Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate项目环境搭建的步骤(图文)
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2023-12-05 20:03:58
工具篇：intellij idea+maven+spring+springmvc
spring+springmvc环境搭建
一、springmvc环境搭...
- 工具篇：intellij idea+maven+spring+springmvc
- spring+springmvc环境搭建
一、springmvc环境搭建
1、创建新项目
(1)、第一步是创建一个由maven原型的项目，根据图片上的步骤一次选择maven—–>create from archetype—->maven-archtype-webapp
(2)、第二步是填写groupid 和artifactid
(3)、在位置1处选择我们maven安装的目录，在位置2处选择settings.xml的路径(我只是设置了一次之后就是默认的了)
(4)、设置项目名和项目的位置
到这里项目就创建成功了
2、添加maven中项目所需要的jar包
在pom.xml中添加项目springmvc所依赖的jar包
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelversion>4.0.0</modelversion> <groupid>com.zbt</groupid> <artifactid>enviroment</artifactid> <version>1.0-snapshot</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>enviroment maven webapp</name> <!-- fixme change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceencoding>utf-8</project.build.sourceencoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aop --> <dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> <artifactid>spring-aop</artifactid> <version>5.0.6.release</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aspects --> <dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> <artifactid>spring-aspects</artifactid> <version>5.0.6.release</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans --> <dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> <artifactid>spring-beans</artifactid> <version>5.0.6.release</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context --> <dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> <artifactid>spring-context</artifactid> <version>5.0.6.release</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core --> <dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> <artifactid>spring-core</artifactid> <version>5.0.6.release</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-expression --> <dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> <artifactid>spring-expression</artifactid> <version>5.0.6.release</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc --> <dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> <artifactid>spring-jdbc</artifactid> <version>5.0.6.release</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-orm --> <dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> <artifactid>spring-orm</artifactid> <version>5.0.6.release</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-tx --> <dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> <artifactid>spring-tx</artifactid> <version>5.0.6.release</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web --> <dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> <artifactid>spring-web</artifactid> <version>5.0.6.release</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc --> <dependency> <groupid>org.springframework</groupid> <artifactid>spring-webmvc</artifactid> <version>5.0.6.release</version> </dependency> <!--servlet相关的jar包--> <dependency> <groupid>javax.servlet</groupid> <artifactid>javax.servlet-api</artifactid> <version>3.1.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupid>javax.servlet</groupid> <artifactid>jstl</artifactid> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupid>taglibs</groupid> <artifactid>standard</artifactid> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalname>enviroment</finalname> </build> </project>
3、配置web.xml文件
<!doctype web-app public "-//sun microsystems, inc.//dtd web application 2.3//en" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <!--设置我们的url都会交给dispatcherservlet--> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.dispatcherservlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:/spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!--tomcat 启动时就会初始化dispatcherservlet--> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
5、配置spring-mvc.xml文件
在resources文件夹下新建一个spring-mvc.xml。spring-mvc.xml文件的功能是什么？
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!--启用spring的一些annotation-->
<context:annotation-config/>
<!--自动扫描com.zbt.controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="zbt.com.controller"/>
<!--配置注解驱动可以将request参数绑定到controller参数上-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.internalresourceviewresolver">
<property name="viewclass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.jstlview"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/web-inf/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
6、编写controller类
package controller;
import org.apache.commons.logging.log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.logfactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmapping;
@controller
@requestmapping("/student")
public class studentcontroller {
private static final log logger = logfactory.getlog(studentcontroller.class);
@requestmapping("/hello")
public string sayhi(){
logger.info("sayhi are called!");
return "hello";
}
}
在web-inf/jsp文件夹下创建测试的hello.jsp
<html> <body> <h2>hello world!</h2> </body> </html>
启动服务器，在浏览器中输入
http://localhost:8088/student/hello.do
显示结果为
注意事项
(1)、url-pattern最好配置成下面的形式
<servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
而不是下面这种形式
<servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
配置成第二种模式会出现下面的情况
27-jun-2018 15:04:02.761 警告 [http-nio-8088-exec-8] org.springframework.web.servlet.dispatcherservlet.nohandlerfound no mapping found for http request with uri [/web-inf/jsp/hello.jsp] in dispatcherservlet with name 'springmvc'
网页会出现如下情况
(2)、我们的spring-mvc.xml是放在resources文件夹下面的，以后就按照这种方式编写(注意这是在intellij idea中，在eclipse中我不知道会不是是一样的)
<init-param> <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:/spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param>
二、spring+springmvc环境搭建
编写studentservice
package com.zbt.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.service;
/**
* created by luckyboy on 2018/7/2.
*/
@service
public class studentservice {
public string test(){
return "hello";
}
}
创建applicationconfig配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd "> <context:component-scan base-package="com.zbt"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.controller"/> </context:component-scan> </beans>
注意spring这里的包扫描方式为，spring扫描包的时候会排出@controller注解，也就是不会扫描com.zbt.controller包
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zbt"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.controller"/> </context:component-scan>
修改spring-mvc.xml中的包扫描方式
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!--启用spring的一些annotation-->
<context:annotation-config/>
<!--自动扫描com.zbt 而不是com.zbt.controller包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zbt"/>
<!--配置注解驱动可以将request参数绑定到controller参数上-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.internalresourceviewresolver">
<property name="viewclass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.jstlview"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/web-inf/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
将studentservice注入到studentcontroller中
package com.zbt.controller;
import com.zbt.service.studentservice;
import org.apache.commons.logging.log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.logfactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmapping;
/**
* created by luckyboy on 2018/6/27.
*/
@controller
@requestmapping("/student")
private static final log logger = logfactory.getlog(studentcontroller.class);
//使用autowired将studentservice注入到studentcontroller中
@autowired
private studentservice stuservice;
@requestmapping("/hello.do")
public string sayhi(){
logger.info("sayhi are called!");
return "hello";
}
@requestmapping("/spring_hello.do")
public string springsayhi(){
logger.info("sayhi are called by springsayhi");
return stuservice.test();
}
}
在studentservice类上面添加@service注解
package com.zbt.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.service;
/**
* created by luckyboy on 2018/7/2.
*/
@service
public class studentservice {
public string test(){
return "hello";
}
}
测试
启动服务器，在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost:8088/student/spring_hello.do，响应如下
注意事项
我们在spring-mvc.xml中的配置包扫描时，如果包扫描配置如下
<!--错误配置方式--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.zbt.controller"/> <!--正确配置方式 <context:component-scan base-package="com.zbt"/> -->
出现的错误
org.springframework.web.servlet.frameworkservlet.initservletbean context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.unsatisfieddependencyexception: error creating bean with name 'studentcontroller': unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'stuservice'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.nosuchbeandefinitionexception: no qualifying bean of type 'com.zbt.service.studentservice' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowiredannotationbeanpostprocessor$autowiredfieldelement.inject(autowiredannotationbeanpostprocessor.java:587)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.injectionmetadata.inject(injectionmetadata.java:91)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowiredannotationbeanpostprocessor.postprocesspropertyvalues(autowiredannotationbeanpostprocessor.java:373)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.abstractautowirecapablebeanfactory.populatebean(abstractautowirecapablebeanfactory.java:1348)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.abstractautowirecapablebeanfactory.docreatebean(abstractautowirecapablebeanfactory.java:578)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.abstractautowirecapablebeanfactory.createbean(abstractautowirecapablebeanfactory.java:501)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.abstractbeanfactory.lambda$dogetbean$0(abstractbeanfactory.java:317)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.defaultsingletonbeanregistry.getsingleton(defaultsingletonbeanregistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.abstractbeanfactory.dogetbean(abstractbeanfactory.java:315)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.abstractbeanfactory.getbean(abstractbeanfactory.java:199)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.defaultlistablebeanfactory.preinstantiatesingletons(defaultlistablebeanfactory.java:760)
at org.springframework.context.support.abstractapplicationcontext.finishbeanfactoryinitialization(abstractapplicationcontext.java:869)
at org.springframework.context.support.abstractapplicationcontext.refresh(abstractapplicationcontext.java:550)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.frameworkservlet.configureandrefreshwebapplicationcontext(frameworkservlet.java:672)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.frameworkservlet.createwebapplicationcontext(frameworkservlet.java:638)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.frameworkservlet.createwebapplicationcontext(frameworkservlet.java:686)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.frameworkservlet.initwebapplicationcontext(frameworkservlet.java:554)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.frameworkservlet.initservletbean(frameworkservlet.java:499)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.httpservletbean.init(httpservletbean.java:172)
at javax.servlet.genericservlet.init(genericservlet.java:158)
at org.apache.catalina.core.standardwrapper.initservlet(standardwrapper.java:1144)
at org.apache.catalina.core.standardwrapper.loadservlet(standardwrapper.java:1091)
at org.apache.catalina.core.standardwrapper.load(standardwrapper.java:983)
at org.apache.catalina.core.standardcontext.loadonstartup(standardcontext.java:4939)
at org.apache.catalina.core.standardcontext.startinternal(standardcontext.java:5249)
at org.apache.catalina.util.lifecyclebase.start(lifecyclebase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.containerbase.addchildinternal(containerbase.java:754)
at org.apache.catalina.core.containerbase.addchild(containerbase.java:730)
at org.apache.catalina.core.standardhost.addchild(standardhost.java:734)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.hostconfig.manageapp(hostconfig.java:1736)
at sun.reflect.nativemethodaccessorimpl.invoke0(native method)
at sun.reflect.nativemethodaccessorimpl.invoke(nativemethodaccessorimpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.delegatingmethodaccessorimpl.invoke(delegatingmethodaccessorimpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.method.invoke(method.java:498)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.basemodelmbean.invoke(basemodelmbean.java:300)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.defaultmbeanserverinterceptor.invoke(defaultmbeanserverinterceptor.java:819)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.jmxmbeanserver.invoke(jmxmbeanserver.java:801)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.mbeanfactory.createstandardcontext(mbeanfactory.java:482)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.mbeanfactory.createstandardcontext(mbeanfactory.java:431)
at sun.reflect.nativemethodaccessorimpl.invoke0(native method)
at sun.reflect.nativemethodaccessorimpl.invoke(nativemethodaccessorimpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.delegatingmethodaccessorimpl.invoke(delegatingmethodaccessorimpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.method.invoke(method.java:498)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.basemodelmbean.invoke(basemodelmbean.java:300)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.defaultmbeanserverinterceptor.invoke(defaultmbeanserverinterceptor.java:819)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.jmxmbeanserver.invoke(jmxmbeanserver.java:801)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.rmiconnectionimpl.dooperation(rmiconnectionimpl.java:1468)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.rmiconnectionimpl.access$300(rmiconnectionimpl.java:76)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.rmiconnectionimpl$privilegedoperation.run(rmiconnectionimpl.java:1309)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.rmiconnectionimpl.doprivilegedoperation(rmiconnectionimpl.java:1401)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.rmiconnectionimpl.invoke(rmiconnectionimpl.java:829)
at sun.reflect.nativemethodaccessorimpl.invoke0(native method)
at sun.reflect.nativemethodaccessorimpl.invoke(nativemethodaccessorimpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.delegatingmethodaccessorimpl.invoke(delegatingmethodaccessorimpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.method.invoke(method.java:498)
at sun.rmi.server.unicastserverref.dispatch(unicastserverref.java:357)
at sun.rmi.transport.transport$1.run(transport.java:200)
at sun.rmi.transport.transport$1.run(transport.java:197)
at java.security.accesscontroller.doprivileged(native method)
at sun.rmi.transport.transport.servicecall(transport.java:196)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.tcptransport.handlemessages(tcptransport.java:568)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.tcptransport$connectionhandler.run0(tcptransport.java:826)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.tcptransport$connectionhandler.lambda$run$0(tcptransport.java:683)
at java.security.accesscontroller.doprivileged(native method)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.tcptransport$connectionhandler.run(tcptransport.java:682)
at java.util.concurrent.threadpoolexecutor.runworker(threadpoolexecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.threadpoolexecutor$worker.run(threadpoolexecutor.java:624)
at java.lang.thread.run(thread.java:748)
caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.nosuchbeandefinitionexception: no qualifying bean of type 'com.zbt.service.studentservice' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.defaultlistablebeanfactory.raisenomatchingbeanfound(defaultlistablebeanfactory.java:1509)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.defaultlistablebeanfactory.doresolvedependency(defaultlistablebeanfactory.java:1104)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.defaultlistablebeanfactory.resolvedependency(defaultlistablebeanfactory.java:1065)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowiredannotationbeanpostprocessor$autowiredfieldelement.inject(autowiredannotationbeanpostprocessor.java:584)
... 67 more
会出现包无法扫描的情况，因此我们在spring-mvc.xml中应该配置成扫描所有的包
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。