java ReentrantLock详解
介绍
reentrantlock称为重入锁，比内部锁synchonized拥有更强大的功能，它可中断、可定时、设置公平锁
【注】使用reentrantlock时，一定要释放锁，一般释放放到finnal里写。
提供以下重要的方法
- lock():获得锁，如果锁已被占用，则等待
- lockinterruptibly():获得锁，但有限响应中断
- unlock():释放锁
- trylock():尝试获取锁。如果获得，返回true；否则返回false
- trylock(long time, timeunit unit):在给定时间内获得锁。如果获得返回true；否则返回false
示例
例子1
import java.util.concurrent.locks.reentrantlock;
public class reentrantlocktest {
reentrantlock lock;
reentrantlocktest(reentrantlock lock) {
this.lock = lock;
}
private runnable getrunnable() {
return new runnable() {
@override
public void run() {
while(true) {
try {
if (lock.trylock()) {
try {
system.out.println("locked:" + thread.currentthread().getname());
thread.sleep(800);
} finally {
lock.unlock();
system.out.println("unlocked:" + thread.currentthread().getname());
}
system.out.println("break before");
break;
} else {
//system.out.println("unable to lock " + thread.currentthread().getname());
}
} catch (interruptedexception e){
system.out.println(thread.currentthread() + " is interupted");
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
};
}
public static void main(string[] args) {
reentrantlock lock = new reentrantlock();
reentrantlocktest test = new reentrantlocktest(lock);
reentrantlocktest test2 = new reentrantlocktest(lock);
thread thread1 = new thread(test.getrunnable(), "firstthread");
thread thread2 = new thread(test2.getrunnable(), "secondthread");
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
try {
thread.sleep(300);
}catch (interruptedexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
system.out.println("interupt begin");
thread2.interrupt();
system.out.println("interupt end");
}
}
一次执行结果：
locked:firstthread
interupt begin
interupt end
unlocked:firstthread
break before
locked:secondthread
unlocked:secondthread
thread[secondthread,5,main] is interupted
java.lang.interruptedexception: sleep interrupted
at java.lang.thread.sleep(native method)
at com.jihite.templet.javabase.reentrantlocktest$1.run(reentrantlocktest.java:23)
at java.lang.thread.run(thread.java:748)
locked:secondthread
unlocked:secondthread
break before
分析：firstthread执行，secondthread不停的判断是否可以获得锁，当firstthread执行完，secondthread执行后被打断
例子2
import java.util.concurrent.timeunit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.reentrantlock;
public class reentrantlocktest {
reentrantlock lock;
reentrantlocktest(reentrantlock lock) {
this.lock = lock;
}
private runnable getrunnable() {
return new runnable() {
@override
public void run() {
while(true) {
try {
if (lock.trylock(700, timeunit.milliseconds)) {
try {
system.out.println("locked:" + thread.currentthread().getname());
thread.sleep(800);
} finally {
lock.unlock();
system.out.println("unlocked:" + thread.currentthread().getname());
}
system.out.println("break before");
break;
} else {
//system.out.println("unable to lock " + thread.currentthread().getname());
}
} catch (interruptedexception e){
system.out.println(thread.currentthread() + " is interupted");
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
};
}
public static void main(string[] args) {
reentrantlock lock = new reentrantlock();
reentrantlocktest test = new reentrantlocktest(lock);
reentrantlocktest test2 = new reentrantlocktest(lock);
thread thread1 = new thread(test.getrunnable(), "firstthread");
thread thread2 = new thread(test2.getrunnable(), "secondthread");
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
try {
thread.sleep(300);
}catch (interruptedexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
system.out.println("interupt begin");
thread2.interrupt();
system.out.println("interupt end");
}
}
一次执行结果
locked:firstthread
interupt begin
interupt end
thread[secondthread,5,main] is interupted
java.lang.interruptedexception
at java.util.concurrent.locks.abstractqueuedsynchronizer.doacquirenanos(abstractqueuedsynchronizer.java:936)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.abstractqueuedsynchronizer.tryacquirenanos(abstractqueuedsynchronizer.java:1247)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.reentrantlock.trylock(reentrantlock.java:442)
at com.jihite.templet.javabase.reentrantlocktest$1.run(reentrantlocktest.java:19)
at java.lang.thread.run(thread.java:748)
locked:secondthread
unlocked:firstthread
break before
unlocked:secondthread
break before
分析：firstthread执行，secondthread等待，等待过程被打断。打断后firstthread执行结束了，secondthread得到锁，继续执行
例子3
import java.util.concurrent.locks.reentrantlock;
public class reentrantlocktest2 {
reentrantlock lock;
reentrantlocktest2(reentrantlock lock) {
this.lock = lock;
}
private runnable getrunnable() {
return new runnable() {
@override
public void run() {
while (true) {
try {
try {
lock.lock();
// lock.lockinterruptibly();
system.out.println("locked:" + thread.currentthread().getname());
thread.sleep(800);
break;
} finally {
lock.unlock();
system.out.println("unlocked:" + thread.currentthread().getname());
}
} catch (interruptedexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
};
}
public static void main(string[] args) {
reentrantlock lock = new reentrantlock();
reentrantlocktest2 test = new reentrantlocktest2(lock);
reentrantlocktest2 test2 = new reentrantlocktest2(lock);
thread thread1 = new thread(test.getrunnable(), "firstthread");
thread thread2 = new thread(test2.getrunnable(), "secondthread");
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
try {
thread.sleep(600);
}catch (interruptedexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
system.out.println("interupt begin");
thread2.interrupt();
system.out.println("interupt end");
}
}
一次执行结果
locked:firstthread
interupt begin
interupt end
unlocked:firstthread
locked:secondthread
unlocked:secondthread
java.lang.interruptedexception: sleep interrupted
at java.lang.thread.sleep(native method)
at com.jihite.templet.javabase.reentrantlocktest2$1.run(reentrantlocktest2.java:22)
at java.lang.thread.run(thread.java:748)
locked:secondthread
unlocked:secondthread
分析：firstthread先获得锁执行，secondthread在等待，此时中断并未打断等待。firstthread执行完，secondthread获取后被打断
例子4
public class reentrantlocktest2 {
reentrantlock lock;
reentrantlocktest2(reentrantlock lock) {
this.lock = lock;
}
private runnable getrunnable() {
return new runnable() {
@override
public void run() {
while (true) {
try {
try {
// lock.lock();
lock.lockinterruptibly();
system.out.println("locked:" + thread.currentthread().getname());
thread.sleep(800);
break;
} finally {
lock.unlock();
system.out.println("unlocked:" + thread.currentthread().getname());
}
} catch (interruptedexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
}
}
};
}
public static void main(string[] args) {
reentrantlock lock = new reentrantlock();
reentrantlocktest2 test = new reentrantlocktest2(lock);
reentrantlocktest2 test2 = new reentrantlocktest2(lock);
thread thread1 = new thread(test.getrunnable(), "firstthread");
thread thread2 = new thread(test2.getrunnable(), "secondthread");
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
try {
thread.sleep(600);
}catch (interruptedexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
system.out.println("interupt begin");
thread2.interrupt();
system.out.println("interupt end");
}
}
一次执行结果
locked:firstthread
interupt begin
interupt end
exception in thread "secondthread" java.lang.illegalmonitorstateexception
at java.util.concurrent.locks.reentrantlock$sync.tryrelease(reentrantlock.java:151)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.abstractqueuedsynchronizer.release(abstractqueuedsynchronizer.java:1261)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.reentrantlock.unlock(reentrantlock.java:457)
at com.jihite.templet.javabase.reentrantlocktest2$1.run(reentrantlocktest2.java:25)
at java.lang.thread.run(thread.java:748)
分析：lock.lockinterruptibly();在执行过程中可以响应中断时间
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