Ubuntu 16.04安装搜狗拼音输入法错误问题的解决方法

一、环境介绍

   ubuntu 16.04

   搜狗输入法： sogoupinyin_2.0.0.0078_amd64

二、问题表现

sudo dpkg -i sogoupinyin_2.0.0.0078_amd64.deb 

错误信息如下：

sogoupinyin : depends: libopencc2 but it is not installable or 
libopencc1 but it is not going to be installed 
depends: fcitx-libs (>= 4.2.7) but it is not going to be installed 
depends: fcitx-libs-qt (>= 4.2.7) but it is not going to be installed 
recommends: fonts-droid-fallback but it is not going to be installed or 
fonts-droid but it is not installable 
e: unmet dependencies. try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). 

一看就知道是依赖包存在问题

三、问题分析

之前在ubuntu 15.10的版本之时，使用同样的sogou版本，不存在此类的问题。 但是在ubuntu 16.04中，却存在此类问题，说明ubuntu升级之后，sogou输入法并未做相应的系统兼容性测试， 故起最高的ubuntu支持版本时15.10.

虽然我们知道了问题，但是该如何解决呢？

基于错误信息，我们发现起依赖包有以下几个： libopencc1 libopencc2,  fcitx-libs, fcitx-libs-qt  font-droid-fallback.  

四、试错分析

试错1：

bladestone@bladestone-laptop:~$ sudo apt install fcitx-libs 
reading package lists... done 
building dependency tree     
reading state information... done 
you might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: 
the following packages have unmet dependencies: 
 sogoupinyin : depends: libopencc2 but it is not installable or 
            libopencc1 but it is not going to be installed 
        depends: fcitx-libs-qt (>= 4.2.7) but it is not going to be installed 
        recommends: fonts-droid-fallback but it is not going to be installed or 
              fonts-droid but it is not installable 
e: unmet dependencies. try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). 

试错2：   

bladestone@bladestone-laptop:~$ sudo apt install fcitx-libs-qt 
reading package lists... done 
building dependency tree     
reading state information... done 
you might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: 
the following packages have unmet dependencies: 
 sogoupinyin : depends: libopencc2 but it is not installable or 
            libopencc1 but it is not going to be installed 
        depends: fcitx-libs (>= 4.2.7) but it is not going to be installed 
        recommends: fonts-droid-fallback but it is not going to be installed or 
              fonts-droid but it is not installable 
e: unmet dependencies. try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). 

试错3：

bladestone@bladestone-laptop:~$ sudo apt install fcitx-libs-qt fcitx-libs 
reading package lists... done 
building dependency tree     
reading state information... done 
you might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: 
the following packages have unmet dependencies: 
 sogoupinyin : depends: libopencc2 but it is not installable or 
            libopencc1 but it is not going to be installed 
        recommends: fonts-droid-fallback but it is not going to be installed or 
              fonts-droid but it is not installable 
e: unmet dependencies. try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

试错4：

bladestone@bladestone-laptop:~$ sudo apt install fonts-droid-fallback 
reading package lists... done 
building dependency tree     
reading state information... done 
you might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: 
the following packages have unmet dependencies: 
 sogoupinyin : depends: libopencc2 but it is not installable or 
            libopencc1 but it is not going to be installed 
        depends: fcitx-libs (>= 4.2.7) but it is not going to be installed 
        depends: fcitx-libs-qt (>= 4.2.7) but it is not going to be installed 
e: unmet dependencies. try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). 

试错5：

bladestone@bladestone-laptop:~$ sudo apt install libopencc1 
reading package lists... done 
building dependency tree     
reading state information... done 
you might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: 
the following packages have unmet dependencies: 
 sogoupinyin : depends: fcitx-libs (>= 4.2.7) but it is not going to be installed 
        depends: fcitx-libs-qt (>= 4.2.7) but it is not going to be installed 
        recommends: fonts-droid-fallback but it is not going to be installed or 
              fonts-droid but it is not installable 
e: unmet dependencies. try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). 

分析： 经过各种尝试，发现依然无法正常解决问题，类库包之间的依赖关系还是非常复杂的。

五、问题解决

5.1 移除sogou输入法， 由于其安装不完整

sudo apt remove sogoupinyin 

执行过程：

reading package lists... done 
building dependency tree     
reading state information... done 
the following packages will be removed: 
 sogoupinyin 
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 43 not upgraded. 
1 not fully installed or removed. 
after this operation, 42.6 mb disk space will be freed. 
do you want to continue? [y/n] y 
(reading database ... 214444 files and directories currently installed.) 
removing sogoupinyin (2.0.0.0078) ... 
processing triggers for libglib2.0-0:amd64 (2.48.1-1~ubuntu16.04.1) ... 
processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.15-0ubuntu1) ... 
processing triggers for shared-mime-info (1.5-2ubuntu0.1) ... 
processing triggers for bamfdaemon (0.5.3~bzr0+16.04.20160523-0ubuntu1) ... 
rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index... 
processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.13.3-6ubuntu3) ... 
processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.22-1ubuntu5) ... 
processing triggers for mime-support (3.59ubuntu1) ... 

5.2 正确的包安装姿势

sudo apt install libopencc1 fcitx-libs fcitx-libs-qt fonts-droid-fallback 

5.3 重新安装sogou输入法

sudo dpkg -i sogoupinyin_2.0.0.0078_amd64.deb

结果 一切顺利，没有报类似的错误信息

总结

安装依赖需要一次安装完成，切勿单个安装，主要是由于包之间彼此会有一定的依赖关系，这个是你无法准确定位的，故在 一次安装动作中做完。

另外需要注意的是： sogou输入法的linux版本目前只兼容到ubunut 15.10， 请大家彼此周知该情况。