Android编程实现读取手机联系人、拨号、发送短信及长按菜单操作方法实例小结

本文实例讲述了android编程实现读取手机联系人、拨号、发送短信及长按菜单操作方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

1.andrid项目结构图↓主要操作图中红色方框内的文件。

2.首先布局代码如下

a, main.xml 程序运行的主界面，主要用listview列表控件展示手机联系人

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@drawable/bg"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<listview
android:id="@+id/listview"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_marginleft="5dip"
android:cachecolorhint="#00000000"
android:divider="@drawable/divider_horizontal_bright"
android:paddingright="5dip" >
</listview>
</linearlayout>

b.list_item.xml listview的列表项布局文件，相当于展示模版

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<imageview
android:id="@+id/imgview"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:contentdescription="@string/photo"
android:paddingright="2dip" />
<textview
android:id="@+id/name"
android:layout_width="80dip"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginleft="10dip"
android:paddingtop="8dip"
android:singleline="false"
android:textappearance="?android:attr/textappearancemedium"
android:textcolor="#ffffff" />
<textview
android:id="@+id/number"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginright="6dip"
android:paddingtop="8dip"
android:singleline="false"
android:textcolor="#ffffff"
android:textappearance="?android:attr/textappearancemedium"/>
</linearlayout>

c,phonedetails.xml 长按菜单显示联系人详细布局界面，示例只做了跳转展示

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<textview
android:id="@+id/ymw"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textappearance="?android:attr/textappearancemedium"/>
</linearlayout>

2.java实现代码如下

a，mainactivity.java 程序运行的入口文件

package com.example.myandroid;
import java.util.arraylist;
import java.util.hashmap;
import java.util.iterator;
import android.app.activity;
import android.content.contentresolver;
import android.content.intent;
import android.database.cursor;
import android.net.uri;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.provider.contactscontract;
import android.provider.contactscontract.commondatakinds;
import android.view.contextmenu;
import android.view.contextmenu.contextmenuinfo;
import android.view.menuitem;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.view.oncreatecontextmenulistener;
import android.widget.adapterview;
import android.widget.adapterview.onitemclicklistener;
import android.widget.listview;
import android.widget.simpleadapter;
import android.widget.toast;
import com.ymw.details.detail;
public class mainactivity extends activity {
@override
public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.main);
final listview listview = (listview) findviewbyid(r.id.listview);
// 生成动态数组，加入数据
arraylist<hashmap<string, object>> listitem = fillmaps();
simpleadapter listitemadapter = new simpleadapter(this, listitem,
r.layout.list_item,
new string[] { "imgview", "name", "number" }, new int[] {
r.id.imgview, r.id.name, r.id.number });
listview.setadapter(listitemadapter);
// 添加单击事件
listview.setonitemclicklistener(new onitemclicklistener() {
@override
public void onitemclick(adapterview<?> arg0, view arg1, int arg2,
long arg3) {
hashmap<string, string> map = (hashmap<string, string>) listview
.getitematposition(arg2);
string name = map.get("name");
toast toast = toast.maketext(getapplicationcontext(), "第"
+ arg2 + "项" + name, toast.length_long);
toast.show();
string phonenum = map.get("number");
intent intent = new intent(intent.action_call, uri.parse("tel:"
+ phonenum));
startactivity(intent);
}
});
// 添加长按菜单
listview.setoncreatecontextmenulistener(new oncreatecontextmenulistener() {
public void oncreatecontextmenu(contextmenu menu, view v,
contextmenuinfo menuinfo) {
menu.setheadertitle("长按菜单-contextmenu");
menu.add(0, 0, 0, "查看详细");
menu.add(0, 1, 0, "发送信息");
menu.add(0, 2, 0, "删除联系人");
}
});
}
public boolean oncontextitemselected(menuitem item) {
// settitle("点击了长按菜单里面的第"+item.getitemid()+"个项目");
toast.maketext(getapplicationcontext(),
"选择了" + item.getitemid() + item.gettitle() + "项",
toast.length_long).show();
int id = item.getitemid();
// 查看详细
if (id == 0) {
intent intent = new intent();
intent.putextra("ymw", item.gettitle());
intent.setclass(mainactivity.this, detail.class);
startactivity(intent);
}
// 发送短信
else if (id == 1) {
uri uri = uri.parse("smsto://18664599745");
intent intent = new intent(intent.action_sendto, uri);
intent.putextra("sms_body", "ymw-love-yh");
startactivity(intent);
}
// 删除联系人
else if (id == 2) {
}
return super.oncontextitemselected(item);
}
// 获取手机联系人列表方法一
public arraylist<hashmap<string, object>> getcontects() {
arraylist<hashmap<string, object>> list = new arraylist<hashmap<string, object>>();
cursor cursor = getcontentresolver().query(
contactscontract.contacts.content_uri,
null,
null,
null,
contactscontract.contacts.display_name
+ " collate localized asc");
if (cursor.movetofirst()) {
int idcolumn = cursor.getcolumnindex(contactscontract.contacts._id);
int namecolum = cursor
.getcolumnindex(contactscontract.contacts.display_name);
do {
string contactid = cursor.getstring(idcolumn);
string displaynamestring = cursor.getstring(namecolum);
// 查看有多少电话号码 没有则返回为0
int phonecount = cursor
.getint(cursor
.getcolumnindex(contactscontract.contacts.has_phone_number));
if (phonecount > 0) {
// 获得联系人的电话号码
cursor phones = getcontentresolver().query(
contactscontract.commondatakinds.phone.content_uri,
null,
contactscontract.commondatakinds.phone.contact_id
+ "=" + contactid, null, null);
hashmap<string, object> map = new hashmap<string, object>();
map.put("imgview", r.drawable.ic_launcher);
map.put("name", displaynamestring);
list.add(map);
}
} while (cursor.movetonext());
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
}
return list;
}
// 获取联系人方法二
public arraylist<hashmap<string, object>> fillmaps() {
arraylist<hashmap<string, object>> items = new arraylist<hashmap<string, object>>();
contentresolver cr = getcontentresolver();
hashmap<string, arraylist<string>> hashmap = new hashmap<string, arraylist<string>>();
cursor phone = cr.query(commondatakinds.phone.content_uri,
new string[] { commondatakinds.phone.contact_id,
commondatakinds.phone.display_name,
commondatakinds.phone.number,
commondatakinds.phone.data1
// commondatakinds.structuredpostal.data3,
}, null, null, null);
while (phone.movetonext()) {
string contactid = phone.getstring(phone
.getcolumnindex(commondatakinds.phone.contact_id));
string displayname = phone.getstring(phone
.getcolumnindex(commondatakinds.phone.display_name));
string phonenumber = phone
.getstring(phone
.getcolumnindex(contactscontract.commondatakinds.phone.number));
string address = phone.getstring(phone
.getcolumnindex(commondatakinds.phone.data1));
// 以contactid为主键，把同一人的所有电话都存到一起。
arraylist<string> ad = hashmap.get(contactid);
if (ad == null) {
ad = new arraylist<string>();
ad.add(displayname);
ad.add(phonenumber);
// ad.add(address);
hashmap.put(contactid, ad);
} else {
ad.add(phonenumber);
}
}
phone.close();
arraylist<string> tmplist;
string tmpstr = "";
int k;
iterator iter = hashmap.entryset().iterator();
while (iter.hasnext()) {
hashmap.entry entry = (hashmap.entry) iter.next();
object key = entry.getkey();
object val = entry.getvalue();
tmplist = (arraylist) val;
tmpstr = "";
for (k = 1; k < tmplist.size(); k++) {
tmpstr = tmpstr + tmplist.get(k) + ',';
}
tmpstr = getstring(tmpstr);
hashmap<string, object> tmpmap = new hashmap<string, object>();
tmpmap.put("name", tmplist.get(0));
tmpmap.put("number", tmpstr);
tmpmap.put("imgview", r.drawable.ic_launcher);
items.add(tmpmap);
}
return items;
}
private string getstring(string str) {
string strlast = "";
int i = str.lastindexof(",");
if (i > 0) {
strlast = str.substring(0, str.length() - 1);
}
return strlast.replace(" ", "").replace(",", "\n").replace("+86", "");
}
}

b,detail.java 主界面长按菜单显示联系人详细的跳转界面，接受主界面传来的参数

package com.ymw.details;
import com.example.myandroid.r;
import android.app.activity;
import android.content.intent;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.widget.textview;
public class detail extends activity {
@override
protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
// todo auto-generated method stub
super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(com.example.myandroid.r.layout.phonedetails);
intent intent = getintent();
string strpara = intent.getstringextra("ymw");
textview tview = (textview) findviewbyid(r.id.ymw);
tview.settext(strpara);
}
}

3.获取手机联系人和拨号发短信等需要配置权限

在androidmanifest.xml文件中的application节点上加入如下代码

<!--添加权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.send_sms"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.call_phone"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.read_contacts"/>

4.使用android模拟器或连接android智能手机运行本程序可以看到手机联系人列表，

单击某个联系人会直接拨号，长按某个联系人会出现菜单选项，可以选择发送短信。

希望本文所述对大家android程序设计有所帮助。