CentOS 7.4 64位安装配置MySQL8.0的详细步骤
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2023-11-27 14:57:52
第一步：获取mysql yum源
进入mysql官网获取rpm包下载地址
点击下载
获取到下载链接：
-----------------------...
第一步：获取mysql yum源
进入mysql官网获取rpm包下载地址
点击下载
获取到下载链接：
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
第二步：下载和安装mysql源
•进入mysql文件夹，没有的自行创建
[root@vm_0_10_centos /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]#
•下载源安装包
[root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm --2018-08-04 10:29:39-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.219.33.198 connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443... connected. http request sent, awaiting response... 200 ok length: 25820 (25k) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] saving to: ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm' 100%[==========================================================================>] 25,820 112kb/s in 0.2s 2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 kb/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm' saved [25820/25820] [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# ll total 28 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25820 apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]#
•安装mysql源
[root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
第三步：在线安装mysql
[root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
下载东西比较多，等几分钟。
第四步：启动mysql服务
[root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
第五步：设置开机启动
[root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload
第六步：修改root本地登录密码
mysql安装完成之后，在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个临时的默认密码。用grep命令搜一下
[root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# grep "a temporary password is generated for root@localhost" /var/log/mysqld.log 2018-08-02t02:19:55.829527z 5 [note] [my-010454] [server] a temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !j:kuwu9y0zr 2018-08-02t04:49:34.979689z 5 [note] [my-010454] [server] a temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw</s9,wivm2 2018-08-04t02:40:46.781768z 5 [note] [my-010454] [server] a temporary password is generated for root@localhost: nnyk,y)wd0-g [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]#
这里有三条搜索结果，因为我重复装了3次mysql，如果第一次安装是只会有一条的。
直接拿到临时默认密码 : nnyk,y)wd0-g
•登录mysql
[root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# mysql -uroot -p enter password: welcome to the mysql monitor. commands end with ; or \g. your mysql connection id is 8 server version: 8.0.12 copyright (c) 2000, 2018, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved. oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and/or its affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
•更改root账户临时密码
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'pwd123@easyoh.net'; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql>
pwd123@easyoh.net 请替换成你自己的密码。
(备注 mysql8.0默认密码策略要求密码必须是大小写字母数字特殊字母的组合，至少8位)
第七步：创建新用户、授权、远程登录（不要直接使用root账户登录）
•创建easyoh-mp用户并且授权远程登录
mysql> create user 'easyoh-mp'@'%' identified by 'pwd123@easyoh.net'; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> grant all on *.* to 'easyoh-mp'@'%'; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql>
•在sqlyog客户端用easyoh-mp账户登录（其他客户端也可以，随意）
发现会报plugin caching_sha2_password错误。这是因为mysql8.0密码策略默认为caching_sha2_password。与5.7有所不同。
•进入mysql数据库查询user表信息
mysql> use mysql; database changed mysql> select user,host,plugin from user; +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | user | host | plugin | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | easyoh-mp | % | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | root | localhost | caching_sha2_password | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
发现确实是caching_sha2_password
•依次执行下面语句
mysql> alter user 'easyoh-mp'@'%' identified by 'pwd123@easyoh.net' password expire never; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> alter user 'easyoh-mp'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'pwd123@easyoh.net'; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> flush privileges; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql>
再次登录就可以登录成功了。
第8步：编码
mysql> show variables like '%character%'; +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | variable_name | value | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8mb4 | | character_set_connection | utf8mb4 | | character_set_database | utf8mb4 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8mb4 | | character_set_server | utf8mb4 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql>
mysql8.0默认就是utf8mb4编码，无需更改。
ok 至此 mysql安装配置完毕；
全流程操作记录
[root@vm_0_10_centos ~]# [root@vm_0_10_centos /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm --2018-08-04 10:29:39-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.219.33.198 connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443... connected. http request sent, awaiting response... 200 ok length: 25820 (25k) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] saving to: ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm' 100%[==========================================================================>] 25,820 112kb/s in 0.2s 2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 kb/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm' saved [25820/25820] [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# ll total 28 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25820 apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks examining mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm: mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch marking mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm to be installed resolving dependencies --> running transaction check ---> package mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1 will be installed --> finished dependency resolution dependencies resolved ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= package arch version repository size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= installing: mysql80-community-release noarch el7-1 /mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch 31 k transaction summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= install 1 package total size: 31 k installed size: 31 k downloading packages: running transaction check running transaction test transaction test succeeded running transaction warning: rpmdb altered outside of yum. installing : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch 1/1 verifying : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch 1/1 installed: mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1 complete! [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile epel 12641/12641 resolving dependencies --> running transaction check ---> package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed --> processing dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.12-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 --> processing dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 --> running transaction check ---> package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed --> processing dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 ---> package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed --> running transaction check ---> package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed --> finished dependency resolution dependencies resolved ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= package arch version repository size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= installing: mysql-community-server x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 349 m installing for dependencies: mysql-community-client x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 26 m mysql-community-common x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 541 k mysql-community-libs x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 2.2 m transaction summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= install 1 package (+3 dependent packages) total download size: 377 m installed size: 1.7 g downloading packages: (1/4): mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 541 kb 00:00:05 (2/4): mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 26 mb 00:00:12 (3/4): mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 349 mb 00:02:26 (4/4): mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.2 mb 00:03:37 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- total 1.7 mb/s | 377 mb 00:03:43 running transaction check running transaction test transaction test succeeded running transaction installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 1/4 installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 2/4 installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 3/4 installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 4/4 verifying : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 1/4 verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 2/4 verifying : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 3/4 verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 4/4 installed: mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 dependency installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 complete! [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# grep "a temporary password is generated for root@localhost" /var/log/mysqld.log 2018-08-02t02:19:55.829527z 5 [note] [my-010454] [server] a temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !j:kuwu9y0zr 2018-08-02t04:49:34.979689z 5 [note] [my-010454] [server] a temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw</s9,wivm2 2018-08-04t02:40:46.781768z 5 [note] [my-010454] [server] a temporary password is generated for root@localhost: nnyk,y)wd0-g [root@vm_0_10_centos mysql]# mysql -uroot -p enter password: welcome to the mysql monitor. commands end with ; or \g. your mysql connection id is 8 server version: 8.0.12 copyright (c) 2000, 2018, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved. oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and/or its affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'pwd123@easyoh.net'; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> create user 'easyoh-mp'@'%' identified by 'pwd123@easyoh.net'; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> grant all on *.* to 'easyoh-mp'@'%'; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> use mysql; database changed mysql> select user,host,plugin from user; +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | user | host | plugin | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | easyoh-mp | % | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | root | localhost | caching_sha2_password | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> alter user 'easyoh-mp'@'%' identified by 'pwd123@easyoh.net' password expire never; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> alter user 'easyoh-mp'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'pwd123@easyoh.net'; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> flush privileges; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show variables like '%character%'; +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | variable_name | value | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8mb4 | | character_set_connection | utf8mb4 | | character_set_database | utf8mb4 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8mb4 | | character_set_server | utf8mb4 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
这里有个问题，新密码设置的时候如果设置的过于简单会报错：
原因是因为mysql有密码设置的规范，具体是与validate_password_policy的值有关：
mysql完整的初始密码规则可以通过如下命令查看：
mysql> show variables like 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+-------+ | variable_name | value | +--------------------------------------+-------+ | validate_password_check_user_name | off | | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 4 | | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password_number_count | 1 | | validate_password_policy | low | | validate_password_special_char_count | 1 | +--------------------------------------+-------+ 7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
密码的长度是由validate_password_length决定的，而validate_password_length的计算公式是：
validate_password_length = validate_password_number_count + validate_password_special_char_count + (2 * validate_password_mixed_case_count)
我的是已经修改过的，初始情况下第一个的值是on，validate_password_length是8。可以通过如下命令修改：
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0; mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的centos 7.4 64位安装配置mysql8.0的详细步骤，希望对大家有所帮助
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