Java连接数据库的综合类class;MSSQL(SQL Server )、Oracle、MySQL、PostgreSQL、SAP、SyBase 各种数据库的JDBC驱动下载及连接
JDBC数据库连接
net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver
com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver
数 据 库 | 说 明 |
---|---|
MySQL | http://www.mysql.com/products/connector/j/ Shipped. But need to download the latest for MySQL 4.1 or higher. |
Oracle | http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/tech/java/sqlj_jdbc/index.html Included. |
SQL Server by jTDS | http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=33291 Included. Support Microsoft SQL Server (6.5, 7, 2000 and 2005) |
Postgres | http://jdbc.postgresql.org/download.html Included 7.3 JDBC 3 |
SAP DB | http://www.sapdb.org/sap_db_jdbc.htm Included. |
SyBase by jTDS | http://jtds.sourceforge.net/ Included. Support Sybase (10, 11, 12) |
driver = "com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver";
url = "jdbc:sqlserver://" + "192.168.0.20" + // ip
":" + "1433" + // port
";DatabaseName=" + "xdl_101";// db name
driver = "net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver";
url = "jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://" + "192.168.0.20" + // ip
":" + "1433" + // port
";DatabaseName=" + "xdl_101";// db name
username = "dbrwsa";
password = "password";
poolName = "sqlserverpool";
DBUtil dbp = new DBUtil(driver, url, username, password, poolName);
dbp.getConnection();
-
MySQL(http://www.mysql.com) mysql-connector-java-2.0.14-bin.jar ;
Class.forName( “org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
” );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( “jdbc:mysql://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:3306/myDatabaseName”, sUsr, sPwd ); -
PostgreSQL(http://www.de.postgresql.org) pgjdbc2.jar ;
Class.forName( “org.postgresql.Driver
” );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( “jdbc:postgresql://MyDbComputerNameOrIP/myDatabaseName”, sUsr, sPwd ); -
Oracle(http://www.oracle.com/ip/deploy/database/oracle9i/) classes12.zip ;
Class.forName( “oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
” );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( “jdbc:oracle:thin:@MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1521:ORCL”, sUsr, sPwd ); -
Sybase(http://jtds.sourceforge.net) jconn2.jar ;
Class.forName( “com.sybase.jdbc2.jdbc.SybDriver
” );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( “jdbc:sybase:Tds:MyDbComputerNameOrIP:2638”, sUsr, sPwd );
//(Default-Username/Password: “dba”/“sql”) -
Microsoft SQLServer(http://jtds.sourceforge.net) ;
Class.forName( “net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver
” );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( “jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1433/master”, sUsr, sPwd ); -
Microsoft SQLServer(http://www.microsoft.com) ;
Class.forName( “com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver
” );
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( “jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://MyDbComputerNameOrIP:1433;databaseName=master”, sUsr, sPwd ); -
ODBC
Class.forName( “sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver
” );
Connection cn = DriverManager.getConnection( “jdbc:odbc:” + sDsn, sUsr, sPwd ); -
DB2 Class.forName("
com.ibm.db2.jdbc.net.DB2Driver
");
String url=“jdbc:db2://192.9.200.108:6789/SAMPLE”
cn = DriverManager.getConnection( url, sUsr, sPwd ); -
access由于access并不是作为一项服务运行,所以url的方法对他不适用。access可以通过odbc,也可以通过服务器映射路径的形式找到.mdb文件,参见 http://rmijdbc.objectweb.org/Access/access.html
Java连接数据库的综合类class
package dbop.sql.dbutil.pool;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.DriverManagerConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolableConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolingDriver;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.DbUtils;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.MapListHandler;
import org.apache.commons.pool.ObjectPool;
import org.apache.commons.pool.impl.GenericObjectPool;
import top.nw109.dbop.date.time.TimeUtils;
/**
* 连接数据库的综合类。 依赖jar包:commons.dbcp,commons.dbutils,commons.pool包。
* kj 2017.7.13
*/
public class DBUtil {
private String driver = null;
private String url = null;
private String username = null;
private String password = null;
private String poolName = null; // 连接池名称
private ObjectPool connectionPool = null; // 连接池
// 对应的定时查询类
private QueryThread queryThread = null;
/**
* 功能:构造函数
*
* @param driver
* 驱动全类名,例如:com.mysql.jdbc.Driver。
* @param url
* 数据库url连接,例如:
* "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"
* @param userName
* 数据库用户名,例如:root
* @param password
* 数据库密码,例如:abc
* @param poolName
* 创建的数据库连接池的名称,例如mypool,注意一个web容器此名称不能重复。
*/
public DBUtil(String driver, String url, String userName, String password,
String poolName) {
this.driver = driver;
this.url = url;
this.username = userName;
this.password = password;
this.poolName = poolName;
}
/**
* 执行sql。
*
* @param conn
* 数据库连接
* @param pstm
* PreparedStatement
* @return int 执行sql对应的影响行。
* @throws SQLException
*/
public int execute(Connection conn, PreparedStatement pstm)
throws SQLException {
try {
return pstm.executeUpdate();
} finally {
Close(conn);
}
}
/**
* 查询sql。
*
* @param conn
* 连接
* @param pstm
* PreparedStatement
* @return List<Map<String,Object>> 查询的结果集
* @throws SQLException
*/
public List<Map<String, Object>> query(Connection conn,
PreparedStatement pstm) throws SQLException {
try {
return resultSetToList(pstm.executeQuery());
} finally {
Close(conn);
}
}
/**
* 功能:将ResultSet 转为List< Map <String,Object > >
*
* @param rs
* ResultSet 原始数据集
* @return List< Map <String,Object > >
* @throws java.sql.SQLException
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private List<Map<String, Object>> resultSetToList(ResultSet rs)
throws java.sql.SQLException {
if (rs == null)
return Collections.EMPTY_LIST;
ResultSetMetaData md = rs.getMetaData(); // 得到结果集(rs)的结构信息,比如字段数、字段名等
int columnCount = md.getColumnCount(); // 返回此 ResultSet 对象中的列数
List<Map<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
Map<String, Object> rowData = new HashMap<String, Object>();
while (rs.next()) {
rowData = new HashMap<String, Object>(columnCount);
for (int i = 1; i <= columnCount; i++) {
rowData.put(md.getColumnName(i), rs.getObject(i));
}
list.add(rowData);
}
return list;
}
/**
* 执行不含参数查询sql语句。
*
* @param sql
* 被执行的sql语句
* @return List< Map< String,Object > >
* @throws SQLException
*/
public List<Map<String, Object>> query(String sql) throws SQLException {
List<Map<String, Object>> results = null;
Connection conn = null;
try {
conn = getConnection();
QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner();
results = qr.query(conn, sql, new MapListHandler());
} finally {
//System.out.println("query complete!");
Close(conn);
}
return results;
}
/**
* 根据参数查询sql语句
*
* @param sql
* sql语句
* @param param
* 参数
* @return List< Map <String,Object > >
* @throws SQLException
*/
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public List<Map<String, Object>> query(String sql, Object param)
throws SQLException {
List<Map<String, Object>> results = null;
Connection conn = null;
try {
conn = getConnection();
QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner();
results = (List<Map<String, Object>>) qr.query(conn, sql, param,
new MapListHandler());
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
Close(conn);
}
return results;
}
/**
* 执行sql语句
*
* @param sql
* 被执行的sql语句
* @return 受影响的行
* @throws Exception
*/
public int execute(String sql) throws Exception {
Connection conn = getConnection();
int rows = 0;
try {
QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner();
rows = qr.update(conn, sql);
} finally {
//System.out.println("execute complete!");
Close(conn);
}
return rows;
}
/**
* 执行含参数的sql语句
*
* @param sql
* 被执行的sql语句
* @param params
* 参数
* @return 返回受影响的行
* @throws Exception
*/
public int execute(String sql, Object[] params) throws Exception {
Connection conn = getConnection();
int rows = 0;
try {
QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner();
rows = qr.update(conn, sql, params);
} finally {
Close(conn);
}
return rows;
}
/**
* 关闭连接
*
* @param conn
* @throws SQLException
*/
public void Close(Connection conn) throws SQLException {
if (conn != null) {
conn.close();
}
// System.out.println("Connection close");
DbUtils.closeQuietly(conn);
}
/**
* 启动数据库连接池
*
*/
private void StartPool() {
try {
Class.forName(driver);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
if (connectionPool != null) {
ShutdownPool();
}
try {
connectionPool = new GenericObjectPool(null);
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new DriverManagerConnectionFactory(
url, username, password);
PoolableConnectionFactory poolableConnectionFactory = new PoolableConnectionFactory(
connectionFactory, connectionPool, null, "SELECT 1", false,
true);
Class.forName("org.apache.commons.dbcp.PoolingDriver");
PoolingDriver driver = (PoolingDriver) DriverManager
.getDriver("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:");
driver.registerPool(poolName, poolableConnectionFactory.getPool());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 开启查询程序
queryThread = new QueryThread(this);
queryThread.start();
}
/**
* 关闭连接池
*/
private void ShutdownPool() {
try {
PoolingDriver driver = (PoolingDriver) DriverManager
.getDriver("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:");
driver.closePool(poolName);
// 关闭定时查询
queryThread.setStartQuery(false);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 得到一个连接
*
* @return
*/
public synchronized Connection getConnection() {
Connection conn = null;
try {
if (connectionPool == null)
StartPool();
conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:"
+ poolName);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return conn;
}
public String getPoolName() {
return poolName;
}
public void setPoolName(String poolName) {
this.poolName = poolName;
}
}
/**
* 当连接池启动后会自动定时查询数据库,防止数据库连接超时。
*
*/
class QueryThread extends Thread {
private DBUtil dbUtil = null;
// 是否开启查询
private boolean startQuery = true;
/**
* 功能:对应的数据库连接。
*
* @param dbUtil
* 数据库连接
*/
public QueryThread(DBUtil dbUtil) {
this.dbUtil = dbUtil;
}
public void run() {
while (true) {
try {
if (startQuery) {
this.dbUtil.query("select 1");
}
// System.out.println(startQuery+" 123");
System.out.println(TimeUtils.getTime() + " "
+ dbUtil.getPoolName() + " " + startQuery);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
Thread.sleep(120000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public void setStartQuery(boolean startQuery) {
// System.out.println("startQuery shut:"+startQuery);
this.startQuery = startQuery;
}
}
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