Python部署管理工具fabric

fabric是个轻量级的远程维护工具，当然是结合python来使用，先看介绍：
fabric is a python (2.5 or higher) library and command-line tool for streamlining the use of ssh for application deployment or systems administration tasks.
不过需要注意的是fabric只支持2.5以后python，然而rhl5默认的是2.4.3，因此需要首先升级先python。
升级之前是2.4.3：
[root@gtlionsdev ~]# python -v
python 2.4.3

[root@gtlionsdev ~]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.3/python-2.7.3.tar.bz2
--2012-09-27 15:47:23--  https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.3/python-2.7.3.tar.bz2
正在解析主机 www.python.org... 82.94.164.162, 2001:888:2000:d::a2
connecting to www.python.org|82.94.164.162|:80... 已连接。
已发出 http 请求，正在等待回应... 200 ok
长度：11793433 (11m) [application/x-bzip2]
saving to: `python-2.7.3.tar.bz2'

100%[=====================================================================================================================================================>] 11,793,433   381k/s   in 26s    

2012-09-27 15:47:55 (451 kb/s) - `python-2.7.3.tar.bz2' saved [11793433/11793433]
[root@gtlionsdev ~]# tar -jxf python-2.7.3.tar.bz2
[root@gtlionsdev ~]# cd python-2.7.3
[root@gtlionsdev python-2.7.3]# ./configure
checking for --enable-universalsdk... no
checking for --with-universal-archs... 32-bit
checking machdep... linux2
checking extraplatdir...
checking machine type as reported by uname -m... x86_64
checking for --without-gcc... no
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the c compiler works... yes
checking for c compiler default output file name... a.out
..........
..........
checking for build directories... done
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating makefile.pre
config.status: creating modules/setup.config
config.status: creating misc/python.pc
config.status: creating modules/ld_so_aix
config.status: creating pyconfig.h
creating modules/setup
creating modules/setup.local
creating makefile
[root@gtlionsdev python-2.7.3]# make
gcc -pthread -c -fno-strict-aliasing -g -o2 -dndebug -g -fwrapv -o3 -wall -wstrict-prototypes  -i. -iinclude -i./include   -dpy_build_core -o modules/python.o ./modules/python.c
gcc -pthread -c -fno-strict-aliasing -g -o2 -dndebug -g -fwrapv -o3 -wall -wstrict-prototypes  -i. -iinclude -i./include   -dpy_build_core -o parser/acceler.o parser/acceler.c
..........
漫长的make过程
漫长的make过程
..........
failed to build these modules:
readline                                             

running build_scripts
creating build/scripts-2.7
copying and adjusting /root/python-2.7.3/tools/scripts/pydoc -> build/scripts-2.7
copying and adjusting /root/python-2.7.3/tools/scripts/idle -> build/scripts-2.7
copying and adjusting /root/python-2.7.3/tools/scripts/2to3 -> build/scripts-2.7
copying and adjusting /root/python-2.7.3/lib/smtpd.py -> build/scripts-2.7
changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/pydoc from 644 to 755
changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/idle from 644 to 755
changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/2to3 from 644 to 755
changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/smtpd.py from 644 to 755
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./tools/gdb/libpython.py python-gdb.py
提示readline模块失败，囧，先跳过再说。
[root@gtlionsdev python-2.7.3]# make install
[root@gtlionsdev python-2.7.3]# /usr/local/bin/python2.7 -v
python 2.7.3
[root@gtlionsdev python-2.7.3]# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.4.3.bak
[root@gtlionsdev python-2.7.3]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python
[root@gtlionsdev python-2.7.3]# python -v
python 2.7.3
另外由于yum调用python，这个仍然需要使用2.4.3版本，因此需要修改下yum脚本：
[root@gtlionsdev python-2.7.3]# vim /usr/bin/yum
将首行的#!/usr/bin/python改成#!/usr/bin/python2.4，然后测试一下:
[root@gtlionsdev python-2.7.3]# yum list
[root@gtlionsdev python-2.7.3]# yum update
一切正常，ok。

然后接下来开始安装fabric，推荐使用pip来安装，pip是用来替代easy_install的不错的工具：
$ curl -o https://raw.github.com/pypa/virtualenv/master/virtualenv.py
$ python virtualenv.py my_new_env
$ . my_new_env/bin/activate
(my_new_env)$ pip install fabric

安装完成记得把环境变量包含/root/my_new_env/bin进path。
-the end-