linux系统下Dhcp服务介绍

dhcp服务：

一.服务端

(1)配置服务器ip为静态

1.通过图形修改：nm-connection-editor

2.配置yum源

cd /etc/yum.repos.d------ls------vim rhel_dvd.repo(配置yum源)------yum install dhcp -y(安装dhcp)------ yum clean all(清空yum缓

存)

3.rpm -qc dhcp 查看dhcp的配置文件在哪里

4.vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 查看配置文件

5.cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example(配置文件模板) /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf复制配置文件模板到/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf。

6.vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 修改配置文件

编辑内容如下：

6 # option definitions common to all supported networks...

7 option domain-name "westos.com"; **域名

8 option domain-name-servers 172.25.254.250; **dns地址

9

10 default-lease-time 600; **默认租约期限

11 max-lease-time 7200; **最长租约期限

12

13 # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.

14 #ddns-update-style none;

15

16 # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local

17 # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.

18 #authoritative;

19

20 # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also

21 # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).

22 log-facility local7; **日志级别

23

24 # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the

25 # DHCP server to understand the network topology.

26

27

28

29 # This is a very basic subnet declaration.

30

31 subnet 172.25.254.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { **设定分配ip的网络位

32 range 172.25.254.200 172.25.254.220; **ip地址池

33 option routers 172.25.254.250; **客户主机获得的网关

7.systemctl restart dhcpd **重启dhcp服务

二.客户端

1.编辑配置文件修改dhcp：vim

编辑内容如下：

HWADDR=52：54：00：00：07：0B

TYPE=Ethernet

BOOTPROTO=dhcp

NAME=eth0

ONBOOT=yes

2.systemctl restart network **重启服务获得ip

3.ifconfig **查看ip

三.cat /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases **查看分配的ip客户端的mac(物理)地址

se 172.25.254.212 {

starts 4 2018/04/12 05:06:56;

ends 4 2018/04/12 05:16:56;

cltt 4 2018/04/12 05:06:56;

binding state active;

next binding state free;

rewind binding state free;

hardware ethernet 52:54:00:00:07:0b; 客户端mac(物理)地址

}

tftp服务：

服务端：

1.yum install tftp -y(安装tftp服务)

2.cd /var/lib/tftpboot/ **移动到目录下

3.mkdir pxelinux.cfg **新建目录

4.cp isolinux.cfg pxelinux.cfg/default **复制文件

5.scp root@172.25.254.7:/var/www/html/pub/rhel7.2/isolinux/* /var/lib/tftpboot/

**复制镜像中的文件

6.编辑配置文件：vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

编辑内容：

# default: off

# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \

# protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \

# workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \

# and to start the installation process for some operating systems.

service tftp

{

socket_type = dgram

protocol = udp

wait = yes

user = root

server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd

server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot

disable = no **开启tftp

per_source = 11

cps = 100 2

flags = IPv4

}

7.systemctl restart xinetd.service **重启服务

8.chkconfig --list **查看状态

xinetd based services:

chargen-dgram: off

chargen-stream: off

daytime-dgram: off

daytime-stream: off

discard-dgram: off

discard-stream: off

echo-dgram: off

echo-stream: off

tcpmux-server: off

tftp: on **tftp服务开启

time-dgram: off

time-stream: off

9.编辑配置文件：vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

内容为：

# This is a very basic subnet declaration.

subnet 172.25.254.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

range 172.25.254.200 172.25.254.220;

option routers 172.25.254.250;

next-server 172.25.254.107;

filename "pxelinux.0";

}

10.systemctl restart dhcpd **重启服务

11.systemctl stop firewalld **关闭防火墙

测试端：

1.virt-manager **开启显示虚拟机

2.点灯泡------boot options------网卡------屏幕------开始

通过物理地址安装虚拟机：

服务端：

1.编辑文件：vim default

内容如下：

64 kernel vmlinuz

65 append initrd=initrd.img repo=http://172.25.254.7/pub/rhel7.2/ **yum源位置

66

67 label check61 label linux

62 menu label ^Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2

63 menu default **默认在第一行

64 kernel vmlinuz

2.systemctl stop firewalld **关闭防火墙

测试端：

1.virt-manager **开启显示虚拟机

2.点灯泡------boot options------网卡------屏幕------开始

10.systemctl restart dhcpd **重启服务

11.systemctl stop firewalld **关闭防火墙