < ct; i++)
	{
		cout << endl;
		lolas[i]->Show();
	}
	for (i = 0; i < ct; i++)
	{
		delete lolas[i];
	}
	cout << "Bye.\n";
	// cin.get();
	// cin.get();
	return 0;
}

5.

//书中的头文件程序
#ifndef EMP_H_
#define EMP_H_
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using std::string;

class abstr_emp
{
private:
	string fname;
	string lname;
	string job;
public:
	abstr_emp();
	abstr_emp(const string & fn, const string & ln,
		const string & j);
	virtual void ShowAll() const;
	virtual void SetAll();
	friend std::ostream & operator<<(
		std::ostream & os, const abstr_emp & e);
	virtual ~abstr_emp() = 0;
};

class employee : public abstr_emp
{
public:
	employee(const string & fn, const string & ln,
		const string & j);
	virtual void ShowAll() const;
	virtual void SetAll();
};

class manager : virtual public abstr_emp
{
private:
	int inchargeof;
protected:
	int InChargeOf() const { return inchargeof; }
	int & InChargeOf() { return inchargeof; }
public:
	manager();
	manager(const string & fn, const string & ln,
		const string & j, int ico = 0);
	manager(const abstr_emp & e, int ico);
	manager(const manager & m);
	virtual void ShowAll() const;
	virtual void SetAll();
};

class fink : virtual public abstr_emp
{
private:
	string reportsto;
protected:
	const string ReportsTo() const { return reportsto; }
	string & ReportsTo() { return reportsto; }
public:
	fink();
	fink(const string & fn, const string & ln,
		const string & j, const string & rpo);
	fink(const abstr_emp & e, const string & rpo);
	fink(const fink & f);
	virtual void ShowAll() const;
	virtual void SetAll();
};

class highfink : public manager, public fink
{
public:
	highfink();
	highfink(const string & fn, const string & ln,
		const string & j, const string & rpo, int ico);
	highfink(const abstr_emp & e, const string & rpo, int ico);
	highfink(const fink & f, int ico);
	highfink(const manager & m, const string & rpo);
	highfink(const highfink & h);
	virtual void ShowAll() const;
	virtual void SetAll();
};

#endif

//类的实现
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include"emp.h"
using namespace std;

abstr_emp::abstr_emp()
{
	fname = "no name";
	lname = "no name";
	job = "no job";
}

abstr_emp::abstr_emp(const string & fn, const string & ln,
	const string & j)
{
	fname = fn;
	lname = ln;
	job = j;
}

abstr_emp::~abstr_emp() { }

void abstr_emp::ShowAll() const
{
	cout << "First name:" << fname << endl;
	cout << "Last name:" << lname << endl;
	cout << "Job:" << job << endl;
}

void abstr_emp::SetAll()
{
	cout << "Enter the first name:" << endl;
	getline(cin, fname);
	cout << "Enter the last name:" << endl;
	getline(cin, lname);
	cout << "Enter the job:" << endl;
	getline(cin, job);
}

std::ostream & operator<<(
	std::ostream & os, const abstr_emp & e)
{
	os << e.fname << " " << e.lname;
	return os;
}

employee::employee(const string & fn, const string & ln,
	const string & j)
{

}

void employee::ShowAll() const
{
	abstr_emp::ShowAll();
	cout << endl;
}

void employee::SetAll()
{
	abstr_emp::SetAll();
}

manager::manager()
{
	inchargeof = 0;
}

manager::manager(const string & fn, const string & ln,
	const string & j, int ico):abstr_emp(fn,ln,j),inchargeof(ico)
{

}

manager::manager(const abstr_emp & e, int ico):abstr_emp(e),inchargeof(ico)
{

}

manager::manager(const manager & m):abstr_emp(m)
{
	inchargeof = m.inchargeof;
}

void manager::ShowAll() const
{
	abstr_emp::ShowAll();
	cout << "Inchargeof:" << inchargeof << endl;
	cout << endl;
}

void manager::SetAll()
{
	abstr_emp::SetAll();
	cout << "Enter the inchargeof:" << endl;
	cin >> inchargeof;
	while (cin.get() != '\n')
		continue;    //数字和字符混合输入时注意
}

fink::fink()
{
	reportsto = "no name";
}

fink::fink(const string & fn, const string & ln,
	const string & j, const string & rpo):abstr_emp(fn,ln,j),reportsto(rpo)
{

}

fink::fink(const abstr_emp & e, const string & rpo):abstr_emp(e),reportsto(rpo)
{

}

fink::fink(const fink & f):abstr_emp(f)
{

}

void fink::ShowAll() const
{
	abstr_emp::ShowAll();
	cout << "Reportsto:" << reportsto << endl;
	cout << endl;
}

void fink::SetAll()
{
	abstr_emp::SetAll();
	cout << "Enter the reportsto:" << endl;
	getline(cin, reportsto);
}

highfink::highfink()
{

}

highfink::highfink(const string & fn, const string & ln,
	const string & j, const string & rpo, int ico):abstr_emp(fn,ln,j),fink(fn,ln,j,rpo),manager(fn,ln,j,ico)
{

}

highfink::highfink(const abstr_emp & e, const string & rpo, int ico):abstr_emp(e),fink(e,rpo),manager(e,ico)
{

}

highfink::highfink(const fink & f, int ico):abstr_emp(f),fink(f),manager(f,ico)
{

}

highfink::highfink(const manager & m, const string & rpo):abstr_emp(m),fink(m,rpo),manager(m)
{

}

highfink::highfink(const highfink & h):abstr_emp(h),fink(h),manager(h)
{

}

void highfink::ShowAll() const
{
	manager::ShowAll();
	cout << "Reportsto:" << ReportsTo() << endl;
	cout << endl;
}

void highfink::SetAll()
{
	manager::SetAll();
	cout << "Enter the reportsto:" << endl;
	getline(cin, fink::ReportsTo());
}

//书中的测试程序
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "emp.h"

int main(void)
{
	employee em("Trip", "Harris", "Thumper");
	cout << em << endl;
	em.ShowAll();
	manager ma("Amorphia", "Spindragon", "Nuancer", 5);
	cout << ma << endl;
	ma.ShowAll();

	fink fi("Matt", "Oggs", "Oiler", "Juno Barr");
	cout << fi << endl;
	fi.ShowAll();
	highfink hf(ma, "Curly Kew");
	hf.ShowAll();
	cout << "Press a key for next phase:\n";
	cin.get();
	highfink hf2;
	hf2.SetAll();

	cout << "Using an abstr_emp * pointer:\n";
	abstr_emp * tri[4] = { &em, &fi, &hf, &hf2 };
	for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
		tri[i]->ShowAll();

	return 0;
}