Android编程下拉菜单spinner用法小结(附2则示例)

本文较为详细的总结分析了android编程下拉菜单spinner用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

spinner控件也是一种列表类型的控件，它的继承关系如下：

java.lang.object
   ↳ android.view.view
     ↳ android.view.viewgroup
       ↳ android.widget.adapterview<textends android.widget.adapter>
         ↳ android.widget.absspinner
          ↳ android.widget.spinner

android.widget.spinner继承了android.view.viewgroup类。

在android的ui开发中，spinner(下拉列表)总是可以用到的，一个简单的自定义spinner制作我们只需要记住这重要的五步，一个spinner就可以应用而生了。

(1)新建一个android工程，名称为spinner。同时建一个activity，名称为spinneractivity。

(2)修改res/layout/main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
 android:orientation="vertical" 
 android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
 android:layout_height="fill_parent" 
 > 
 <textview 
 android:id = "@+id/textview_city" 
 android:layout_width = "wrap_content" 
 android:layout_height = "wrap_content" 
 android:text = "所在城市：" 
 /> 
 <!-- 定义一个城市信息下拉菜单--> 
 <spinner 
 android:id = "@+id/spinner_city" 
 android:layout_width = "wrap_content" 
 android:layout_height ="wrap_content" > 
 </spinner > 
</linearlayout>

(3)spinneractivity.java 代码

package cn.com; 
import java.util.arraylist; 
import java.util.list; 
import android.app.activity; 
import android.os.bundle; 
import android.view.motionevent; 
import android.view.view; 
import android.widget.adapterview; 
import android.widget.arrayadapter; 
import android.widget.spinner; 
import android.widget.textview; 
public class spinneractivity extends activity { 
 /** called when the activity is first created. */ 
 private list<string> list = new arraylist<string>(); 
 private textview mytextview; 
 private spinner myspinner; 
 private arrayadapter<string> adapter; 
 @override 
 public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { 
 super.oncreate(savedinstancestate); 
 setcontentview(r.layout.main); 
 //第一步：添加一个下拉列表项的list，这里添加的项就是下拉列表的菜单项
 list.add("北京"); 
 list.add("上海"); 
 list.add("深圳"); 
 list.add("福州"); 
 list.add("厦门"); 
 mytextview = (textview)findviewbyid(r.id.textview_city); 
 myspinner = (spinner)findviewbyid(r.id.spinner_city); 
 //第二步：为下拉列表定义一个适配器，这里就用到里前面定义的list。 
 adapter = new arrayadapter<string>(this,android.r.layout.simple_spinner_item, list);
 //第三步：为适配器设置下拉列表下拉时的菜单样式。 
 adapter.setdropdownviewresource(android.r.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item); 
 //第四步：将适配器添加到下拉列表上 
 myspinner.setadapter(adapter); 
 //第五步：为下拉列表设置各种事件的响应，这个事响应菜单被选中 
 myspinner.setonitemselectedlistener(new spinner.onitemselectedlistener(){ 
  public void onitemselected(adapterview<?> arg0, view arg1, int arg2, long arg3) { 
  // todo auto-generated method stub 
  /* 将所选myspinner 的值带入mytextview 中*/ 
  mytextview.settext("您选择的是："+ adapter.getitem(arg2)); 
  /* 将myspinner 显示*/ 
  arg0.setvisibility(view.visible); 
  } 
  public void onnothingselected(adapterview<?> arg0) { 
  // todo auto-generated method stub 
  mytextview.settext("none"); 
  arg0.setvisibility(view.visible); 
  } 
 }); 
 /*下拉菜单弹出的内容选项触屏事件处理*/ 
 myspinner.setontouchlistener(new spinner.ontouchlistener(){ 
  public boolean ontouch(view v, motionevent event) { 
  // todo auto-generated method stub 
  /** 
   * 
   */ 
  return false; 
  } 
 }); 
 /*下拉菜单弹出的内容选项焦点改变事件处理*/ 
 myspinner.setonfocuschangelistener(new spinner.onfocuschangelistener(){ 
 public void onfocuschange(view v, boolean hasfocus) { 
  // todo auto-generated method stub 
 } 
 }); 
 } 
}

运行结果如下图所示：

补充：spinner控件用法示例2则

用法1：

<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 android:id="@+id/container"
 android:orientation="vertical"
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="fill_parent"
 tools:context="com.example.mars_2100_spinner.mainactivity"
 tools:ignore="mergerootframe" >
<spinner android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:id="@+id/spinnerid"/>
</linearlayout>

package com.example.mars_2100_spinner;
import android.support.v7.app.actionbaractivity;
import android.support.v7.app.actionbar;
import android.support.v4.app.fragment;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.layoutinflater;
import android.view.menu;
import android.view.menuitem;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.viewgroup;
import android.widget.adapterview;
import android.widget.arrayadapter;
import android.widget.spinner;
import android.widget.toast;
import android.os.build;
public class mainactivity extends actionbaractivity {
 private static final string[] m_arr = {"第一组","第二组","第三组"};
 @override
 protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
 super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
 setcontentview(r.layout.activity_main);
 spinner _spin = (spinner)findviewbyid(r.id.spinnerid);
 arrayadapter<string> ada = new arrayadapter<string>(this, android.r.layout.simple_spinner_item, m_arr);
 ada.setdropdownviewresource(android.r.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
 _spin.setadapter(ada);
 _spin.setonitemselectedlistener(new spinner.onitemselectedlistener(){
  public void onitemselected(adapterview<?> arg0, view arg1, int arg2, long arg3){
  disptoast("选择的是"+m_arr[arg2]);
  arg0.setvisibility(view.visible);
  }
  public void onnothingselected(adapterview<?> arg0){
  //
  }
 });
 /*if (savedinstancestate == null) {
  getsupportfragmentmanager().begintransaction().add(r.id.container, new placeholderfragment()).commit();
 }*/
 }
 public void disptoast(string str){
 toast.maketext(this, str, toast.length_short).show();
 }
 @override
 public boolean oncreateoptionsmenu(menu menu) {
 // inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
 getmenuinflater().inflate(r.menu.main, menu);
 return true;
 }
 @override
 public boolean onoptionsitemselected(menuitem item) {
 // handle action bar item clicks here. the action bar will
 // automatically handle clicks on the home/up button, so long
 // as you specify a parent activity in androidmanifest.xml.
 int id = item.getitemid();
 if (id == r.id.action_settings) {
  return true;
 }
 return super.onoptionsitemselected(item);
 }
 /**
 * a placeholder fragment containing a simple view.
 */
 public static class placeholderfragment extends fragment {
 public placeholderfragment() {
 }
 @override
 public view oncreateview(layoutinflater inflater, viewgroup container, bundle savedinstancestate) {
  view rootview = inflater.inflate(r.layout.fragment_main, container, false);
  return rootview;
 }
 }
}

用法2：

<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 android:id="@+id/container"
 android:orientation="vertical"
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="fill_parent"
 tools:context="com.example.mars_2100_spinner.mainactivity"
 tools:ignore="mergerootframe" >
<spinner android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:id="@+id/spinnerid2"/>
<textview android:id="@+id/textview1"
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
<spinner android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:id="@+id/spinnerid3"/>
<textview android:id="@+id/textview2"
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</linearlayout>

package com.example.mars_2100_spinner;
import android.support.v7.app.actionbaractivity;
import android.support.v7.app.actionbar;
import android.support.v4.app.fragment;
import android.app.activity;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.layoutinflater;
import android.view.menu;
import android.view.menuitem;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.viewgroup;
import android.widget.adapterview;
import android.widget.adapterview.onitemselectedlistener;
import android.widget.arrayadapter;
import android.widget.spinner;
import android.widget.textview;
import android.os.build;
public class main02activity extends activity {
 static final string[] constellations = new string[] { "白羊座", "金牛座", "双子座", "巨蟹座", "狮子座", "处女座", "天枰座", "天蝎座", "射手座", "魔蝎座", "水瓶座", "双鱼座" };
 @override
 protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
 super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
 setcontentview(r.layout.activity_main02);
 final textview txt2 = (textview) findviewbyid(r.id.textview1);
 spinner s1 = (spinner) findviewbyid(r.id.spinnerid2);
 final arrayadapter<charsequence> adapter = arrayadapter.createfromresource(this, r.array.planets_array, android.r.layout.simple_spinner_item);
 adapter.setdropdownviewresource(android.r.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
 s1.setadapter(adapter);
 s1.setprompt("测试");
 s1.setonitemselectedlistener(new onitemselectedlistener() {
  @override
  public void onitemselected(adapterview<?> parent, view view, int position, long id) {
  txt2.settext(adapter.getitem(position).tostring());
  }
  @override
  public void onnothingselected(adapterview<?> parent) {
  txt2.settext("没选中的");
  }
 });
 final textview txt4 = (textview) findviewbyid(r.id.textview2);
 spinner s2 = (spinner) findviewbyid(r.id.spinnerid3);
 arrayadapter<charsequence> adapterc = new arrayadapter<charsequence>(this, android.r.layout.simple_spinner_item, constellations);
 adapterc.setdropdownviewresource(android.r.layout.simple_spinner_item);
 s2.setadapter(adapterc);
 s2.setonitemselectedlistener(new onitemselectedlistener() {
  public void onitemselected(adapterview<?> parent, view view, int position, long id) {
  txt4.settext(constellations[position]);
  }
  public void onnothingselected(adapterview<?> parent) {
  txt4.settext("没选中的");
  }
 });
 }
 @override
 public boolean oncreateoptionsmenu(menu menu) {
 // inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
 getmenuinflater().inflate(r.menu.main02, menu);
 return true;
 }
 @override
 public boolean onoptionsitemselected(menuitem item) {
 // handle action bar item clicks here. the action bar will
 // automatically handle clicks on the home/up button, so long
 // as you specify a parent activity in androidmanifest.xml.
 int id = item.getitemid();
 if (id == r.id.action_settings) {
  return true;
 }
 return super.onoptionsitemselected(item);
 }
 /**
 * a placeholder fragment containing a simple view.
 */
 public static class placeholderfragment extends fragment {
 public placeholderfragment() {
 }
 @override
 public view oncreateview(layoutinflater inflater, viewgroup container, bundle savedinstancestate) {
  view rootview = inflater.inflate(r.layout.fragment_main02, container, false);
  return rootview;
 }
 }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
 <string name="app_name">mars_2100_spinner</string>
 <string name="hello_world">hello world!</string>
 <string name="action_settings">settings</string>
 <string-array name="planets_array">
 <item>mercury</item>
 <item>venus</item>
 <item>earth</item>
 <item>mars</item>
 <item>jupiter</item>
 <item>saturn</item>
 <item>uranus</item>
 <item>neptune</item>
 </string-array>
 <string name="title_activity_main02">main02activity</string>
</resources>

希望本文所述对大家android程序设计有所帮助。