如何自定义iOS通讯录

苹果给用户提供了自己的通讯录，但是根据业务的需求，需要自定义通讯录，我们就需要根据业务需求来自定义。
首先我们需要知道苹果的提供的一些foundation、uikit框架，了解其中的一些特性，可以打开手机查看苹果系统提供的原生的通讯录，可以看到：

1.搜索框
2.右侧搜索条
3.联系人分组
4.添加联系人
5.获取联系人头像及联系方式

根据需求，可以总结出自定义通讯录需要做的一些功能，一项大的功能可以差分成一些小的功能，然后一个一个实现，将复杂的问题差分成小问题解决。

1.自定义搜索框
2.获取首字母
3.权限判断
4.排序
5.自定义搜索
6.自定义联系人界面（考虑多值的情况，获取通讯录头像）

简答介绍下排序：

ios项目中会用到对通讯录的联系人或是会员按姓名为关键字排序，因为nsarray并不直接支持对汉字的排序，这就要通过将汉字转换成拼音完成按a~z的排序，这看起来是个头疼的问题，因为牵扯到汉字转为拼音，获取汉字的首字的首字母，如将“王”变成“w”。

函数原理是：我们知道，在objective c语言中，字符串是以unicode进行编码的。在unicode字符集中，汉字的编码范围为4e00 到 9fa5 之间（即从第19968开始的20902个字符是中文简体字符）。我们把这些字符的拼音首字母按照顺序都存放在一个char数组中。当我们查找一个汉字的拼音首字母时，只需把这个汉字的unicode码（即char强制转换为int）减去19968，然后用这个数字作为索引去找char数组中存放的字母即可。
给出项目的源码，注释很清楚。代码如：
ryaddressbook.h

#import <foundation/foundation.h> 
#import "rypersoninfo.h" 
 
typedef void (^addressbookblock) (nsarray *personinfos); 
 
@interface ryaddressbook : nsobject 
 
/** 
 * 将数字转化为字母 0~26 1~25=a~z 26=# 
 */ 
nsstring* spellfromindex(int index); 
 
/** 
 * 获取索引 
 */ 
int index(nsstring *firstspell); 
/** 
 * 获取用户所有通讯录信息 
 * 
 * @return 所有通讯录数据信息数组 
 */ 
+ (void)getpersoninfo:(addressbookblock)addressbookblock; 
 
/** 
 * 根据关键字匹配所有用户信息 
 * 
 * @param keyword 匹配关键字 
 * 
 * @return 匹配到的通讯录数据信息数组 
 */ 
+ (void)searchpersoninfo:(nsstring *)keyword addressbookblock:(addressbookblock)addressbookblock; 
 
/** 
 * 根据姓名进行数组的重排序 
 * 
 * @param personinfos 获取的通讯录数据信息数组 
 */ 
+ (nsarray *)sortpersoninfos:(nsarray *)personinfos; 
 
@end 

ryaddressbook.m

#import "ryaddressbook.h" 
 
@interface ryaddressbook () 
 
@property (nonatomic, copy) addressbookblock addressbookblock; 
 
@end 
 
@implementation ryaddressbook 
 
nsstring* spellfromindex(int index) 
{ 
 if (index == 26) 
 return @"#"; 
 else 
 return [nsstring stringwithformat:@"%c", [@"a" characteratindex:0]+index]; 
} 
 
int index(nsstring *firstspell) 
{ 
 int i = [firstspell characteratindex:0] - [@"a" characteratindex:0]; 
 
 if ([firstspell isequaltostring:@"#"] || i < 0 || i > 26) { 
 return 26; 
 } 
 
 return [firstspell characteratindex:0] - [@"a" characteratindex:0]; 
} 
 
/** 
 * 获取用户所有通讯录信息 
 */ 
+ (void)getpersoninfo:(addressbookblock)addressbookblock 
{ 
 [[self alloc] getpersoninfo:addressbookblock]; 
} 
 
/** 
 * 根据关键字匹配所有用户信息 
 */ 
+ (void)searchpersoninfo:(nsstring *)keyword addressbookblock:(addressbookblock)addressbookblock 
{ 
 [[self alloc] searchpersoninfo:keyword addressbookblock:addressbookblock]; 
} 
 
/** 
 * 根据姓名进行数组的重排序 
 */ 
+ (nsarray *)sortpersoninfos:(nsarray *)personinfos 
{ 
 return [[self alloc] sortpersoninfos:personinfos]; 
} 
 
- (void)getpersoninfo:(addressbookblock)addressbookblock 
{ 
 self.addressbookblock = addressbookblock; 
 [self searchpersoninfo:@""]; 
} 
 
- (void)searchpersoninfo:(nsstring *)keyword addressbookblock:(addressbookblock)addressbookblock 
{ 
 self.addressbookblock = addressbookblock; 
 [self searchpersoninfo:keyword]; 
} 
 
- (nsarray *)sortpersoninfos:(nsarray *)personinfos 
{ 
 if (![personinfos iskindofclass:[nsarray class]]) { 
 return nil; 
 } 
 
 nsmutablearray *arr = [nsmutablearray array]; 
 
 for (int i = 0; i < 27; i++) { 
 [arr addobject:[nsmutablearray array]]; 
 } 
 
 for (nsobject *obj in personinfos) { 
  
 if (![obj iskindofclass:[rypersoninfo class]]) { 
  continue; 
 } 
  
 rypersoninfo *personinfo = (rypersoninfo *)obj; 
  
 nsmutablearray *subarr = [arr objectatindex:index(personinfo.firstspell)]; 
 [subarr addobject:personinfo]; 
 } 
 
 return arr; 
} 
 
/** 
 * 根据关键字查询通讯录信息 
 */ 
- (void)searchpersoninfo:(nsstring *)keyword 
{ 
 cferrorref error = null; 
 abaddressbookref addressbook = abaddressbookcreatewithoptions(null, &error); 
 
 // 开始查询通讯录 
 abaddressbookrequestaccesswithcompletion(addressbook, ^(bool granted, cferrorref error) { 
  
 if (granted) { 
  [self filtercontentforsearchtext:keyword]; 
 } 
 }); 
} 
 
/** 
 * 开始匹配通讯录信息 
 */ 
- (void)filtercontentforsearchtext:(nsstring*)searchtext 
{ 
 //如果没有授权则退出 
 if (abaddressbookgetauthorizationstatus() != kabauthorizationstatusauthorized) { 
 return; 
 } 
 
 nsarray *blockarray = [nsarray array]; 
 
 cferrorref error = null; 
 abaddressbookref addressbook = abaddressbookcreatewithoptions(null, &error); 
 
 if([searchtext length]==0) 
 { 
 //查询所有 
 blockarray = (__bridge nsarray *)abaddressbookcopyarrayofallpeople(addressbook); 
  
 } else { 
  
 //条件查询 
 cfstringref cfsearchtext = (cfstringref)cfbridgingretain(searchtext); 
 blockarray = cfbridgingrelease(abaddressbookcopypeoplewithname(addressbook, cfsearchtext)); 
  
 cfrelease(cfsearchtext); 
 } 
 
 // 类型转换 
 blockarray = transformelements(blockarray); 
 
 // 返回blockarray 
 self.addressbookblock(blockarray); 
} 
 
/** 
 * 将所有元素转化为jxpersoninfo类型数组 
 */ 
nsarray* transformelements(nsarray* arr) 
{ 
 nsmutablearray *rtnarray = [nsmutablearray array]; 
 for (int i = 0; i < arr.count; i++) { 
 abrecordref recordref = cfbridgingretain([arr objectatindex:i]); 
 rypersoninfo *personinfo = [rypersoninfo personinfowithabrecordref:recordref]; 
  
 [rtnarray addobject:personinfo]; 
 } 
 return rtnarray; 
} 
@end 

rypersoninfo.h

#import <foundation/foundation.h> 
#import <addressbook/addressbook.h> 
 
@interface rypersoninfo : nsobject 
 
/** 
 * 单值信息 
 */ 
#define property_str_readonly(name) @property (nonatomic, copy) nsstring *name; 
// 姓 
property_str_readonly(firstname) 
// 名 
property_str_readonly(lastname) 
// 中间名 
property_str_readonly(middlename) 
// 全名 
property_str_readonly(fullname) 
// 搜索索引 
property_str_readonly(firstspell) 
// 前缀 
property_str_readonly(prefix) 
// 后缀 
property_str_readonly(suffix) 
// 昵称 
property_str_readonly(nickname) 
// 姓_音标 
property_str_readonly(firstnamephonetic) 
// 名_音标 
property_str_readonly(lastnamephonetic) 
// 中间名_音标 
property_str_readonly(middlenamephonetic) 
// 公司 
property_str_readonly(organization) 
// 工作 
property_str_readonly(jobtitle) 
// 部门 
property_str_readonly(department) 
// 生日 
property_str_readonly(birthday) 
// 备忘录 
property_str_readonly(note) 
// 第一次创建用户信息的时间 
property_str_readonly(firstknow) 
// 最后一次更改用户信息的时间 
property_str_readonly(lastknow) 
// 名片类型(company/person) 
property_str_readonly(kind) 
 
// 多值信息 
#define property_arr_readonly(name) @property (nonatomic, strong) nsarray *name; 
// 邮箱 
property_arr_readonly(email) 
// 地址 
property_arr_readonly(address) 
// 日期 
property_arr_readonly(dates) 
// imessage 
property_arr_readonly(imessage) 
// 电话号码 
property_arr_readonly(phone) 
// url链接 
property_arr_readonly(url) 
 
#define property_img_readonly(name) @property (nonatomic, strong) uiimage *name; 
// 图片 
//property_img_readonly(image) 
/** 
 * 初始化方法 
 * 
 * @param ref 联系人属性 
 * 
 * @return 实例对象 
 */ 
- (id)initwithabrecordref:(abrecordref)ref; 
 
/** 
 * 初始化类方法 
 * 
 * @param ref 联系人属性 
 * 
 * @return 实例对象 
 */ 
+ (id)personinfowithabrecordref:(abrecordref)ref; 
 
@end 

rypersoninfo.m

#import "rypersoninfo.h" 
 
#define nullstrtoempty(str) \ 
[str rangeofstring:@"null"].location==0? @"" : str 
 
/** 
 * 单值信息 
 */ 
#define get_property_method(property, property_key) \ 
- (nsstring *)property {\ 
return (nsstring *)cfbridgingrelease(abrecordcopyvalue(_recordref, property_key));\ 
} 
 
/** 
 * 多值信息 
 */ 
#define dict_add_str_for_key(dict, str, key) \ 
if (str) {\ 
[dict setobject:str forkey:key];\ 
} 
#define get_property_sigle_value_method(property, property_key)\ 
- (nsarray *)property\ 
{\ 
nsmutablearray *rtnarray = [nsmutablearray array];\ 
\ 
abmultivalueref ref = abrecordcopyvalue(_recordref, property_key);\ 
long count = abmultivaluegetcount(ref);\ 
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)\ 
{\ 
nsstring* label = (__bridge nsstring*)abaddressbookcopylocalizedlabel(abmultivaluecopylabelatindex(ref, i));\ 
nsstring* content = (__bridge nsstring*)abmultivaluecopyvalueatindex(ref, i);\ 
nsmutabledictionary *dict = [nsmutabledictionary dictionary];\ 
dict_add_str_for_key(dict, content, label);\ 
\ 
[rtnarray addobject:dict];\ 
}\ 
return rtnarray;\ 
} 
 
@interface rypersoninfo () 
 
@property (nonatomic , assign)abrecordref recordref; 
 
@end 
 
@implementation rypersoninfo 
 
- (id)initwithabrecordref:(abrecordref)ref { 
 if (self = [super init]) { 
 _recordref = ref; 
 } 
 return self; 
} 
 
+ (id)personinfowithabrecordref:(abrecordref)ref { 
 return [[[self class] alloc] initwithabrecordref:ref]; 
} 
 
get_property_method( firstname , kabpersonfirstnameproperty); 
get_property_method( lastname , kabpersonlastnameproperty); 
get_property_method( middlename , kabpersonmiddlenameproperty); 
get_property_method( prefix , kabpersonprefixproperty); 
get_property_method( suffix , kabpersonsuffixproperty); 
get_property_method( nickname , kabpersonnicknameproperty); 
get_property_method( organization , kabpersonorganizationproperty); 
get_property_method( jobtitle , kabpersonjobtitleproperty); 
get_property_method( department , kabpersondepartmentproperty); 
get_property_method( birthday , kabpersonbirthdayproperty); 
get_property_method( note  , kabpersonnoteproperty); 
get_property_method( firstknow , kabpersoncreationdateproperty); 
get_property_method( lastknow , kabpersonmodificationdateproperty); 
get_property_method( firstnamephonetic , kabpersonfirstnamephoneticproperty); 
get_property_method( lastnamephonetic , kabpersonlastnamephoneticproperty); 
get_property_method( middlenamephonetic, kabpersonmiddlenamephoneticproperty); 
 
get_property_sigle_value_method(email, kabpersonemailproperty) 
get_property_sigle_value_method(dates, kabpersondateproperty) 
get_property_sigle_value_method(url , kabpersonurlproperty) 
get_property_sigle_value_method(phone, kabpersonphoneproperty) 
 
- (nsstring *)kind 
{ 
 nsstring *rtnstr = nil; 
 cfnumberref recordtype = abrecordcopyvalue(_recordref, kabpersonkindproperty); 
 if (recordtype == kabpersonkindorganization) { 
 rtnstr = @"company"; 
 } else { 
 rtnstr = @"person"; 
 } 
 return rtnstr; 
} 
 
- (nsarray *)imessage 
{ 
 nsmutablearray *rtnarray = [nsmutablearray array]; 
 
 abmultivalueref instantmessage = abrecordcopyvalue(_recordref, kabpersoninstantmessageproperty); 
 for (int i = 1; i < abmultivaluegetcount(instantmessage); i++) 
 { 
 nsstring* label = (__bridge nsstring*)abmultivaluecopylabelatindex(instantmessage, i); 
 nsdictionary* content =(__bridge nsdictionary*) abmultivaluecopyvalueatindex(instantmessage, i); 
  
 nsmutabledictionary *imessageinfodict = [nsmutabledictionary dictionary]; 
 nsstring* username = [content valueforkey:(nsstring *)kabpersoninstantmessageusernamekey]; 
 nsstring* service = [content valueforkey:(nsstring *)kabpersoninstantmessageservicekey]; 
 dict_add_str_for_key(imessageinfodict, username, @"username"); 
 dict_add_str_for_key(imessageinfodict, service, @"service"); 
  
 nsdictionary *imessagedict = @{label: imessageinfodict}; 
 [rtnarray addobject:imessagedict]; 
 } 
 return rtnarray; 
} 
 
-(nsarray *)address 
{ 
 nsmutablearray *rtnarray = [nsmutablearray array]; 
 
 abmultivalueref address = abrecordcopyvalue(_recordref, kabpersonaddressproperty); 
 long count = abmultivaluegetcount(address); 
 for(int i = 0; i < count; i++) 
 { 
 nsstring* addresslabel = (__bridge nsstring*)abmultivaluecopylabelatindex(address, i); 
 nsdictionary* personaddress =(__bridge nsdictionary*) abmultivaluecopyvalueatindex(address, i); 
  
 nsmutabledictionary *addressinfodict = [nsmutabledictionary dictionary]; 
 nsstring* country = [personaddress valueforkey:(nsstring *)kabpersonaddresscountrykey]; 
 nsstring* city = [personaddress valueforkey:(nsstring *)kabpersonaddresscitykey]; 
 nsstring* state = [personaddress valueforkey:(nsstring *)kabpersonaddressstatekey]; 
 nsstring* street = [personaddress valueforkey:(nsstring *)kabpersonaddressstreetkey]; 
 nsstring* zip = [personaddress valueforkey:(nsstring *)kabpersonaddresszipkey]; 
 nsstring* coutntrycode = [personaddress valueforkey:(nsstring *)kabpersonaddresscountrycodekey]; 
 dict_add_str_for_key(addressinfodict, country, @"country"); 
 dict_add_str_for_key(addressinfodict, city,  @"city"); 
 dict_add_str_for_key(addressinfodict, state, @"state"); 
 dict_add_str_for_key(addressinfodict, street, @"street"); 
 dict_add_str_for_key(addressinfodict, zip,  @"zip"); 
 dict_add_str_for_key(addressinfodict, coutntrycode, @"coutntrycode"); 
  
 nsdictionary *addressdict = @{addresslabel: addressinfodict}; 
 [rtnarray addobject:addressdict]; 
 } 
 return rtnarray; 
} 
 
//- (uiimage *)image 
//{ 
// nsdata *data = (__bridge nsdata*)abpersoncopyimagedata(_recordref); 
// return [uiimage imagewithdata:data]; 
//} 
 
#pragma mark - 
#pragma mark - customproperty 
/** 
 * 全名 
 */ 
- (nsstring *)fullname 
{ 
 return [nsstring stringwithformat:@"%@%@%@", 
  nullstrtoempty(self.lastname), 
  nullstrtoempty(self.middlename), 
  nullstrtoempty(self.firstname)]; 
} 
/** 
 * 首字母 
 */ 
- (nsstring *)firstspell 
{ 
 return getfirstspell(self.fullname); 
} 
 
/** 
 * 输出模型所有信息 
 */ 
- (nsstring *)description 
{ 
 return [nsstring stringwithformat:@"%@ -- infopacket", 
  self.fullname]; 
} 
 
/** 
 * 获取首字母 
 */ 
nsstring* getfirstspell(nsstring *fullname) 
{ 
 nsmutablestring *ms = [[nsmutablestring alloc] initwithstring:fullname]; 
 cfstringtransform((__bridge cfmutablestringref)ms, 0, kcfstringtransformmandarinlatin, no); 
 cfstringtransform((__bridge cfmutablestringref)ms, 0, kcfstringtransformstripdiacritics, no); 
 
 if (fullname.length > 0) 
 return [[ms substringwithrange:nsmakerange(0, 1)] lowercasestring]; 
 else 
 return @"#"; 
} 
 
@end 

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