iOS毛玻璃效果的实现及图片模糊效果的三种方法

app设计时往往会用到一些模糊效果或者毛玻璃效果,ios目前已提供一些模糊api可以让我们方便是使用。

话说苹果在ios7.0之后,很多系统界面都使用了毛玻璃效果,增加了界面的美观性,比如下图的通知中心界面;

但是其ios7.0的sdk并没有提供给开发者实现毛玻璃效果的api,所以很多人都是通过一些别人封装的框架来实现,后面我也会讲到一个;

其实在ios7.0(包括)之前还是有系统的类可以实现毛玻璃效果的, 就是 uitoolbar这个类,并且使用相当简单,几行代码就可以搞定.

下面是代码实现:

创建一个uitoolbar实例,设置它的frame或者也可以通过添加约束

然后uitoolbar有一个属性:barstyle,设置对应的枚举值来呈现毛玻璃的样式,最后再添加到需要进行毛玻璃效果的view上即可.

/*
毛玻璃的样式(枚举)
uibarstyledefault = ,
uibarstyleblack = ,
uibarstyleblackopaque = , // deprecated. use uibarstyleblack
uibarstyleblacktranslucent = , // deprecated. use uibarstyleblack and set the translucent property to yes
*/
uiimageview *bgimgview = [[uiimageview alloc] initwithframe:self.view.bounds];
bgimgview.image = [uiimage imagenamed:@"huoying.jpg"];
[self.view addsubview:bgimgview];
uitoolbar *toolbar = [[uitoolbar alloc] initwithframe:cgrectmake(, , bgimgview.frame.size.width*., bgimgview.frame.size.height)];
toolbar.barstyle = uibarstyleblacktranslucent;
[bgimgview addsubview:toolbar]; 

效果图:

我们再来看看视图结构:

通过视图结构可以看到uitoolbar包含了三个子视图

一个背景图片和1个背景view,还有1个背景特效view,正是这几个视图结合在一起实现了毛玻璃的效果

在ios8.0之后,苹果新增了一个类uivisualeffectview,通过这个类来实现毛玻璃效果与上面的uitoolbar一样,而且效率也非常之高,使用也是非常简单,几行代码搞定. uivisualeffectview是一个抽象类,不能直接使用,需通过它下面的三个子类来实现(uiblureffect, uivisualeffevt, uivisualeffectview);

子类uiblureffect只有一个类方法,用来快速创建一个毛玻璃效果,参数是一个枚举,用来设置毛玻璃的样式,而uivisualeffectview则多了两个属性和两个构造方法,用来快速将创建的毛玻璃添加到这个uivisualeffectview上.

特别注意: 这个类是ios8.0之后才适用, 所以如果项目要兼容ios7.0的话, 还是要考虑其它的两种方法了.

下面来看看实现代码:

同样是先快速的实例化uiblureffect并设置毛玻璃的样式,然后再通过uivisualeffectview的构造方法将uiblureffect的实例添加上去最后设置frame或者是通过添加约束, 将effectview添加到要实现了毛玻璃的效果的view控件上,效果图和上面的一样.

uiimageview *bgimgview = [[uiimageview alloc] initwithframe:self.view.bounds];
bgimgview.image = [uiimage imagenamed:@"huoying.jpg"];
bgimgview.contentmode = uiviewcontentmodescaleaspectfill;
//[bgimgview setimagetoblur: [uiimage imagenamed:@"huoying.jpg"] blurradius: completionblock:nil];
bgimgview.userinteractionenabled = yes;
[self.view addsubview:bgimgview];
/*
毛玻璃的样式(枚举)
uiblureffectstyleextralight,
uiblureffectstylelight,
uiblureffectstyledark
*/
uiblureffect *effect = [uiblureffect effectwithstyle:uiblureffectstyledark];
uivisualeffectview *effectview = [[uivisualeffectview alloc] initwitheffect:effect];
effectview.frame = cgrectmake(, , bgimgview.frame.size.width*., bgimgview.frame.size.height);
[bgimgview addsubview:effectview]; 

但是我们来看看视图结构,大家会发现和toolbar不一样哦!

其实是因为uivisualeffectview这个类,构造方法帮我们创建了一个view,而这个view我们给它做了毛玻璃处理,再将其覆盖到了背景图之上

嗯! 最后再来给大家介绍一个国外大神封装的uiimageview的分类,里面不管是怎么实现的,反正使用非常简单,只要一句代码就搞定.

下面先看代码:

uiimageview *bgimgview = [[uiimageview alloc] initwithframe:self.view.bounds];
//bgimgview.image = [uiimage imagenamed:@"huoying.jpg"];
bgimgview.contentmode = uiviewcontentmodescaleaspectfill;
// 对背景图片进行毛玻璃效果处理 参数blurradius默认是,可指定,最后一个参数block回调可以为nil
[bgimgview setimagetoblur: [uiimage imagenamed:@"huoying.jpg"] blurradius: completionblock:nil];
bgimgview.userinteractionenabled = yes;
[self.view addsubview:bgimgview]; 

效果图:

再来看看添加毛玻璃效果后的视图结构:

哈哈哈, 大家应该看懂了, 这是直接对背景图片进行了高斯模糊处理了,其它就不解释了.

好啦, 反正ios中要进行毛玻璃效果处理就这几种方式,看大家的需求,喜欢用哪种就用哪种吧.

上面的demo,包括大神封装的分类,如果需要详细的源代码的话,可以到我的github上clone啦!有问题欢迎留言一起探讨学习.

下面给大家介绍图片模糊效果的三种方法

第一种使用core image进行模糊

- (uiimage *)blurryimage:(uiimage *)image 
withblurlevel:(cgfloat)blur { 
ciimage *inputimage = [ciimage imagewithcgimage:image.cgimage]; 
cifilter *filter = [cifilter filterwithname:@"cigaussianblur" 
keysandvalues:kciinputimagekey, inputimage, 
@"inputradius", @(blur), 
]; ciimage *outputimage = filter.outputimage; 
cgimageref outimage = [self.context createcgimage:outputimage 
fromrect:[outputimage extent]]; 
return [uiimage imagewithcgimage:outimage]; }

第二种使用vimage api进行模糊

- (uiimage *)blurryimage:(uiimage *)image withblurlevel:(cgfloat)blur { 
if (blur < 0.f || blur > 1.f) { 
blur = 0.5f; 
} 
int boxsize = (int)(blur * 100); 
boxsize = boxsize - (boxsize % 2) + 1; 
cgimageref img = image.cgimage; 
vimage_buffer inbuffer, outbuffer; 
vimage_error error; 
void *pixelbuffer; 
cgdataproviderref inprovider = cgimagegetdataprovider(img); 
cfdataref inbitmapdata = http://www.open-open.com/code/view/cgdataprovidercopydata(inprovider); 
inbuffer.width = cgimagegetwidth(img); 
inbuffer.height = cgimagegetheight(img); 
inbuffer.rowbytes = cgimagegetbytesperrow(img); 
inbuffer.data = (void*)cfdatagetbyteptr(inbitmapdata); 
pixelbuffer = malloc(cgimagegetbytesperrow(img) * 
cgimagegetheight(img)); 
if(pixelbuffer == null) 
nslog(@"no pixelbuffer"); 
outbuffer.data = pixelbuffer; 
outbuffer.width = cgimagegetwidth(img); 
outbuffer.height = cgimagegetheight(img); 
outbuffer.rowbytes = cgimagegetbytesperrow(img); 
error = vimageboxconvolve_argb8888(&inbuffer, 
&outbuffer, 
null, 
0, 
0, 
boxsize, 
boxsize, 
null, 
kvimageedgeextend); 
if (error) { 
nslog(@"error from convolution %ld", error); 
} 
cgcolorspaceref colorspace = cgcolorspacecreatedevicergb(); 
cgcontextref ctx = cgbitmapcontextcreate( 
outbuffer.data, 
outbuffer.width, 
outbuffer.height, 
8, 
outbuffer.rowbytes, 
colorspace, 
kcgimagealphanoneskiplast); 
cgimageref imageref = cgbitmapcontextcreateimage (ctx); 
uiimage *returnimage = [uiimage imagewithcgimage:imageref]; 
//clean up 
cgcontextrelease(ctx); 
cgcolorspacerelease(colorspace); 
free(pixelbuffer); 
cfrelease(inbitmapdata); 
cgcolorspacerelease(colorspace); 
cgimagerelease(imageref); 
return returnimage; } 

第三种方法是网上找到的(毛玻璃效果)

// 内部方法,核心代码,封装了毛玻璃效果 参数:半径,颜色,色彩饱和度- (uiimage *)imagebluredwithradius:(cgfloat)blurradius tintcolor:(uicolor *)tintcolor saturationdeltafactor:(cgfloat)saturationdeltafactor maskimage:(uiimage *)maskimage { 
cgrect imagerect = { cgpointzero, self.size }; 
uiimage *effectimage = self; bool hasblur = blurradius > __flt_epsilon__; 
bool hassaturationchange = fabs(saturationdeltafactor - 1.) > __flt_epsilon__; if (hasblur || hassaturationchange) { uigraphicsbeginimagecontextwithoptions(self.size, no, [[uiscreen mainscreen] scale]); 
cgcontextref effectincontext = uigraphicsgetcurrentcontext(); 
cgcontextscalectm(effectincontext, 1.0, -1.0); 
cgcontexttranslatectm(effectincontext, 0, -self.size.height); 
cgcontextdrawimage(effectincontext, imagerect, self.cgimage); 
vimage_buffer effectinbuffer; effectinbuffer.data = http://www.open-open.com/code/view/cgbitmapcontextgetdata(effectincontext); 
effectinbuffer.width = cgbitmapcontextgetwidth(effectincontext); 
effectinbuffer.height = cgbitmapcontextgetheight(effectincontext); 
effectinbuffer.rowbytes = cgbitmapcontextgetbytesperrow(effectincontext); 
uigraphicsbeginimagecontextwithoptions(self.size, no, [[uiscreen mainscreen] scale]); 
cgcontextref effectoutcontext = uigraphicsgetcurrentcontext(); 
vimage_buffer effectoutbuffer; 
effectoutbuffer.data = cgbitmapcontextgetdata(effectoutcontext); 
effectoutbuffer.width = cgbitmapcontextgetwidth(effectoutcontext); 
effectoutbuffer.height = cgbitmapcontextgetheight(effectoutcontext); 
effectoutbuffer.rowbytes = cgbitmapcontextgetbytesperrow(effectoutcontext); if (hasblur) { cgfloat inputradius = blurradius * [[uiscreen mainscreen] scale]; 
nsuinteger radius = floor(inputradius * 3. * sqrt(2 * m_pi) / 4 + 0.5); 
if (radius % 2 != 1) { 
radius += 1; // force radius to be odd so that the three box-blur methodology works. 
} 
vimageboxconvolve_argb8888(&effectinbuffer, &effectoutbuffer, null, 0, 0, (short)radius, (short)radius, 0, kvimageedgeextend); vimageboxconvolve_argb8888(&effectoutbuffer, &effectinbuffer, null, 0, 0, (short)radius, (short)radius, 0, kvimageedgeextend); vimageboxconvolve_argb8888(&effectinbuffer, &effectoutbuffer, null, 0, 0, (short)radius, (short)radius, 0, kvimageedgeextend); 
} 
bool effectimagebuffersareswapped = no; 
if (hassaturationchange) { 
cgfloat s = saturationdeltafactor; 
cgfloat floatingpointsaturationmatrix[] = { 
0.0722 + 0.9278 * s, 0.0722 - 0.0722 * s, 0.0722 - 0.0722 * s, 
0, 
0.7152 - 0.7152 * s, 0.7152 + 0.2848 * s, 0.7152 - 0.7152 * s, 
0, 
0.2126 - 0.2126 * s, 0.2126 - 0.2126 * s, 0.2126 + 0.7873 * s, 
0, 
0, 
0, 
0, 
1, 
}; 
const int32_t divisor = 256; 
nsuinteger matrixsize = sizeof(floatingpointsaturationmatrix)/sizeof(floatingpointsaturationmatrix[0]); int16_t saturationmatrix[matrixsize]; for (nsuinteger i = 0; i < matrixsize; ++i) { 
saturationmatrix[i] = (int16_t)roundf(floatingpointsaturationmatrix[i] * divisor); 
} 
if (hasblur) { 
vimagematrixmultiply_argb8888(&effectoutbuffer, &effectinbuffer, saturationmatrix, divisor, null, null, kvimagenoflags); 
effectimagebuffersareswapped = yes; 
} 
else { 
vimagematrixmultiply_argb8888(&effectinbuffer, &effectoutbuffer, saturationmatrix, divisor, null, null, kvimagenoflags); 
} 
} 
if (!effectimagebuffersareswapped) 
effectimage = uigraphicsgetimagefromcurrentimagecontext(); 
uigraphicsendimagecontext(); 
if (effectimagebuffersareswapped) 
effectimage = uigraphicsgetimagefromcurrentimagecontext(); 
uigraphicsendimagecontext(); 
} 
// 开启上下文 用于输出图像 
uigraphicsbeginimagecontextwithoptions(self.size, no, [[uiscreen mainscreen] scale]); 
cgcontextref outputcontext = uigraphicsgetcurrentcontext(); 
cgcontextscalectm(outputcontext, 1.0, -1.0); 
cgcontexttranslatectm(outputcontext, 0, -self.size.height); 
// 开始画底图 cgcontextdrawimage(outputcontext, imagerect, self.cgimage); 
// 开始画模糊效果 
if (hasblur)
{ 
cgcontextsavegstate(outputcontext); 
if (maskimage) 
{ 
cgcontextcliptomask(outputcontext, imagerect, maskimage.cgimage); 
} cgcontextdrawimage(outputcontext, imagerect, effectimage.cgimage); 
cgcontextrestoregstate(outputcontext); 
} 
// 添加颜色渲染 
if (tintcolor)
{ 
cgcontextsavegstate(outputcontext); 
cgcontextsetfillcolorwithcolor(outputcontext, tintcolor.cgcolor); 
cgcontextfillrect(outputcontext, imagerect); 
cgcontextrestoregstate(outputcontext); 
} 
// 输出成品,并关闭上下文 
uiimage *outputimage = uigraphicsgetimagefromcurrentimagecontext(); 
uigraphicsendimagecontext(); 
return outputimage;}