Python 时间常用函数及结构
class time.struct_time 定义
the type of the time value sequence returned by gmtime(), localtime(), and strptime(). it is an object with a named tuple interface: values can be accessed by index and by attribute name. the following values are present:
index | attribute values
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0 | tm_year (for example, 1993)
1 | tm_mon range [1, 12]
2 | tm_mday range [1, 31]
3 | tm_hour range [0, 23]
4 | tm_min range [0, 59]
5 | tm_sec range [0, 61]; see (2) in strftime() description
6 | tm_wday range [0, 6], monday is 0
7 | tm_yday range [1, 366]
8 | tm_isdst 0, 1 or -1; see below
n/a | tm_zone abbreviation of timezone name
n/a | tm_gmtoff offset east of utc in seconds
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time.time()
return the time in seconds since the epoch as a floating point number
time.gmtime([secs]) 0时区的时间
convert a time expressed in seconds since the epoch to a struct_time in utc in which the dst flag is always zero. if secs is not provided or none, the current time as returned by time() is used. fractions of a second are ignored.
time.localtime([secs]) 本地时间
like gmtime() but converts to local time. if secs is not provided or none, the current time as returned by time() is used. the dst flag is set to 1 when dst applies to the given time.
time.mktime(t) 与localtime()的功能恰好相反
this is the inverse function of localtime()
time.sleep(secs)
suspend execution for the given number of seconds
time.strftime(format[, t])
convert a tuple or struct_time representing a time as returned by gmtime() or localtime() to a string as specified by the format argument. if t is not provided, the current time as returned by localtime() is used. format must be a string. valueerror is raised if any field in t is outside of the allowed range.
directive meaning
notes
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%a locale’s abbreviated weekday name.
%a locale’s full weekday name.
%b locale’s abbreviated month name.
%b locale’s full month name.
%c locale’s appropriate date and time representation.
%d day of the month as a decimal number [01,31].
%h hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number [00,23].
%i hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number [01,12].
%j day of the year as a decimal number [001,366].
%m month as a decimal number [01,12].
%m minute as a decimal number [00,59].
%p locale’s equivalent of either am or pm.
(1)
%s second as a decimal number [00,61]. (2)
%u week number of the year (sunday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number [00,53]. all days in a new year preceding the first sunday are considered to be in week 0.
(3)
%w weekday as a decimal number [0(sunday),6].
%w week number of the year (monday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number [00,53]. all days in a new year preceding the first monday are considered to be in week 0.
(3)
%x locale’s appropriate date representation.
%x locale’s appropriate time representation.
%y year without century as a decimal number [00,99].
%y year with century as a decimal number.
%z time zone offset indicating a positive or negative time difference from utc/gmt of the form +hhmm or -hhmm, where h represents decimal hour digits and m represents decimal minute digits [-23:59, +23:59].
%z time zone name (no characters if no time zone exists).
%% a literal '%' character.
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time.ctime()
返回固定格式的本地时间
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