Linux常用基本命令( mkdir )

mkdir:

作用：创建目录( make directories )

命令格式： make [option] 目录

１，创建目录，　当目录存在时，再次创建会提示文件已经存在

ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ ls
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ tree -d
.

0 directories
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ mkdir a
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ ls
a
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ mkdir a
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘a’: File exists

２，可以一次性创建多个目录

ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ ls
a
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ mkdir b c d
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ ls
a  b  c  d

３，当一个目录的上级目录不存在时候，需要用-p　递归创建

ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ ls
a  b  c  d
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ mkdir e/test
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘e/test’: No such file or directory
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ ls
a  b  c  d
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ mkdir -p e/test
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ tree
.
├── a
├── b
├── c
├── d
└── e
    └── test

４，-v　输出创建目录过程的详细信息

ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ mkdir f/a/b/c -pv
mkdir: created directory 'f'
mkdir: created directory 'f/a'
mkdir: created directory 'f/a/b'
mkdir: created directory 'f/a/b/c'
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ tree f
f
└── a
    └── b
        └── c

５，大括号：表示范围与展开：

ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ mkdir -pv a/{b,c,d,e,f}
mkdir: created directory 'a'
mkdir: created directory 'a/b'
mkdir: created directory 'a/c'
mkdir: created directory 'a/d'
mkdir: created directory 'a/e'
mkdir: created directory 'a/f'
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ tree
.
└── a
    ├── b
    ├── c
    ├── d
    ├── e
    └── f

ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ mkdir -pv a/{1..10}
mkdir: created directory 'a'
mkdir: created directory 'a/1'
mkdir: created directory 'a/2'
mkdir: created directory 'a/3'
mkdir: created directory 'a/4'
mkdir: created directory 'a/5'
mkdir: created directory 'a/6'
mkdir: created directory 'a/7'
mkdir: created directory 'a/8'
mkdir: created directory 'a/9'
mkdir: created directory 'a/10'
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ tree
.
└── a
    ├── 1
    ├── 10
    ├── 2
    ├── 3
    ├── 4
    ├── 5
    ├── 6
    ├── 7
    ├── 8
    └── 9

ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ mkdir -pv b/{a..z}
mkdir: created directory 'b'
mkdir: created directory 'b/a'
mkdir: created directory 'b/b'
mkdir: created directory 'b/c'
mkdir: created directory 'b/d'
mkdir: created directory 'b/e'
mkdir: created directory 'b/f'
mkdir: created directory 'b/g'
mkdir: created directory 'b/h'
mkdir: created directory 'b/i'
mkdir: created directory 'b/j'
mkdir: created directory 'b/k'
mkdir: created directory 'b/l'
mkdir: created directory 'b/m'
mkdir: created directory 'b/n'
mkdir: created directory 'b/o'
mkdir: created directory 'b/p'
mkdir: created directory 'b/q'
mkdir: created directory 'b/r'
mkdir: created directory 'b/s'
mkdir: created directory 'b/t'
mkdir: created directory 'b/u'
mkdir: created directory 'b/v'
mkdir: created directory 'b/w'
mkdir: created directory 'b/x'
mkdir: created directory 'b/y'
mkdir: created directory 'b/z'
ghostwu@dev:~/linux/mkdir$ tree
.
├── a
│   ├── 1
│   ├── 10
│   ├── 2
│   ├── 3
│   ├── 4
│   ├── 5
│   ├── 6
│   ├── 7
│   ├── 8
│   └── 9
└── b
    ├── a
    ├── b
    ├── c
    ├── d
    ├── e
    ├── f
    ├── g
    ├── h
    ├── i
    ├── j
    ├── k
    ├── l
    ├── m
    ├── n
    ├── o
    ├── p
    ├── q
    ├── r
    ├── s
    ├── t
    ├── u
    ├── v
    ├── w
    ├── x
    ├── y
    └── z