详解Elastic Search搜索引擎在SpringBoot中的实践
实验环境
- es版本:5.3.0
- spring bt版本:1.5.9
首先当然需要安装好elastic search环境,最好再安装上可视化插件 elasticsearch-head来便于我们直观地查看数据。
当然这部分可以参考本人的帖子:
我的es安装在http://113.209.119.170:9200/这个地址(该地址需要配到springboot项目中去)
spring工程创建
这部分没有特殊要交代的,但有几个注意点一定要当心
注意在新建项目时记得勾选web和nosql中的elasticsearch依赖,来张图说明一下吧:
创建工程时勾选nosql中的es依赖选项
项目自动生成以后pom.xml中会自动添加spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch的依赖:
<dependency> <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid> <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactid> </dependency>
本项目中我们使用开源的基于restful的es java客户端jest,所以还需要在pom.xml中添加jest依赖:
<dependency> <groupid>io.searchbox</groupid> <artifactid>jest</artifactid> </dependency>
除此之外还必须添加jna的依赖:
<dependency> <groupid>net.java.dev.jna</groupid> <artifactid>jna</artifactid> </dependency>
否则启动spring项目的时候会报jna not found. native methods will be disabled.的错误:
jna not found. native methods will be disabled.
项目的配置文件application.yml中需要把es服务器地址配置对
server: port: 6325 spring: elasticsearch: jest: uris: - http://113.209.119.170:9200 # es服务器的地址! read-timeout: 5000
代码组织
我的项目代码组织如下:
项目代码组织
各部分代码详解如下,注释都有:
entity.java
package com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.entity; import java.io.serializable; import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.document; public class entity implements serializable{ private static final long serialversionuid = -763638353551774166l; public static final string index_name = "index_entity"; public static final string type = "tstype"; private long id; private string name; public entity() { super(); } public entity(long id, string name) { this.id = id; this.name = name; } public long getid() { return id; } public void setid(long id) { this.id = id; } public string getname() { return name; } public void setname(string name) { this.name = name; } }
testservice.java
package com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.service; import com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.entity.entity; import java.util.list; public interface testservice { void saveentity(entity entity); void saveentity(list<entity> entitylist); list<entity> searchentity(string searchcontent); }
testserviceimpl.java
package com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.service.impl; import java.io.ioexception; import java.util.list; import com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.entity.entity; import com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.service.testservice; import org.elasticsearch.index.query.querybuilders; import org.elasticsearch.search.builder.searchsourcebuilder; import org.slf4j.logger; import org.slf4j.loggerfactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.service; import io.searchbox.client.jestclient; import io.searchbox.client.jestresult; import io.searchbox.core.bulk; import io.searchbox.core.index; import io.searchbox.core.search; @service public class testserviceimpl implements testservice { private static final logger logger = loggerfactory.getlogger(testserviceimpl.class); @autowired private jestclient jestclient; @override public void saveentity(entity entity) { index index = new index.builder(entity).index(entity.index_name).type(entity.type).build(); try { jestclient.execute(index); logger.info("es 插入完成"); } catch (ioexception e) { e.printstacktrace(); logger.error(e.getmessage()); } } /** * 批量保存内容到es */ @override public void saveentity(list<entity> entitylist) { bulk.builder bulk = new bulk.builder(); for(entity entity : entitylist) { index index = new index.builder(entity).index(entity.index_name).type(entity.type).build(); bulk.addaction(index); } try { jestclient.execute(bulk.build()); logger.info("es 插入完成"); } catch (ioexception e) { e.printstacktrace(); logger.error(e.getmessage()); } } /** * 在es中搜索内容 */ @override public list<entity> searchentity(string searchcontent){ searchsourcebuilder searchsourcebuilder = new searchsourcebuilder(); //searchsourcebuilder.query(querybuilders.querystringquery(searchcontent)); //searchsourcebuilder.field("name"); searchsourcebuilder.query(querybuilders.matchquery("name",searchcontent)); search search = new search.builder(searchsourcebuilder.tostring()) .addindex(entity.index_name).addtype(entity.type).build(); try { jestresult result = jestclient.execute(search); return result.getsourceasobjectlist(entity.class); } catch (ioexception e) { logger.error(e.getmessage()); e.printstacktrace(); } return null; } }
entitycontroller.java
package com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.controller; import java.util.arraylist; import java.util.list; import com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.entity.entity; import com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.service.testservice; import org.apache.commons.lang.stringutils; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.restcontroller; @restcontroller @requestmapping("/entitycontroller") public class entitycontroller { @autowired testservice cityesservice; @requestmapping(value="/save", method=requestmethod.get) public string save(long id, string name) { system.out.println("save 接口"); if(id>0 && stringutils.isnotempty(name)) { entity newentity = new entity(id,name); list<entity> addlist = new arraylist<entity>(); addlist.add(newentity); cityesservice.saveentity(addlist); return "ok"; }else { return "bad input value"; } } @requestmapping(value="/search", method=requestmethod.get) public list<entity> save(string name) { list<entity> entitylist = null; if(stringutils.isnotempty(name)) { entitylist = cityesservice.searchentity(name); } return entitylist; } }
实际实验
增加几条数据,可以使用postman工具,也可以直接在浏览器中输入,如增加以下5条数据:
http://localhost:6325/entitycontroller/save?id=1&name=南京中山陵 http://localhost:6325/entitycontroller/save?id=2&name=中国南京师范大学 http://localhost:6325/entitycontroller/save?id=3&name=南京夫子庙 http://localhost:6325/entitycontroller/save?id=4&name=杭州也非常不错 http://localhost:6325/entitycontroller/save?id=5&name=中国南边好像没有叫带京字的城市了
数据插入效果如下(使用可视化插件elasticsearch-head观看):
数据插入效果
我们来做一下搜索的测试:例如我要搜索关键字“南京”
我们在浏览器中输入:
http://localhost:6325/entitycontroller/search?name=南京
搜索结果如下:
关键字“南京”的搜索结果
刚才插入的5条记录中包含关键字“南京”的四条记录均被搜索出来了!
当然这里用的是standard分词方式,将每个中文都作为了一个term,凡是包含“南”、“京”关键字的记录都被搜索了出来,只是评分不同而已,当然还有其他的一些分词方式,此时需要其他分词插件的支持,此处暂不涉及,后文中再做探索。
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