springboot整合H2内存数据库实现单元测试与数据库无关性

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" 
 xsi:schemalocation="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
 <modelversion>4.0.0</modelversion> 
 
 <groupid>com.chhliu.springboot.h2</groupid> 
 <artifactid>springboot-h2</artifactid> 
 <version>0.0.1-snapshot</version> 
 <packaging>jar</packaging> 
 
 <name>springboot-h2</name> 
 <description>demo project for spring boot h2</description> 
 
 <parent> 
  <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid> 
  <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactid> 
  <version>1.4.3.release</version> 
  <relativepath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> 
 </parent> 
 
 <properties> 
  <project.build.sourceencoding>utf-8</project.build.sourceencoding> 
  <project.reporting.outputencoding>utf-8</project.reporting.outputencoding> 
  <java.version>1.7</java.version> 
 </properties> 
 
 <dependencies> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid> 
   <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactid> 
  </dependency> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid> 
   <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid> 
  </dependency> 
 
  <dependency> 
   <groupid>com.h2database</groupid> 
   <artifactid>h2</artifactid> 
   <scope>runtime</scope> 
  </dependency> 
  <dependency> 
   <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid> 
   <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactid> 
   <scope>test</scope> 
  </dependency> 
 </dependencies> 
 
 <build> 
  <plugins> 
   <plugin> 
    <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid> 
    <artifactid>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactid> 
   </plugin> 
  </plugins> 
 </build> 
</project> 

package com.chhliu.springboot.h2.entity; 
import java.math.bigdecimal; 
import javax.persistence.column; 
import javax.persistence.entity; 
import javax.persistence.generatedvalue; 
import javax.persistence.generationtype; 
import javax.persistence.id; 
 
@entity 
public class user { 
 @id 
 @generatedvalue(strategy = generationtype.auto) 
 private long id; 
 
 @column 
 private string username; 
 
 @column 
 private string name; 
 
 @column 
 private short age; 
 
 @column 
 private bigdecimal balance; 
 
 ……省略gettter和setter方法 
} 

package com.chhliu.springboot.h2.repository; 
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.jparepository; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.repository; 
import com.chhliu.springboot.h2.entity.user; 
@repository 
public interface userrepository extends jparepository<user, long> { 
 
} 

package com.chhliu.springboot.h2.controller; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.getmapping; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.pathvariable; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.restcontroller; 
 
import com.chhliu.springboot.h2.entity.user; 
import com.chhliu.springboot.h2.repository.userrepository; 
 
@restcontroller 
public class usercontroller { 
 
 @autowired 
 private userrepository userrepository; 
 
 @getmapping("/user/{id}")// 注意，此处使用的是getmapping注解，该注解的作用类似与@requestmapping(value="/user/{id}" ,method=requestmethod.get)，@postmapping注解同理 
 public user findbyid(@pathvariable long id) { 
 return this.userrepository.findone(id); 
 } 
} 

# 服务器端口号 
server.port=7900 
# 是否生成ddl语句 
spring.jpa.generate-ddl=false 
# 是否打印sql语句 
spring.jpa.show-sql=true 
# 自动生成ddl，由于指定了具体的ddl，此处设置为none 
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none 
# 使用h2数据库 
spring.datasource.platform=h2 
# 指定生成数据库的schema文件位置 
spring.datasource.schema=classpath:schema.sql 
# 指定插入数据库语句的脚本位置 
spring.datasource.data=classpath:data.sql 
# 配置日志打印信息 
logging.level.root=info 
logging.level.org.hibernate=info 
logging.level.org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.basicbinder=trace 
logging.level.org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.basicextractor=trace 
logging.level.com.itmuch=debug 

package com.chhliu.springboot.h2; 
import org.junit.assert; 
import org.junit.test; 
import org.junit.runner.runwith; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired; 
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.springboottest; 
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.springrunner; 
import com.chhliu.springboot.h2.entity.user; 
import com.chhliu.springboot.h2.repository.userrepository; 
@runwith(springrunner.class) 
@springboottest 
public class springbooth2applicationtests { 
 
 @autowired 
 private userrepository repository; 
  
 @test 
 public void test(){ 
  user u = repository.findone(1l); 
  assert.assertequals("成功的测试用例", "张三", u.getname()); 
 } 
}