git文件管理心得分享

untraked file 未跟踪的文件，通常为新建立的文件

traked file 通常为建立索引之后的文件

ignored 被忽略的文件，这类型的文件通常在一个文件列表中。维护这个列表的文件在版本库根目录名字为 .gitignore
初始化版本库，保证刚创建状态

huawei@desktop-jtc012c mingw64 ~/desktop/git-repo (master) 
$ ls 
hello 
huawei@desktop-jtc012c mingw64 ~/desktop/git-repo (master) 
$ ls -a 
./ ../ .git/ hello 
huawei@desktop-jtc012c mingw64 ~/desktop/git-repo (master) 
$ rm -rf .git/ hello 
huawei@desktop-jtc012c mingw64 ~/desktop/git-repo 
$ git init 
initialized empty git repository in c:/users/huawei/desktop/git-repo/.git/ 

创建文件查看文件类型，发现为untraked file未被跟踪的文件

huawei@desktop-jtc012c mingw64 ~/desktop/git-repo (master) 
$ echo "hello world" > hello 
huawei@desktop-jtc012c mingw64 ~/desktop/git-repo (master) 
$ git status 
on branch master 
no commits yet 
untracked files: 
 (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) 
  hello 
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track) 

被跟踪的文件通常为建立索引之后的文件，可以通过git ls-files -s查看。至于被忽略的文件可以看下面的演示，将文件名写入到.gitignore文件即可

huawei@desktop-jtc012c mingw64 ~/desktop/git-repo (master) 
$ git status 
on branch master 
nothing to commit, working tree clean 
huawei@desktop-jtc012c mingw64 ~/desktop/git-repo (master) 
$ echo "a" > a 
huawei@desktop-jtc012c mingw64 ~/desktop/git-repo (master) 
$ git status 
on branch master 
untracked files: 
 (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) 
  a 
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track) 
huawei@desktop-jtc012c mingw64 ~/desktop/git-repo (master) 
$ echo a >> .gitignore 
huawei@desktop-jtc012c mingw64 ~/desktop/git-repo (master) 
$ git status 
on branch master 
untracked files: 
 (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) 
  .gitignore 
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track) 

.gitignore文件语法

#开头的行用于注释

空行会被注释

目录名末尾用反斜线(/)标记

包含shell通配符，如*。例 debug/32bit/*.o

起始地感叹号用于取反模式