Ajax如何传输Json和xml数据
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2022-11-22 20:24:54
ajax传输xml数据:只要把数据封装成xml格式就可以实现传输,前台js用responsexml接收xml参数,后台读取用流和dom4j来解析
前台页面
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ajax传输xml数据:只要把数据封装成xml格式就可以实现传输,前台js用responsexml接收xml参数,后台读取用流和dom4j来解析
前台页面
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageencoding="utf-8"%> <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en"> <html> <head> <title>ajax xml数据处理演示</title> <script type="text/javascript"> //get方式ajax function send1(){ alert("ok"); var name=document.getelementsbyname("name")[0].value; var age=document.getelementsbyname("age")[0].value; var xhr=null; if(window.xmlhttprequest){ xhr=new xmlhttprequest(); }else{ xhr=new activexobject("microsoft.xmlhttp"); } var url="<c:url value='/xmlservlet?name='/>"+name+"&age="+age; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("get", url, true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){ if(xhr.readystate==4){//返回 if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常 var txt=xhr.responsetext; alert(txt); } } }; xhr.send(null); } </script> <!-- 前台以xml的格式向服务器发送数据 --> <script type="text/javascript"> //post方式ajax function send2(){ alert("222"); //1创建ajax对象 var xhr = null; if(window.xmlhttprequest){//高版本 xhr = new xmlhttprequest(); }else{//低版本 xhr = new activexobject("microsoft.xmlhttp"); } //2请求地址 var url = "<c:url value='/xmlservlet'/>"; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("post", url, true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){ if(xhr.readystate==4){//返回 if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常 var xmlobj=xhr.responsexml; var users=xmlobj.getelementsbytagname("user"); for(var i=0;i<users.length;i++){ var id=users[i].getattribute("id"); var name=users[i].childnodes[0].firstchild.data;//xml中的dom模型中的操作方法,和html中有点小差别 var age=users[i].childnodes[1].firstchild.data;//不能用childnodes["age"] alert(id+","+name+","+age); } } } }; var name=document.getelementsbyname("name")[0].value; var age=document.getelementsbyname("age")[0].value; var xml="<user><name>"+name+"</name><age>"+age+"</age></user>"; xhr.send(xml); } </script> </head> <body> name: <input type="text" name="name"> <br /> age: <input type="text" name="age"> <br /> <input type="button" value="get提交" onclick="send1();" /> <br /> <input type="button" value="post提交" onclick="send2()" /> <br /> </body> </html>
后台页面
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageencoding="utf-8"%> <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en"> <html> <head> <title>ajax xml数据处理演示</title> <script type="text/javascript"> //get方式ajax function send1(){ alert("ok"); var name=document.getelementsbyname("name")[0].value; var age=document.getelementsbyname("age")[0].value; var xhr=null; if(window.xmlhttprequest){ xhr=new xmlhttprequest(); }else{ xhr=new activexobject("microsoft.xmlhttp"); } var url="<c:url value='/xmlservlet?name='/>"+name+"&age="+age; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("get", url, true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){ if(xhr.readystate==4){//返回 if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常 var txt=xhr.responsetext; alert(txt); } } }; xhr.send(null); } </script> <!-- 前台以xml的格式向服务器发送数据 --> <script type="text/javascript"> //post方式ajax function send2(){ alert("222"); //1创建ajax对象 var xhr = null; if(window.xmlhttprequest){//高版本 xhr = new xmlhttprequest(); }else{//低版本 xhr = new activexobject("microsoft.xmlhttp"); } //2请求地址 var url = "<c:url value='/xmlservlet'/>"; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("post", url, true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){ if(xhr.readystate==4){//返回 if(xhr.status==200){//响应代码正常 var xmlobj=xhr.responsexml; var users=xmlobj.getelementsbytagname("user"); for(var i=0;i<users.length;i++){ var id=users[i].getattribute("id"); var name=users[i].childnodes[0].firstchild.data;//xml中的dom模型中的操作方法,和html中有点小差别 var age=users[i].childnodes[1].firstchild.data;//不能用childnodes["age"] alert(id+","+name+","+age); } } } }; var name=document.getelementsbyname("name")[0].value; var age=document.getelementsbyname("age")[0].value; var xml="<user><name>"+name+"</name><age>"+age+"</age></user>"; xhr.send(xml); } </script> </head> <body> name: <input type="text" name="name"> <br /> age: <input type="text" name="age"> <br /> <input type="button" value="get提交" onclick="send1();" /> <br /> <input type="button" value="post提交" onclick="send2()" /> <br /> </body> </html>
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ajax传输json数据的要点利用apache或者阿里巴巴的jsonarray类进行传输
前台代码
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageencoding="utf-8"%> <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en"> <html> <head> <title>ajax json数据处理演示</title> <script type="text/javascript"> function ask1() { //1创建ajax对象 var xhr = null; if (window.xmlhttprequest) {//高版本 xhr = new xmlhttprequest(); } else {//低版本 xhr = new activexobject("microsoft.xmlhttp"); } //2请求地址 var url = "<c:url value='/jsonservlet1'/>"; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("post", url, true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange = function() { if (xhr.readystate == 4) {//返回 if (xhr.status == 200) {//响应代码正常 //※※※※※解析后台返回的json串 //js中eval()方法的功能:是校验参数文本串符合js中哪一种数据类型,并把其转换成对应类型的对象 var txt = xhr.responsetext; var users = eval("(" + txt + ")"); //把符合json格式的文本串 转换成 json对象 for ( var i = 0; i < users.length; i++) { alert(users[i].id + "," + users[i].name + "," + users[i].age); } } } }; //5 发送 xhr.send(null); } function ask2() { //1创建ajax对象 var xhr = null; if (window.xmlhttprequest) {//高版本 xhr = new xmlhttprequest(); } else {//低版本 xhr = new activexobject("microsoft.xmlhttp"); } //2请求地址 var url = "<c:url value='/jsonservlet2'/>"; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("post", url, true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange = function() { if (xhr.readystate == 4) {//返回 if (xhr.status == 200) {//响应代码正常 //※※※※※解析后台返回的json串 //js中eval()方法的功能:是校验参数文本串符合js中哪一种数据类型,并把其转换成对应类型的对象 var txt = xhr.responsetext; //alert(txt); //把符合json格式的文本串 转换成 json对象 var users = eval("(" + txt + ")"); for ( var key in users)//map的便利方式 alert("属性:" + key + ",值:" + users[key]); } //for ( var i = 0; i < users.length; i++) {//list的遍历方式 //alert(users[i].id +","+users[i].name+","+users[i].age); //} }; }; //5 发送 xhr.send(null); } function ask3() { //1创建ajax对象 var xhr = null; if (window.xmlhttprequest) {//高版本 xhr = new xmlhttprequest(); } else {//低版本 xhr = new activexobject("microsoft.xmlhttp"); } //2请求地址 var url = "<c:url value='/jsonservlet2'/>"; //3设置访问方式 xhr.open("post", url, true); //4设置访问成功返回后的操作 xhr.onreadystatechange = function() { if (xhr.readystate == 4) {//返回 if (xhr.status == 200) {//响应代码正常 //※※※※※解析后台返回的json串 //js中eval()方法的功能:是校验参数文本串符合js中哪一种数据类型,并把其转换成对应类型的对象 var txt = xhr.responsetext; //alert(txt); //把符合json格式的文本串 转换成 json对象 var users = eval("(" + txt + ")"); for ( var key in users)//map的便利方式 alert("属性:" + key + ",值:" + users[key]); } //for ( var i = 0; i < users.length; i++) {//list的遍历方式 //alert(users[i].id +","+users[i].name+","+users[i].age); //} }; }; //5 发送 xhr.send(null); } </script> </head> <body> <input type="button" onclick="ask1();" value="ajax请求后台数据(手动封装json方式)" /> <br /> <input type="button" onclick="ask2();" value="ajax请求后台数据(用apache工具封装json方式)" /> <input type="button" onclick="ask3()" value="ajax请求后台数据(用fastjson工具封装json方式)" /> </body> </html>
jsonservlet1.java
package cn.hncu.servlet; import java.io.ioexception; import java.io.printwriter; import java.util.arraylist; import java.util.list; import javax.servlet.servletexception; import javax.servlet.http.httpservlet; import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest; import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse; import cn.hncu.domain.user; public class jsonservlet1 extends httpservlet { public void doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception { dopost(request, response); } public void dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception { //调用后台service.dao.query(),到数据库当中把信息读取出来 //为简化知识点的理解,此处后台部分的功能直接模拟 response.setcontenttype("text/html;charset=utf-8"); printwriter out = response.getwriter(); list<user> users = new arraylist<user>(); users.add(new user("a001","jack",20)); users.add(new user("a002","rose",22)); users.add(new user("b001","张三",20)); users.add(new user("b002","李四",30)); string json=""; //用java封装出json格式的字符串:[{name:"jack",age:25}, {...}, {...} ] for(user u:users){ if(json.equals("")){ json="{name:\""+u.getname()+"\",id:\""+u.getid()+"\",age:"+u.getage()+"}"; }else{ json = json +",{ name:\""+u.getname()+"\",id:\""+u.getid()+"\",age:"+u.getage()+"}" ; } } json="["+json+"]"; out.print(json); } }
jsonservlet2.java
package cn.hncu.servlet; import java.io.ioexception; import java.io.printwriter; import java.util.arraylist; import java.util.hashmap; import java.util.list; import java.util.map; import javax.servlet.servletexception; import javax.servlet.http.httpservlet; import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest; import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse; import cn.hncu.domain.user; import net.sf.json.jsonarray; import net.sf.json.jsonobject; public class jsonservlet2 extends httpservlet { public void dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception { response.setcontenttype("text/html;charset=utf-8"); printwriter out = response.getwriter(); list<user> users = new arraylist<user>(); users.add(new user("a001","jack",20)); users.add(new user("a002","rose",22)); users.add(new user("b001","张三",20)); users.add(new user("b002","李四",30)); string strjson=com.alibaba.fastjson.jsonarray.tojsonstring(users); system.out.println(strjson); //用fastjson工具(只有一个jar包)帮我们把list转换成json串 map<string, object> map = new hashmap<string, object>(); map.put("addr", "湖南"); map.put("height", "170"); map.put("marry", "no"); map.put("user", new user("a003","小李",25)); string strmap=com.alibaba.fastjson.jsonarray.tojsonstring(map); out.print(strmap.tostring()); } }
jsonservlet3.java
package cn.hncu.servlet; import java.io.ioexception; import java.io.printwriter; import java.util.arraylist; import java.util.hashmap; import java.util.list; import java.util.map; import javax.servlet.servletexception; import javax.servlet.http.httpservlet; import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest; import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse; import net.sf.json.jsonarray; import net.sf.json.jsonobject; import cn.hncu.domain.user; public class jsonservlet3 extends httpservlet { public void dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception { response.setcontenttype("text/html;charset=utf-8"); printwriter out = response.getwriter(); list<user> users = new arraylist<user>(); users.add(new user("a001","jack",20)); users.add(new user("a002","rose",22)); users.add(new user("b001","张三",20)); users.add(new user("b002","李四",30)); //用fastjson工具(只有一个jar包)帮我们把list转换成json串 jsonarray json=jsonarray.fromobject(users); string strjson=json.tostring(); system.out.println(strjson); map<string, object> map = new hashmap<string, object>(); map.put("addr", "湖南"); map.put("height", "170"); map.put("marry", "no"); map.put("user", new user("a003","小李",25)); jsonobject obj = jsonobject.fromobject(map); system.out.println(obj.tostring()); out.print(obj.tostring()); } }
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