Mysql中Identity 详细介绍
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2023-12-20 09:16:10
假如表中包含一列为auto_increment,
如果是myisam类型的引擎,那么在删除了最新一笔数据,无论是否重启mysql,下一次插入之后仍然会使用上次删除的最大i...
假如表中包含一列为auto_increment,
如果是myisam类型的引擎,那么在删除了最新一笔数据,无论是否重启mysql,下一次插入之后仍然会使用上次删除的最大id+1.
mysql> create table test_myisam (id int not null auto_increment primary key, name char(5)) engine=myisam; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> insert into test_myisam (name) select ‘a‘; query ok, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) records: 1 duplicates: 0 warnings: 0 mysql> insert into test_myisam (name) select ‘b‘; query ok, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) records: 1 duplicates: 0 warnings: 0 mysql> insert into test_myisam (name) select ‘c‘; query ok, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) records: 1 duplicates: 0 warnings: 0 mysql> insert into test_myisam (name) select name from test_myisam; query ok, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec) records: 3 duplicates: 0 warnings: 0 mysql> select * from test_myisam; +----+------+ | id | name | +----+------+ | 1 | a | | 2 | b | | 3 | c | | 4 | a | | 5 | b | | 6 | c | +----+------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> delete from test_myisam where id=6; query ok, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into test_myisam(name) select ‘d‘; query ok, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) records: 1 duplicates: 0 warnings: 0 mysql> select * from test_myisam; +----+------+ | id | name | +----+------+ | 1 | a | | 2 | b | | 3 | c | | 4 | a | | 5 | b | | 7 | d | +----+------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
下面是对innodb表的测试。
mysql> create table test_innodb(id int not null auto_increment primary key, name char(5)) engine=innodb; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.26 sec) mysql> insert into test_innodb (name)select ‘a‘; query ok, 1 row affected (0.06 sec) records: 1 duplicates: 0 warnings: 0 mysql> insert into test_innodb (name)select ‘b‘; query ok, 1 row affected (0.06 sec) records: 1 duplicates: 0 warnings: 0 mysql> insert into test_innodb (name)select ‘c‘; query ok, 1 row affected (0.07 sec) records: 1 duplicates: 0 warnings: 0 mysql> select * from test_innodb; +----+------+ | id | name | +----+------+ | 1 | a | | 2 | b | | 3 | c | +----+------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> delete from test_innodb where id=3; query ok, 1 row affected (0.05 sec) mysql> insert into test_innodb (name)select ‘d‘; query ok, 1 row affected (0.20 sec) records: 1 duplicates: 0 warnings: 0 mysql> select * from test_innodb; +----+------+ | id | name | +----+------+ | 1 | a | | 2 | b | | 4 | d | +----+------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit bye [2@a data]$ mysql -uroot -pwsdad welcome to the mysql monitor. commands end with ; or \g. your mysql connection id is 5 server version: 5.5.37-log source distribution copyright (c) 2000, 2014, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved. oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and/or its affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> use wison database changed mysql> delete from test_innodb where id=4; query ok, 1 row affected (0.07 sec) mysql> exit bye [2@a data]$ sudo service mysql restart shutting down mysql... success! starting mysql.. success! [2@a data]$ mysql -uroot -pwison welcome to the mysql monitor. commands end with ; or \g. your mysql connection id is 1 server version: 5.5.37-log source distribution copyright (c) 2000, 2014, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved. oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and/or its affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> use wison database changed mysql> insert into test_innodb (name) select ‘z‘; query ok, 1 row affected (0.07 sec) records: 1 duplicates: 0 warnings: 0 mysql> select * from test_innodb; +----+------+ | id | name | +----+------+ | 1 | a | | 2 | b | | 3 | z | +----+------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
可以看到在mysql数据库没有重启时,innodb的表新插入数据会是之前被删除的数据再加1.
但是当mysql服务被重启后,再向innodb的自增表表里插入数据,那么会使用当前innodb表里的最大的自增列再加1.
原因:
myisam类型存储引擎的表将最大的id值是记录到数据文件中,不管是否重启最大的id值都不会丢失。但是innodb表的最大的id值是存在内存中的,若不重启mysql服务,新加入数据会使用内存中最大的数据+1.但是重启之后,会使用当前表中最大的值再+1
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