hbase常用命令及使用方法（查看hbase表结构的命令）

首先通过docker安装hbase

docker search hbase docker pull harisekhon/hbase

启动hbase镜像

docker run -d -p 2181:2181 -p 8080:8080 -p 8085:8085 -p 9090:9090 -p 9095:9095 -p 16000:16000 -p 16010:16010 -p 16201:16201 -p 16301:16301 -p 16030:16030 -p 16020:16020 --name hbase001 harisekhon/hbase

访问hbase

访问localhost:16010

hbase命令行操作

docker exec -it hbase001 bash hbase shell

如上命令操作之后我们就进入了hbase的命令行操作模式：

下面，我们创建一个namespace为default，表名为test，列族column family为cf的表： create ‘test’,’cf’ 通过list命令可以查看所有的表：list

• 删除表：先disable,再drop

disable 'test' 
drop 'test'

• 新增数据操作

put 'test','1','cf:name','flume'
put 'test','1','cf:age','18'
put 'test','2','cf:name','hbase'
put 'test','2','cf:age','20'
put 'test','3','cf:name','hadoop'
put 'test','3','cf:age','22'
put 'test','11','cf:name','spark'
put 'test','11','cf:age','24'
put 'test','21','cf:name','hive'
put 'test','21','cf:age','30'

• 删除数据操作

deleteall 'test','3';   -- 删除该rowkey下的所有数据
delete 'test','3','cf:name' -- 删除某一cell的数据

• 查看数据

hbase中有两个用于查看数据的命令：
1. scan 命令，用于查看某个表的全部数据；
2. get 命令，用于查看表的某一行数据

• 修改数据同样也是put操作

比如将行键为 2015003 的学生 age 改为 25：put 'student','2015003','age','25'

如上是命令行的一些基本操作，详细操作可以查看官网：

http://abloz.com/hbase/book.html

下面是通过java api的方式操作hbase

• 添加maven依赖

<dependency>
    <groupid>org.apache.hbase</groupid>
    <artifactid>hbase-client</artifactid>
    <version>2.1.3</version>
</dependency>

测试工具栏如下：

package com.example.redisiondemo.utils;


import org.apache.hadoop.conf.configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.bytes;

import java.io.ioexception;
import java.util.arraylist;
import java.util.list;

public class hbasetest {
    private static admin admin;

    private static final string columns_family_1 = "cf1";
    private static final string columns_family_2 = "cf2";

    public static connection inithbase() throws ioexception {
        configuration configuration = hbaseconfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "127.0.0.1");
        configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientport", "2181");
        configuration.set("hbase.master", "127.0.0.1:16010");
        connection connection = connectionfactory.createconnection(configuration);
        return connection;
    }
//创建表 create
    public static void createtable(tablename tablename, string[] cols) throws ioexception {
        admin = inithbase().getadmin();
        if (admin.tableexists(tablename)) {
            system.out.println("table already exists！");
        } else {
            htabledescriptor htabledescriptor = new htabledescriptor(tablename);
            for (string col : cols) {
                hcolumndescriptor hcolumndescriptor = new hcolumndescriptor(col);
                htabledescriptor.addfamily(hcolumndescriptor);
            }
            admin.createtable(htabledescriptor);
            system.out.println("table create successful");
        }
    }

    public static tablename gettbname(string tablename) {
        return tablename.valueof(tablename);
    }
    // 删除表 drop
    public static void deletetable(tablename tablename) throws ioexception {
        admin = inithbase().getadmin();
        if (admin.tableexists(tablename)) {
            admin.disabletable(tablename);
            admin.deletetable(tablename);
            system.out.println("table delete successful");
        } else {
            system.out.println("table does not exist!");
        }

    }
 //put 插入数据
    public static void insertdata(tablename tablename, student student) throws ioexception {
        put put = new put(bytes.tobytes(student.getid()));
        put.addcolumn(bytes.tobytes(columns_family_1), bytes.tobytes("name"), bytes.tobytes(student.getname()));
        put.addcolumn(bytes.tobytes(columns_family_1), bytes.tobytes("age"), bytes.tobytes(student.getage()));
        inithbase().gettable(tablename).put(put);
        system.out.println("data insert success:" + student.tostring());
    }

    // delete 删除数据
    public static void deletedata(tablename tablename, string rowkey) throws ioexception {
        delete delete = new delete(bytes.tobytes(rowkey));      // 指定rowkey
//        delete = delete.addcolumn(bytes.tobytes(columns_family_1), bytes.tobytes("name"));  // 指定column，也可以不指定，删除该rowkey的所有column
        inithbase().gettable(tablename).delete(delete);
        system.out.println("delete success");
    }

    // scan数据
    public static list<student> allscan(tablename tablename) throws ioexception {
        resultscanner results = inithbase().gettable(tablename).getscanner(new scan().addfamily(bytes.tobytes("cf1")));
        list<string> list = new arraylist<>();
        for (result result : results) {
            student student = new student();
            for (cell cell : result.rawcells()) {
                string colname = bytes.tostring(cell.getqualifierarray(), cell.getqualifieroffset(), cell.getqualifierlength());
                string value = bytes.tostring(cell.getvaluearray(), cell.getvalueoffset(), cell.getvaluelength());
            }

        }
        return null;
    }
    // 根据rowkey get数据
    public static student singleget(tablename tablename, string rowkey) throws ioexception {
        student student = new student();
        student.setid(rowkey);
        get get = new get(bytes.tobytes(rowkey));
        if (!get.ischeckexistenceonly()) {
            result result = inithbase().gettable(tablename).get(get);
            for (cell cell : result.rawcells()) {
                string colname = bytes.tostring(cell.getqualifierarray(), cell.getqualifieroffset(), cell.getqualifierlength());
                string value = bytes.tostring(cell.getvaluearray(), cell.getvalueoffset(), cell.getvaluelength());
                switch (colname) {
                    case "name":
                        student.setname(value);
                        break;
                    case "age":
                        student.setage(value);
                        break;
                    default:
                        system.out.println("unknown columns");
                }

            }

        }
        system.out.println(student.tostring());
        return student;
    }
    // 查询指定cell数据
    public static string getcell(tablename tablename, string rowkey, string cf, string column) throws ioexception {
        get get = new get(bytes.tobytes(rowkey));
        string rst = null;
        if (!get.ischeckexistenceonly()) {
            get = get.addcolumn(bytes.tobytes(cf), bytes.tobytes(column));
            try {

                result result = inithbase().gettable(tablename).get(get);
                byte[] resbyte = result.getvalue(bytes.tobytes(cf), bytes.tobytes(column));
                rst = bytes.tostring(resbyte);
            } catch (exception exception) {
                system.out.printf("columnfamily or column does not exists");
            }

        }
        system.out.println("value is: " + rst);
        return rst;
    }

    public static void main(string[] args) throws ioexception{
        student student = new student();
        student.setid("1");
        student.setname("hzp");
        student.setage("18");
        string table = "student";

      //  createtable(gettbname(table), new string[]{columns_family_1, columns_family_2});
    //   deletetable(gettbname(table));
          insertdata(gettbname(table), student);
//       deletedata(gettbname(table), "1");
      //  singleget(gettbname(table), "2");
    //    getcell(gettbname(table), "1", "cf1", "name");
    }
}

student实体
package com.example.redisiondemo.utils;

public class student {
    private string id;
    private string name;
    private string age;

    public string getid() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setid(string id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public string getname() {
        return name;
    }

    @override
    public string tostring() {
        return "student{" +
                "id='" + id + ''' +
                ", name='" + name + ''' +
                ", age='" + age + ''' +
                '}';
    }

    public void setname(string name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public string getage() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setage(string age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}