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C#实现的24点游戏实例详解

程序员文章站 2023-12-03 17:00:46
本文实例分析了c#实现的24点游戏。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下: 1. 24点游戏规则及算法 规则:给出4个自然数,找出能够求出24的四则运算式,要求数字不能重复使...

本文实例分析了c#实现的24点游戏。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下:

1. 24点游戏规则及算法

规则:给出4个自然数,找出能够求出24的四则运算式,要求数字不能重复使用
分析:

本算法是一种暴力求解法:

给出任意两个数字,可以进行6种四则运算,求出最多6个值。以数字a和b为例,有:

加(a+b)、减(a-b)、被减(b-a)、乘以(a*b)、除以(a/b)和除(b/a)
abcd共计四个数,如果顺序固定,则有5种计算顺序(★代表上面6种四则运算中的一种):

((a★b)★c)★d、(a★b)★(c★d)、(a★(b★c))★d、a★((b★c)★d)、a★(b★(c★d))

给出的四个数字,n1n2n3n4,有4*3*2=24种全排列的方法

2. 相关函数

/// <summary>
/// 判断abcd四个数进行任意四则运算后能不能得出24,每个数字只能用一次
/// </summary>
/// <param name="a">数字a</param>
/// <param name="b">数字b</param>
/// <param name="c">数字c</param>
/// <param name="d">数字d</param>
/// <param name="expression"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static bool try24(int a, int b, int c, int d, ref string expression)
{
 //a字头
 if (tryeach(a, b, c, d, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(a, b, d, c, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(a, c, b, d, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(a, c, d, b, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(a, d, b, c, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(a, d, c, b, ref expression)) return true;
 //b字头
 if (tryeach(b, a, c, d, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(b, a, d, c, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(b, c, a, d, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(b, c, d, a, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(b, d, a, c, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(b, d, c, a, ref expression)) return true;
 //c字头
 if (tryeach(c, a, b, d, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(c, a, d, b, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(c, b, a, c, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(c, b, c, a, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(c, d, a, b, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(c, d, b, a, ref expression)) return true;
 //d字头
 if (tryeach(d, a, b, c, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(d, a, c, b, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(d, b, a, c, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(d, b, c, a, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(d, c, a, b, ref expression)) return true;
 if (tryeach(d, c, b, a, ref expression)) return true;
 return false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 判断指定顺序的四个数abcd进行任意四则运算后能不能得出24,每个数字只能用一次
/// </summary>
/// <param name="a">数字1</param>
/// <param name="b">数字2</param>
/// <param name="c">数字3</param>
/// <param name="d">数字4</param>
/// <param name="expression"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static bool tryeach(int a, int b, int c, int d, ref string expression)
{
 expression = "";
 //两个数可以做6种运算:加、减、被减、乘以、除以、除
 //四个数共可以进行6*6*6=216种不同次序的四则运算
 //初始化数组
 for (int i = 0; i < 6 * 6 * 6; i++)
 {
  //a与b间的运算符:i / 36
  //b与c间的运算符:i % 36 / 6
  //c与d间的运算符:i % 6
  //1.运算顺序:a和b,再和c,再和d
  {
   string expression1 = "", expression2 = "";
   int temp1 = resultof(a, b, i / 36, ref expression1);
   int temp2 = resultof(temp1, c, i % 36 / 6, ref expression2, expression1);
   int result = resultof(temp2, d, i % 6, ref expression, expression2);
   if (result == 24) return true;
  }
  //2.运算顺序:a和b,c和d,前面部分和后面部分
  {
   string expression1 = "", expression2 = "";
   int temp1 = resultof(a, b, i / 36, ref expression1);
   int temp2 = resultof(c, d, i % 6, ref expression2);
   int result = resultof(temp1, temp2, i % 36 / 6,
    ref expression, expression1, expression2);
   if (result == 24) return true;
  }
  //3.运算顺序:b和c运算,再与a运算,再与d运算
  {
   string expression1 = "", expression2 = "";
   int temp1 = resultof(b, c, i % 36 / 6, ref expression1);
   int temp2 = resultof(a, temp1, i / 36, ref expression2, "", expression1);
   int result = resultof(temp2, d, i % 6, ref expression, expression2);
   if (result == 24) return true;
  }
  //4.运算顺序:b和c运算,再与d运算,再与a运算
  {
   string expression1 = "", expression2 = "";
   int temp1 = resultof(b, c, i % 36 / 6, ref expression1);
   int temp2 = resultof(temp1, d, i % 6, ref expression2, expression1);
   int result = resultof(a, temp2, i / 36, ref expression, "", expression2);
   if (result == 24) return true;
  }
  //5.运算顺序:c和d运算,再和b运算,再和a运算
  {
   string expression1 = "", expression2 = "";
   int temp1 = resultof(c, d, i % 6, ref expression1);
   int temp2 = resultof(b, temp1, i % 36 / 6, ref expression2, "", expression1);
   int result = resultof(a, temp2, i / 36, ref expression, "", expression2);
   if (result == 24) return true;
  }
 }
 expression = "abandoned";
 return false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 求两数进行某一四则运算后的结果
/// </summary>
/// <param name="x">数字1</param>
/// <param name="y">数字2</param>
/// <param name="method">(0-5分别代表:加、减、被减、乘以、除以、除)</param>
/// <param name="expression">返回的表达式</param>
/// <param name="expressionleft">数字1表达式</param>
/// <param name="expressionright">数字2表达式</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static int resultof(int x, int y, int method,
 ref string expression, string expressionleft = "", string expressionright = "")
{
 //左右表达式之前被判定为无效则不计算,除数为0时不计算
 if (expressionleft == "abandoned" || expressionright == "abandoned" ||
  (x == 0 && method == 5) || (y == 0 && method == 4))
 {
  expression = "abandoned";
  return -1;
 }
 int result = 0;
 switch (method)
 {
  case 0:
   {
    //加
    result = x + y;
    expression = string.format("{0}+{1}",
     expressionleft == "" ? x.tostring() : expressionleft,
     expressionright == "" ? y.tostring() : expressionright);
   }
   break;
  case 1:
   {
    //减
    result = x - y;
    expression = string.format("{0}-{1}",
     expressionleft == "" ? x.tostring() : expressionleft,
     expressionright == "" ? y.tostring() : expressionright);
   }
   break;
  case 2:
   {
    //被减
    result = y - x;
    expression = string.format("{1}-{0}",
     expressionleft == "" ? x.tostring() : expressionleft,
     expressionright == "" ? y.tostring() : expressionright);
   }
   break;
  case 3:
   {
    //乘以
    result = x * y;
    expression = string.format("({0})*({1})",
     expressionleft == "" ? x.tostring() : expressionleft,
     expressionright == "" ? y.tostring() : expressionright);
   }
   break;
  case 4:
   {
    //除以
    if (x % y == 0)
    {
     result = x / y;
     expression = string.format("({0})/({1})",
      expressionleft == "" ? x.tostring() : expressionleft,
      expressionright == "" ? y.tostring() : expressionright);
    }
    else
    {
     expression = "abandoned";
    }
   }
   break;
  case 5:
   {
    //除
    if (y % x == 0)
    {
     result = y / x;
     expression = string.format("({1})/({0})",
      expressionleft == "" ? x.tostring() : expressionleft,
      expressionright == "" ? y.tostring() : expressionright);
    }
    else
    {
     expression = "abandoned";
    }
   }
   break;
 }
 //运算不合法,则返回-1,表达式为abandoned,
 if (expression == "abandoned")
 {
  return -1;
 }
 return result;
}

3. main函数调用

static void main(string[] args)
{
 string s = "";
 bool try24;
 try24 = try24(1, 2, 3, 4, ref s); console.writeline("1,2,3,4: " + s);
 try24 = try24(1, 3, 5, 7, ref s); console.writeline("1,3,5,7: " + s);
 try24 = try24(2, 3, 6, 4, ref s); console.writeline("2,3,6,4: " + s);
 try24 = try24(5, 7, 9, 4, ref s); console.writeline("5,7,9,4: " + s);
 try24 = try24(6, 3, 4, 5, ref s); console.writeline("6,3,4,5: " + s);
 try24 = try24(9, 5, 2, 7, ref s); console.writeline("9,5,2,7: " + s);
 try24 = try24(4, 9, 8, 3, ref s); console.writeline("4,9,8,3: " + s);
 try24 = try24(4, 9, 8, 2, ref s); console.writeline("4,9,8,2: " + s);
 try24 = try24(10, 10, 10, 10, ref s); console.writeline("10,10,10,10: " + s);
 console.readline();
}

4. 程序运行结果:

C#实现的24点游戏实例详解

希望本文所述对大家的c#程序设计有所帮助。