Shell脚本实现自动修改IP地址

作为一名linux sa，日常运维中很多地方都会用到脚本，而服务器的ip一般采用静态ip或者mac绑定，当然后者比较操作起来相对繁琐，而前者我们可以设置主机名、ip信息、网关等配置。修改成特定的主机名在维护和管理方面也比较方便。如下脚本用途为：修改ip和主机名等相关信息，可以根据实际需求修改，举一反三！

#!/bin/sh 
#auto change ip netmask gateway scripts 
#wugk 2012-12-17 
cat << eof 
++++++++自动修改ip和主机名等相关信息+++++++++ 
ethconf=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 
hosts=/etc/hosts 
network=/etc/sysconfig/network 
dir=/data/backup/`date +%y%m%d` 
netmask=255.255.255.0 
+++++++++-------------------------+++++++++++ 
eof 
#define path 定义变量，可以根据实际情况修改 
 
 ethconf=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 
 hosts=/etc/hosts 
 network=/etc/sysconfig/network 
 dir=/data/backup/`date +%y%m%d` 
 netmask=255.255.255.0 
 
echo "================================================" 
echo 
#定义change_ip函数 
function change_ip () 
{ 
#判断备份目录是否存在，中括号前后都有空格，！叹号在shell表示相反的意思# 
if 
 [ ! -d $dir ];then 
 
 mkdir -p $dir 
 
fi 
 
 echo "now change ip address ,doing backup interface eth0" 
 cp $ethconf $dir 
 
 grep "dhcp" $ethconf 
#如下$?用来判断上一次操作的状态，为0，表示上一次操作状态正确或者成功# 
if 
 
 [ $? -eq 0 ];then 
#read -p 交互输入变量ipaddr，注冒号后有空格，sed -i 修改配置文件# 
 read -p "please insert ip address:" ipaddr 
 sed -i 's/dhcp/static/g' $ethconf 
#awk -f. 意思是以.号为分隔域，打印前三列# 
 echo -e "ipaddr=$ipaddr\nnetmask=$netmask\ngateway=`echo $ipaddr|awk -f. '{print $1"."$2"."$3}'`.254" >>$ethconf 
 echo "this ip address change success !" 
 
else 
 
 echo -n "this $ethconf is static exist ,please ensure change yes or no": 
 read i 
 
fi 
 
if 
 [ "$i" == "y" -o "$i" == "yes" ];then 
 read -p "please insert ip address:" ipaddr 
 
 count=(`echo $ipaddr|awk -f. '{print $1,$2,$3,$4}'`) 
 #定义数组， ${#count[@]}代表获取变量值总个数# 
 a=${#count[@]} 
 #while条件语句判断，个数是否正确，不正确循环提示输入，也可以用[0-9]来判断ip# 
while 
 
 [ "$a" -ne "4" ] 
 
do 
 
 read -p "please re inster ip address,example 192.168.0.11 ip": ipaddr 
 count=(`echo $ipaddr|awk -f. '{print $1,$2,$3,$4}'`) 
 a=${#count[@]} 
 
done 
 #sed -e 可以连续修改多个参数# 
 sed -i -e 's/^ipaddr/#ipaddr/g' -e 's/^netmask/#netmask/g' -e 's/^gateway/#gateway/g' $ethconf 
 #echo -e \n为连续追加内容，并自动换行# 
 echo -e "ipaddr=$ipaddr\nnetmask=$netmask\ngateway=`echo $ipaddr|awk -f. '{print $1"."$2"."$3}'`.254" >>$ethconf 
 echo "this ip address change success !" 
else 
 echo "this $ethconf static exist,please exit" 
 exit $? 
 
fi 
 
} 
 
#定义hosts函数 
############function hosts############## 
function change_hosts () 
{ 
 
if 
 
 [ ! -d $dir ];then 
 mkdir -p $dir 
 
fi 
 
 cp $hosts $dir 
 read -p "please insert ip address": ipaddr 
 
 host=`echo $ipaddr|sed 's/\./-/g'` 
 cat $hosts |grep 127.0.0.1 |grep "$host" 
  
if 
 [ $? -ne 0 ];then 
 sed -i "s/127.0.0.1/127.0.0.1 $host/g" $hosts 
 echo "this hosts change success " 
 
else 
 echo "this $host is exist .........." 
 
fi 
 
}
 
###########fuction network############### 
#定义network函数 
function change_network () 
{ 
 if 
 
 [ ! -d $dir ];then 
 mkdir -p $dir 
 
 fi 
 cp $network $dir 
 read -p "please insert ip address": ipaddr 
 
 host=`echo $ipaddr|sed 's/\./-/g'` 
 grep "$host" $network 
 
 if 
 [ $? -ne 0 ];then 
 sed -i "s/^hostname/#hostname/g" $network 
 echo "network=$host" >>$network 
 
else 
 echo "this $host is exist .........." 
 
 fi 
 
} 
 
#ps3一般为菜单提示信息# 
 ps3="please select ip or hosts menu": 
#select为菜单选择命令，格式为select $var in ..command.. do .... done 
 select i in "change_ip" "change_hosts" "change_network" 
 
do 
#case 方式，一般用于多种条件下的判断 
case $i in 
  change_ip ) 
  change_ip 
;; 
  change_hosts ) 
  change_hosts 
;; 
  change_network ) 
  change_network 
;; 
  *) 
  echo 
  echo "please insert $0: change_ip(1)|change_hosts(2)|change_network(3)" 
  echo 
;; 
esac 
 
done