docker创建私有镜像仓库搭建教程

我的环境相关设置如下

环境：centos7

ip地址：10.211.55.30

dockere版本：1.10.3

镜像仓库：v2

首先在10.211.55.30机器上下载registry镜像

$ docker pull registry 

也可以进行镜像导入的方法进行离线的安装。可以去我的网盘中下载：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1jhzlz2u

然后进入docker中进行导入

$ docker load -i registry.tar 

下载完之后我们通过该镜像启动一个容器

$ docker run -d -p 5000:5000 registry 

默认情况下，会将仓库存放于容器内的/tmp/registry目录下，这样如果容器被删除，则存放于容器中的镜像也会丢失，所以我们一般情况下会指定本地一个目录挂载到容器内的/tmp/registry下，我将/opt/data/registry目录挂载到/tmp/registry目录下，如果你本地没有这个目录需要新创建，同时需要给/opt/data/registry目录扩大权限

chmod +777 /opt/data/registry 

此处有坑：默认情况下是在容器内的/tmp/registry目录下，但是我的容器镜像是存放在容器中的/var/lib/registry  这个位置。
我是搭建完毕之后，上传一个镜像之后然后使用 find / -name ***查到的位置

[root@server01 ~]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /opt/data/registry:/var/lib/registry registry 
55c60589cb0e2d094d5371c4dd650127cfeae1b361477d50cfe48552e6308830 

可以看到我们启动了一个容器，地址为：10.211.55.30:5000。

测试

接下来我们就要操作把一个本地镜像push到私有仓库中。首先在10.211.55.30机器下pull一个比较小的镜像来测试（此处使用的是busybox）

$ sudo docker pull busybox 

接下来修改一下该镜像的tag，镜像的格式为  镜像仓库ip：端口/镜像名称

$ sudo docker tag busybox 10.211.55.30:5000/busybox 

接下来把打了tag的镜像上传到私有仓库。

$ sudo docker push 10.211.55.30:5000/busybox 

可以看到push失败，具体错误如下：

2015/01/05 11:01:17 error: invalid registry endpoint : get : dial tcp 192.168.112.136:5000: connection refused. if this private registry supports only http or https with an unknown ca certificate, please add `--insecure-registry 192.168.112.136:5000` to the daemon's arguments. in the case of https, if you have access to the registry's ca certificate, no need for the flag; simply place the ca certificate at /etc/docker/certs.d/192.168.112.136:5000/ca.crt 

因为docker从1.3.x之后，与docker registry交互默认使用的是https，然而此处搭建的私有仓库只提供http服务，所以当与私有仓库交互时就会报上面的错误。为了解决这个问题需要在启动docker server时增加启动参数为默认使用http访问。修改docker启动配置文件（此处是修改10.211.55.30机器的配置）centos7下配置文件地址为：/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service，在其中增加–insecure-registry 10.211.55.30:5000如下所示：

[unit] 
description=docker application container engine 
documentation=http://docs.docker.com 
after=network.target rhel-push-plugin.socket 
wants=docker-storage-setup.service 
  
[service] 
type=notify 
notifyaccess=all 
environmentfile=-/etc/sysconfig/docker 
environmentfile=-/etc/sysconfig/docker-storage 
environmentfile=-/etc/sysconfig/docker-network 
environment=gotraceback=crash 
execstart=/usr/bin/docker-current daemon \ 
     --exec-opt native.cgroupdriver=systemd \ 
     --insecure-registry=10.211.55.30:5000 \ 
     $options \ 
     $docker_storage_options \ 
     $docker_network_options \ 
     $add_registry \ 
     $block_registry \ 
     $insecure_registry 
limitnofile=1048576 
limitnproc=1048576 
limitcore=infinity 
timeoutstartsec=0 
mountflags=slave 
restart=on-abnormal 
  
[install] 
wantedby=multi-user.target 

修改完之后，重启docker服务。

$ restart docker 

重启完之后我们再次运行推送命令，把本地镜像推送到私有服务器上。

$ sudo docker push 10.211.55.30:5000/busybox 

 可以看到镜像已经push到私有仓库中去了。

进行到这一步的时候也不一定能够成功，使用journalctl -f 可以查看日志信息，通过日志信息可以查看到如下信息，关注标红的部分，显示的是selinux 的问题，我的处理方法是直接关闭selinux

jan 27 16:08:16 server01 docker-current[15241]: time="2017-01-27t08:08:16z" level=error msg="response completed with error" err.code="blob unknown" err.detail=sha256:45a2e645736c4c66ef34acce2407ded21f7a9b231199d3b92d6c9776df264729 err.message="blob unknown to registry" go.version=go1.7.3 http.request.host="10.211.55.30:5000" http.request.id=a2dbff10-2937-4e9e-94f3-16275739ad61 http.request.method=head http.request.remoteaddr="10.211.55.30:48256" http.request.uri="/v2/centos_20170127/blobs/sha256:45a2e645736c4c66ef34acce2407ded21f7a9b231199d3b92d6c9776df264729" http.request.useragent="docker/1.10.3 go/go1.6.3 git-commit/cb079f6-unsupported kernel/3.10.0-327.36.3.el7.x86_64 os/linux arch/amd64" http.response.contenttype="application/json; charset=utf-8" http.response.duration=1.4262ms http.response.status=404 http.response.written=157 instance.id=f9f97de9-15bc-41e3-9ec3-f1033e57a77e vars.digest="sha256:45a2e645736c4c66ef34acce2407ded21f7a9b231199d3b92d6c9776df264729" vars.name="centos_20170127" version=v2.6.0 
jan 27 16:08:16 server01 docker-current[15241]: 10.211.55.30 - - [27/jan/2017:08:08:16 +0000] "head /v2/centos_20170127/blobs/sha256:45a2e645736c4c66ef34acce2407ded21f7a9b231199d3b92d6c9776df264729 http/1.1" 404 157 "" "docker/1.10.3 go/go1.6.3 git-commit/cb079f6-unsupported kernel/3.10.0-327.36.3.el7.x86_64 os/linux arch/amd64" 
jan 27 16:08:16 server01 docker-current[15241]: time="2017-01-27t08:08:16z" level=error msg="response completed with error" err.code=unknown err.detail="filesystem: mkdir /var/lib/registry/docker: permission denied" err.message="unknown error" go.version=go1.7.3 http.request.host="10.211.55.30:5000" http.request.id=158612a0-39f5-41f5-9985-c80db7da911f http.request.method=post http.request.remoteaddr="10.211.55.30:48258" http.request.uri="/v2/centos_20170127/blobs/uploads/" http.request.useragent="docker/1.10.3 go/go1.6.3 git-commit/cb079f6-unsupported kernel/3.10.0-327.36.3.el7.x86_64 os/linux arch/amd64" http.response.contenttype="application/json; charset=utf-8" http.response.duration=1.671997ms http.response.status=500 http.response.written=164 instance.id=f9f97de9-15bc-41e3-9ec3-f1033e57a77e vars.name="centos_20170127" version=v2.6.0 
jan 27 16:08:16 server01 docker-current[15241]: 10.211.55.30 - - [27/jan/2017:08:08:16 +0000] "post /v2/centos_20170127/blobs/uploads/ http/1.1" 500 164 "" "docker/1.10.3 go/go1.6.3 git-commit/cb079f6-unsupported kernel/3.10.0-327.36.3.el7.x86_64 os/linux arch/amd64" 
jan 27 16:08:16 server01 docker-current[15241]: time="2017-01-27t16:08:16.115997771+08:00" level=error msg="upload failed, retrying: received unexpected http status: 500 internal server error" 
jan 27 16:08:16 server01 setroubleshoot[5771]: failed to retrieve rpm info for /opt/data/registry 
jan 27 16:08:16 server01 setroubleshoot[5771]: selinux is preventing /bin/registry from write access on the directory /opt/data/registry. for complete selinux messages. run sealert -l 748743d8-dd8a-4482-9771-94a403bccf18 
jan 27 16:08:16 server01 python[5771]: <strong>selinux is preventing /bin/registry from write access on the directory /opt/data/registry.</strong> 
                    
                    ***** plugin catchall_labels (83.8 confidence) suggests  ******************* 
                    
                    if you want to allow registry to have write access on the registry directory 
                    then you need to change the label on /opt/data/registry 
                    do 
                    # semanage fcontext -a -t file_type '/opt/data/registry' 
                    where file_type is one of the following: cgroup_t, docker_var_lib_t, svirt_home_t, svirt_sandbox_file_t, virt_home_t. 
                    then execute: 
                    restorecon -v '/opt/data/registry' 
                    
                    
                    ***** plugin catchall (17.1 confidence) suggests  ************************** 
                    
                    if you believe that registry should be allowed write access on the registry directory by default. 
                    then you should report this as a bug. 
                    you can generate a local policy module to allow this access. 
                    do 
                    allow this access for now by executing: 
                    # grep registry /var/log/audit/audit.log | audit2allow -m mypol 
                    # semodule -i mypol.pp 

关闭方法如下

查看selinux状态： 

1、/usr/sbin/sestatus -v   ##如果selinux status参数为enabled即为开启状态 


selinux status:         enabled 


2、getenforce         ##也可以用这个命令检查 

关闭selinux： 

1、临时关闭（不用重启机器）： 

setenforce 0  ##设置selinux 成为permissive模式 setenforce 1 设置selinux 成为enforcing模式 

2、修改配置文件需要重启机器： 

修改/etc/selinux/config 文件 

将selinux=enforcing改为selinux=disabled 

重启机器即可 

接下来我们删除本地镜像，然后从私有仓库中pull下来该镜像。

$ sudo docker pull 10.211.55.30:5000/busybox 

到此就搭建好了docker私有仓库。上面搭建的仓库是不需要认证的。

管理仓库中的镜像

查询

在private registry2中查看或检索repository或images， 将不能用docker search，会报下边的错误

$ docker search 10.211.55.30:5000/busybox/ 
error response from daemon: unexpected status code 404 

但通过v2版本的api，我们可以实现相同目的，必须按照ip:port/v2/_catalog格式：

[root@server01 ~]# curl http://10.211.55.30:5000/v2/_catalog     
{"repositories":["centos"]} 
[root@server01 ~]# curl http://10.211.55.30:5000/v2/centos/tags/list 
{"name":"centos","tags":["latest"]} 

拉取镜像如下

[root@server01 ~]# docker pull 10.211.55.30:5000/centos 
using default tag: latest 
trying to pull repository 10.211.55.30:5000/centos ... 
latest: pulling from 10.211.55.30:5000/centos 
digest: sha256:7dfffa13a2addc317ac3bdfbddbd4604ea629decea19c271481e5c45245b7612 
status: downloaded newer image for 10.211.55.30:5000/centos:latest 

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。