Android提高之BroadcastReceiver实例详解
程序员文章站
2022-11-05 14:48:33
前面几篇文章分别讨论了activity和service,本文就来讨论broastcastreceiver,broastcast是应用程序间通信的手段。broastcastr...
前面几篇文章分别讨论了activity和service,本文就来讨论broastcastreceiver,broastcast是应用程序间通信的手段。broastcastreceiver也是跟intent紧密相连的,动态/静态注册了broastcastreceiver之后,使用sendbroadcast把intent发送之后,系统会自动把符合条件的broastcastreceiver启动,这和嵌入式系统的中断类似。
本文所示实例代码主要演示了如何静态/动态注册broastcastreceiver,向系统索取电量信息,以及枚举信息的字段等功能和。
程序运行截图如下所示:
上图是发送intent至内部动态注册的broadcastreceiver,接收到之后显示消息名称。动态注册broadcastreceiver用到registerreceiver()。
上图是发送intent至内部静态注册的broadcastreceiver,接收到之后显示消息名称。静态注册比动态注册麻烦点,先新建一个类继承broadcastreceiver,然后到androidmanifest.xml 添加
<receiver android:name="clsreceiver2"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_2"/> </intent-filter> </receiver>
第一个name是类名,第二个是action的名称。
上图是枚举intent消息的字段,这个功能比较适合懒人,把收到的intent消息的字段全部分解了,再看看哪个需要的,懒得记住。实现这部分的代码如下:
//当未知intent包含的内容,则需要通过以下方法来列举 bundle b=intent.getextras(); object[] lstname=b.keyset().toarray(); for(int i=0;i<lstname.length;i++) { string keyname=lstname[i].tostring(); log.e(keyname,string.valueof(b.get(keyname))); }
main.xml的代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"> <button android:id="@+id/button01" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="发送至内部动态注册的broadcastreceiver"></button> <button android:id="@+id/button02" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="发送至内部静态注册broadcastreceiver"></button> <button android:id="@+id/button03" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="发送至系统broadcastreceiver"></button> </linearlayout>
testbroadcastreceiver.java的代码如下:
package com.testbroadcastreceiver; import android.app.activity; import android.content.broadcastreceiver; import android.content.context; import android.content.intent; import android.content.intentfilter; import android.os.bundle; import android.util.log; import android.view.view; import android.widget.button; import android.widget.toast; public class testbroadcastreceiver extends activity { button btninternal1,btninternal2,btnsystem; static final string intenal_action_1 = "com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_1"; static final string intenal_action_2 = "com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_2"; static final string intenal_action_3 = "com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_3"; @override public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { super.oncreate(savedinstancestate); setcontentview(r.layout.main); btninternal1=(button)this.findviewbyid(r.id.button01); btninternal1.setonclicklistener(new clickevent()); btninternal2=(button)this.findviewbyid(r.id.button02); btninternal2.setonclicklistener(new clickevent()); btnsystem=(button)this.findviewbyid(r.id.button03); btnsystem.setonclicklistener(new clickevent()); //动态注册广播消息 registerreceiver(bcrintenal1, new intentfilter(intenal_action_1)); } class clickevent implements view.onclicklistener{ @override public void onclick(view v) { if(v==btninternal1)//给动态注册的broadcastreceiver发送数据 { intent intent = new intent(intenal_action_1); sendbroadcast(intent); } else if(v==btninternal2)//给静态注册的broadcastreceiver发送数据 { intent intent = new intent(intenal_action_2); sendbroadcast(intent); } else if(v==btnsystem)//动态注册 接收2组信息的broadcastreceiver { intentfilter filter = new intentfilter();// filter.addaction(intent.action_battery_changed);//系统电量检测信息 filter.addaction(intenal_action_3);//第三组自定义消息 registerreceiver(batinforeceiver, filter); intent intent = new intent(intenal_action_3); intent.putextra("name", "hellogv"); intent.putextra("blog", "http://blog.csdn.net/hellogv"); sendbroadcast(intent);//传递过去 } } } /* * 接收动态注册广播的broadcastreceiver */ private broadcastreceiver bcrintenal1 = new broadcastreceiver() { public void onreceive(context context, intent intent) { string action = intent.getaction(); toast.maketext(context, "动态:"+action, 1000).show(); } }; private broadcastreceiver batinforeceiver = new broadcastreceiver() { public void onreceive(context context, intent intent) { string action = intent.getaction(); //如果捕捉到的action是action_battery_changed if (intent.action_battery_changed.equals(action)) { //当未知intent包含的内容,则需要通过以下方法来列举 bundle b=intent.getextras(); object[] lstname=b.keyset().toarray(); for(int i=0;i<lstname.length;i++) { string keyname=lstname[i].tostring(); log.e(keyname,string.valueof(b.get(keyname))); } } //如果捕捉到的action是intenal_action_3 if (intenal_action_3.equals(action)) { //当未知intent包含的内容,则需要通过以下方法来列举 bundle b=intent.getextras(); object[] lstname=b.keyset().toarray(); for(int i=0;i<lstname.length;i++) { string keyname=lstname[i].tostring(); log.e(keyname,b.getstring(keyname)); } } } }; }
clsreceiver2.java的代码如下:
package com.testbroadcastreceiver; import android.content.broadcastreceiver; import android.content.context; import android.content.intent; import android.widget.toast; /* * 接收静态注册广播的broadcastreceiver, * step1:要到androidmanifest.xml这里注册消息 * <receiver android:name="clsreceiver2"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_2"/> </intent-filter> </receiver> step2:定义消息的字符串 step3:通过intent传递消息来驱使broadcastreceiver触发 */ public class clsreceiver2 extends broadcastreceiver{ @override public void onreceive(context context, intent intent) { string action = intent.getaction(); toast.maketext(context, "静态:"+action, 1000).show(); } }
感兴趣的朋友可以调试运行该实例,希望能够对大家的android项目开发起到一点帮助作用。