详解Java后端优雅验证参数合法性

1、首先创建一个测试实体类person，并携带如上注解，其注解的作用描述在message

package com.clickpaas.pojo;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.jsonformat;
import lombok.data;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.length;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.range;

import javax.validation.constraints.*;
import java.math.bigdecimal;
import java.util.date;
import java.util.list;

/**
 * @author 方延杰
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 2020/12/10 9:04 下午
 */
@data
public class person {

  @null(message = "death必须为null")
  private string death;

  @asserttrue(message = "bool必须为true")
  private boolean bool;

  @assertfalse(message = "fal必须为false")
  private boolean fal;

  @min(value = 1, message = "min必须为数字,其值大于或等于指定的最小值")
  private integer min;

  @max(value = 10, message = "max必须为数字,其值小于或等于指定的最大值")
  private integer max;

  @decimalmin(value = "1", message = "mindeci最小不能小于1")
  private bigdecimal mindeci;

  @decimalmax(value = "10", message = "maxdeci最大不能大于10")
  private bigdecimal maxdeci;

  @size(min = 1, max = 2, message = "list集合的长度最小不能小于1,最大不能大于2")
  private list<object> list;

  @digits(integer = 4, fraction = 2, message = "digits整数位不能超过4个,小数位不能超过2个")
  private bigdecimal digits;

  /**
   * 将前台传来的日期数据映射到此字段
   */
  @jsonformat(shape = jsonformat.shape.string, pattern = "yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss", timezone = "gmt+8")
  @past(message = "past必须为过去的日期")
  private date past;

  @jsonformat(shape = jsonformat.shape.string, pattern = "yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss", timezone = "gmt+8")
  @future(message = "future必须为将来的日期")
  private date future;

  @pattern(regexp = "^1[3|4|5|7|8][0-9]{9}$", message = "phone必须符合正则表达式")
  private string phone;

  @email(message = "email必须是邮箱格式")
  private string email;

  @length(min = 1, max = 2, message = "length长度最小不能小于1,最大不能大于2")
  private string length;

  @notempty(message = "id不能为null，长度大于0")
  private string id;

  @range(min = 1, max = 12, message = "month最小不能小于1,最大不能大于12")
  private integer month;

  @notblank(message = "name不能为null,字段串长度大于0（限字符串）")
  private string name;
}

2、封装返回响应体

package com.clickpaas.response;

import lombok.allargsconstructor;
import lombok.data;

/**
 * @author 方延杰
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 2019/7/3 4:32 下午
 */
@data
@allargsconstructor
public class codemsg {

  private int code;

  private string msg;

  /**
   * 失败
   */
  public static codemsg server_error = new codemsg(500, "服务端异常");

}

package com.clickpaas.response;

import lombok.allargsconstructor;
import lombok.data;

/**
 * @author 方延杰
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 2019/7/3 4:35 下午
 */
@data
@allargsconstructor
public class result<t> {

  /**
   * 返回状态码 除200其余全部失败
   */
  private int code;

  /**
   * 返回信息 除success其余全部失败
   */
  private string msg;

  /**
   * 泛型数据
   */
  private t data;

  /**
   * 成功时返回的类型
   *
   * @param data 数据
   * @param <t> 泛型
   * @return 泛型数据
   */
  public static <t> result<t> success(t data) {
    return new result<>(200, "success", data);
  }

  public static <t> result<t> fail(codemsg codemsg) {
    return new result<>(codemsg);
  }
  private result(codemsg codemsg) {
    if (codemsg == null) {
      return;
    }
    this.code = codemsg.getcode();
    this.msg = codemsg.getmsg();
  }

}

3、创建使用增强器拦截并返回异常信息

package com.clickpaas.config;

import com.clickpaas.response.codemsg;
import com.clickpaas.response.result;
import org.springframework.web.bind.methodargumentnotvalidexception;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.exceptionhandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.restcontrolleradvice;

import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import java.util.objects;

/**
 * @author 方延杰
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 2018/12/10 4:59 下午
 */
@restcontrolleradvice
public class globalexceptioninterceptor {

  @exceptionhandler(value = methodargumentnotvalidexception.class)
  public result<object> exceptionhandler(httpservletrequest request, exception e) {
    string errmsg = "处理失败";
    if (e instanceof methodargumentnotvalidexception) {
      // 拿到参数校验具体异常信息
      errmsg = objects.requirenonnull(((methodargumentnotvalidexception) e).getbindingresult().getfielderror()).getdefaultmessage();
    }
    return result.fail(new codemsg(500, errmsg));
  }
}

4、创建控制层测试

package com.clickpaas.controller;

import com.clickpaas.pojo.person;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.postmapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestbody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.restcontroller;

/**
 * @author 方延杰
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 2020/12/10 9:03 下午
 */
@restcontroller
public class validcontroller {

  @postmapping("/valid")
  public string valid(@validated @requestbody person person) {
    return "success";
  }

}

5、测试符合验证请求体访问，请求体如下：

{
  "death":null,
  "bool":true,
  "fal":false,
  "min":1,
  "max":10,
  "mindeci":1,
  "maxdeci":10,
  "list":[
    {},{}
  ],
  "digits":1144.12,
  "past":"2020-10-01 10:00:00",
  "future":"2022-10-01 10:00:00",
  "phone":"15900445584",
  "email":"[e-mail]",
  "length":"ab",
  "id":" ",
  "name":"a"
}

6、故意修改不符合验证的数据

7、如果想做整体验证，如下：

package com.clickpaas.uitl;

import javax.validation.constraintviolation;
import javax.validation.validation;
import javax.validation.validator;
import java.util.list;
import java.util.set;
import java.util.stream.collectors;

/**
 * bean整体校验工具类
 *
 * @author 方延杰
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 2020/12/10 10:08 下午
 */
public class validatorutils {

  private static final validator validator = validation.builddefaultvalidatorfactory().getvalidator();

  /**
   * bean整体校验，有不合规范，拼接message
   */
  public static string validate(object obj, class<?>... groups) {

    stringbuilder errormessage = new stringbuilder();

    set<constraintviolation<object>> resultset = validator.validate(obj, groups);
    if (resultset.size() > 0) {
      //如果存在错误结果，则将其解析并进行拼凑后异常抛出
      list<string> errormessagelist = resultset.stream().map(constraintviolation::getmessage).collect(collectors.tolist());
      errormessagelist.foreach(o -> errormessage.append(o).append(";"));
    }
    return errormessage.tostring();
  }

}

8、整体测试类

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