HTML5基础-新增标签+新增属性+布局案例
程序员文章站
2023-08-30 21:48:56
html5中常用的结构标签 article 文章 header 头部 nav 导航 section 区域 aside 侧边栏 hgroup 区块的相关信息 figure 定义一组内容及标题 figcaption 定义figure元素的标题 footer 底部 dialog 对话框 使用习惯： hea ......
html5中常用的结构标签
article 文章
header 头部
nav 导航
section 区域
aside 侧边栏
hgroup 区块的相关信息
figure 定义一组内容及标题
figcaption 定义figure元素的标题
footer 底部
dialog 对话框
使用习惯：
header/section/footer > aside/article/figure/hgroup/nav > div
embed可插入flash文件，但flash已经逐渐被淘汰，不建议使用
meter状态标签，可以定义电压
optimum是标准状态
low与high之间呈现绿色，其余呈现黄色
<meter value=”220” min=”20” max=”380” low=”200” high=”240” optimum=”220”></meter>
自动计算百分比
<meter value="0.75">75%</meter>
有步长的进度条
<progress value="30" max="100"></progress>
不断加载的进度条
<progress max="100"></progress>
datalist为input定义下拉列表
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>demo</title>
</head>
<body>
<input placeholder="请选择手机品牌" list="phonelist">
<datalist id="phonelist">
<option value="iphone">iphone</option>
<option value="samsung">samsung</option>
<option value="huawei">huawei</option>
<option value="oppo">oppo</option>
<option value="htc">htc</option>
</datalist>
</body>
</html>
details定义元素的详细内容，配合summary
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>demo</title>
</head>
<body>
<details>
<summary>html5</summary>
<p>html5是构建web内容的一种语言描述方式。html5是互联网的下一代标准，是构建以及呈现互联网内容的一种语言方式．被认为是互联网的核心技术之一。html产生于1990年，1997年html4成为互联网标准，并广泛应用于互联网应用的开发。
html5是web中核心语言html的规范，用户使用任何手段进行网页浏览时看到的内容原本都是html格式的，在浏览器中通过一些技术处理将其转换成为了可识别的信息。html5在从前html4.01的基础上进行了一定的改进，虽然技术人员在开发过程中可能不会将这些新技术投入应用，但是对于该种技术的新特性，网站开发技术人员是必须要有所了解的。 [1-2] </p>
</details>
</body>
</html>
ruby和rt进行拼音的注释
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>demo</title>
</head>
<body>
我们来<ruby>夼<rt>kuang</rt></ruby>一个话题
</body>
</html>
兼容浏览器的写法：
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>demo</title>
</head>
<body>
我们来<ruby>夼<rp>(</rp><rt>kuang</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>一个话题
</body>
</html>
mark黄色选中效果
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>demo</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>妈妈叫我回家的时候顺路买一盒<mark>牛奶</mark>，需要很新鲜的那种。</p>
</body>
</html>
output表单计算
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>demo</title>
</head>
<body>
<form oninput="sum.value=parseint(num1.value)*parseint(num2.value)">
<input type="number" id="num1">*
<input type="number" id="num2">=
<output name="sum" for="num1 num2"></output>
</form>
</body>
</html>
date pickers在移动端效果比较好
week兼容性不好
datetime兼容性不好，推荐用datetime-local
time用来设置时间（小时和分钟）；
month用来设置年和月；
date用来设置年月日；
datetime用来设置年月日和时间；
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>demo</title>
</head>
<body>
email:<input type="email" name="email"><br>
url:<input type="url" name="url"><br>
tel:<input type="tel" name="tel"><br>
number:<input type="number" name="number"><br>
date:<input type="date" name="date"><br>
month:<input type="month" name="month"><br>
week:<input type="week" name="week"><br>
time:<input type="time" name="time"><br>
datetime:<input type="datetime" name="datetime"><br>
datetime-local:<input type="datetime-local" name="datetime-local"><br>
range:<input type="range" name="range" min="1" max="10"><br>
search:<input type="search" name="search"><br>
color:<input type="color" name="color"><br>
</body>
</html>
autocomplete属性规定form或input域拥有自动完成功能，该属性适用于<form>标签和<input>标签
autofocus自动获取焦点
multiple多选，适用于email和file，email中不同邮箱用,隔开
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>demo</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="lesson2_1 autocomplete.html" autocomplete="on">
<input type="text" name="text" autofocus="autofocus" placeholder="您好，请在这里输入您的用户名！"><br>
<input type="email" name="email" autocomplete="off" multiple="multiple"><br>
<input type="file" name="file" multiple="multiple"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
<link>标签中，sizes属性可以规定被链接资源的尺寸的大小
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>demo</title>
<link rel="icon" href="icon.gif" type="image/gif" sizes="16x16">
<base href="http://localhost" target="_blank">
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
script:
defer 页面已完成加载后再执行脚本
async 一旦脚本可用，则异步执行
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>demo</title>
<script async="async" type="text/javascript" src="async.js"></script>
<script defer="defer" type="text/javascript" src="defer.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
ol有序列表倒序
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>ol</title>
</head>
<body>
<ol start="2" reversed="reversed">
<li>html</li>
<li>html5</li>
<li>css</li>
<li>css3</li>
<li>javascript</li>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
html页面布局demo:
demo.html
----------------------------------------
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>html5</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
<header>
<div class="container">
<a href="index.html"><img src="images/logo.png"></a>
<nav>
<a class="active" href="index.html">home</a>
<a href="#">course</a>
<a href="#">actual</a>
<a href="#">plan</a>
<a href="#">faq</a>
<a href="#">notes</a>
</nav>
</div>
</header>
<section class="banner">
<ul>
<li class="active"><img src="images/banner/banner1.jpg"></li>
<li class="left"><img src="images/banner/banner3.jpg"></li>
<li class="right"><img src="images/banner/banner2.jpg"></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="main">
<aside>
<h1>recent <samp>course</samp></h1>
<dl>
<dt>hyper text markup language</dt>
<dd><img src="images/course/05_05.png"></dd>
<dd>html is the standard markup language used to create web pages and its elements form the building blocks of all websites.</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt>cascading style sheets</dt>
<dd><img src="images/course/06_04.png"></dd>
<dd>cascading style sheets (css) is a simple mechanism for adding style (e.g., fonts, colors, spacing) to web documents.</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt>javascript</dt>
<dd><img src="images/course/09_07.png"></dd>
<dd>javascript is a high-level, dynamic, untyped, and interpreted programming language.</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt>angularjs</dt>
<dd><img src="images/course/02_09.png"></dd>
<dd>angularjs is an open-source web application framework mainly maintained by google and by a community of individuals and...</dd>
</dl>
</aside>
<article>
<h1>welcome to <samp>massive open online course!</samp></h1>
<p>we provide the latest knowledge to help you cope with the changing world!</p>
<img src="images/article.jpg">
<p>we hope that all the students who love the internet can be more convenient access to learning resources, using the internet thinking to change our learning.</p>
<p>focus on it skills education mooc, consistent with the development trend of the internet down to earth's mooc. we are free, we only teach useful, we concentrate on education.</p>
</article>
</section>
<footer>
<div class="container">
<p>copyright © 2019 test.com all rights reserved.</p>
<span>
<img src="images/icon/weichat.png">
<img src="images/icon/sina.png">
<img src="images/icon/qq.png">
</span>
</div>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
style.css
------------------------------------------
/* all tag */
* { font-family: arial; font-size: 14px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: none; }
a { text-decoration: none; }
ul { list-style: none; }
/* header */
header { position: relative; height: 80px; background: #000; }
header:after { position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 7px; content: ''; background: #d6d6d6; }
header > .container { position: relative; z-index: 1; width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; }
header > .container > a { display: block; float: left; margin: 5px 25px; }
header > .container > nav { float: right; }
/* nav */
nav > a { font-size: 24px; line-height: 73px; display: block; float: left; width: 110px; height: 73px; text-align: center; color: #fff; }
nav > a:nth-child(1) { background: #433b90; }
nav > a:nth-child(2) { background: #017fcb; }
nav > a:nth-child(3) { background: #78b917; }
nav > a:nth-child(4) { background: #feb800; }
nav > a:nth-child(5) { background: #f27c01; }
nav > a:nth-child(6) { background: #d40112; }
nav > a:hover,
nav > a.active { padding-bottom: 7px; }
/* banner */
.banner { position: relative; background: #eaeaea; }
.banner:after { position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 6px; content: ''; background: #d6d6d6; }
.banner > ul { position: relative; width: 1490px; height: 538px; margin: 0 auto; padding-top: 10px; }
.banner > ul > li { position: absolute; width: 610px; height: 300px; overflow: hidden; }
.banner > ul > li.active { z-index: 2; top: 37px; right: 0; left: 0; width: 960px; height: 460px; margin: auto; border: 1px solid #fff; box-shadow: 0 30px 140px 22px rgba(0, 0, 0, .35); }
.banner > ul > li.left { z-index: 1; top: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; margin: auto; box-shadow: 0 3px 7px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .35); }
.banner > ul > li.right { z-index: 1; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; margin: auto; box-shadow: 0 3px 7px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .35); }
.banner > ul > li > img { position: absolute; left: -30%; height: 100%; }
/* main */
.main { position: relative; width: 1200px; height: 473px; margin: 34px auto 0; }
.main h1 { font-size: 30px; font-weight: lighter; margin-bottom: 23px; }
.main h1 > samp { font-size: 30px; color: #7c7c7c; }
.main > aside { float: left; width: 450px; }
.main > aside > dl { position: relative; display: block; height: 74px; margin-bottom: 17px; }
.main > aside > dl > dt { position: absolute; top: -1px; left: 92px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16px; text-decoration: underline; }
.main > aside > dl > dd:first-of-type { position: absolute; left: 0; }
.main > aside > dl > dd:last-of-type { position: absolute; top: 20px; left: 90px; }
.main > article { float: right; width: 720px; overflow: hidden; }
.main > article > p,
.main > article > img { margin-bottom: 20px; }
/* footer */
footer { position: relative; background: #000; }
footer:before { position: absolute; z-index: -1; top: -6px; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 6px; content: ''; background: #d6d6d6; }
footer > .container { width: 1200px; height: 64px; margin: 0 auto; }
footer > .container > p { line-height: 64px; float: left; color: #fff; }
footer > .container > span { float: right; margin: 14px 40px; }
footer > .container > span > img { margin-left: 4px; opacity: .7; }
footer > .container > span > img:hover { opacity: 1; cursor: pointer; }
html页面布局demo2:
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>html</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="demo.css">
</head>
<body>
<table id="outer-table">
<!-- 顶部 -->
<thead>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/logo.png" alt="logo"></td>
</tr>
</thead>
<!-- 主体 -->
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<table>
<tr>
<!-- 左侧 -->
<td width="12%">
<p class="left-p">
<span>商品管理</span><br>
<span>评价管理</span><br>
<span>咨询管理</span><br><br><br>
<span><b>全部订单</b></span><br>
<span>已完成订单</span><br>
<span>待处理订单</span><br>
<span>今日物流</span><br><br><br>
<span>月考核</span><br>
<span>季度考核</span><br>
<span>年度考核</span><br>
</p>
</td>
<!-- 右侧 -->
<td width="88%">
<table class="inner-table">
<tr>
<td><span>全部订单</span></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table class="inner-table">
<tr>
<td>
<span>
查询：
<input type="date">至
<input type="date">
</span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table id="order" class="inner-table" rules="all">
<tr>
<td colspan="2">宝贝信息</td>
<td>订单数量</td>
<td>单价</td>
<td>买家</td>
<td>下单时间</td>
<td>实付款</td>
<td>订单操作</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/txue.png"></td>
<td>2019新款个性男女潮牌&暮春之行文化衫</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>120</td>
<td>小明</td>
<td>2019-2-21 21:54</td>
<td>240</td>
<td>待付款</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/txue.png"></td>
<td>2019新款个性男女潮牌&暮春之行文化衫</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>120</td>
<td>小明</td>
<td>2019-2-21 21:54</td>
<td>240</td>
<td>待付款</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/txue.png"></td>
<td>2019新款个性男女潮牌&暮春之行文化衫</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>120</td>
<td>小明</td>
<td>2019-2-21 21:54</td>
<td>240</td>
<td>待付款</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/txue.png"></td>
<td>2019新款个性男女潮牌&暮春之行文化衫</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>120</td>
<td>小明</td>
<td>2019-2-21 21:54</td>
<td>240</td>
<td>待付款</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/txue.png"></td>
<td>2019新款个性男女潮牌&暮春之行文化衫</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>120</td>
<td>小明</td>
<td>2019-2-21 21:54</td>
<td>240</td>
<td>待付款</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/txue.png"></td>
<td>2019新款个性男女潮牌&暮春之行文化衫</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>120</td>
<td>小明</td>
<td>2019-2-21 21:54</td>
<td>240</td>
<td>待付款</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/txue.png"></td>
<td>2019新款个性男女潮牌&暮春之行文化衫</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>120</td>
<td>小明</td>
<td>2019-2-21 21:54</td>
<td>240</td>
<td>待付款</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<!-- 页脚 -->
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td><span>2019-12-29 ©test.com</span></td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</body>
</html>
demo.css
-----------------------------------
*{margin:0;padding:0;}
table{width:100%;background-color: #fff;}
#outer-table{background-color: #abcdef;}
#outer-table tfoot td{text-align:center;height:50px;line-height: 50px;}
#outer-table img{width: 150px;margin-left: 10px;}
.left-p{margin-left:10px;margin-top:-250px;}
.left-p span{line-height:2em;}
.inner-table{border:2px solid #ccc;}
.inner-table tr td{padding:10px;}
#order tr td{text-align:center;}
#order tr td img{width:50px;}
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