Asp.net中GridView使用详解(转载)

程序员文章站 2022-11-02 15:22:58

l GridView无代码分页排序 l GridView选中，编辑，取消，删除 l GridView正反双向排序 l GridView和下拉菜单DropDownList结合 l GridView和CheckBox结合 l 鼠标移到GridView某一行时改变该行的背景色方法一 l 鼠标移到GridV ......

l GridView无代码分页排序

l GridView选中，编辑，取消，删除

l GridView正反双向排序

l GridView和下拉菜单DropDownList结合

l GridView和CheckBox结合

l 鼠标移到GridView某一行时改变该行的背景色方法一

l 鼠标移到GridView某一行时改变该行的背景色方法二

l GridView实现删除时弹出确认对话框

l GridView实现自动编号

l GridView实现自定义时间货币等字符串格式

l GridView实现用“...”代替超长字符串

l GridView一般换行与强制换行

l GridView显示隐藏某一列

l GridView弹出新页面/弹出新窗口

l GridView固定表头(不用JavaScript只用CSS，2行代码，很好用)

l GridView合并表头多重表头无错完美版（以合并3列3行举例）

l GridView突出显示某一单元格（例如金额低于多少，分数不及格等）

l GridView加入自动求和求平均值小计

l GridView数据导入Excel/Excel数据读入GridView

1.GridView简单代码分页排序：

1.AllowSorting设为True，aspx代码中是AllowSorting="True"；

2.默认1页10条，如果要修改每页条数，修改PageSize即可，在aspx代码中是PageSize="12"。

3.默认的是单向排序的，右击GridView弹出“属性”，选择AllowSorting为True即可。

4.添加代码:

protected void GridView1_PageIndexChanging(object sender, GridViewPageEventArgs e)

{

GridView1.PageIndex = e.NewPageIndex;

Bind();

}

2.GridView选中，编辑，取消，删除：

后台代码：

using System;

using System.Data;

using System.Configuration;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Security;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;

using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page

{

SqlConnection sqlcon;

SqlCommand sqlcom;

string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=数据库名;Uid=帐号;Pwd=密码";

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

if (!IsPostBack)

{

bind();

}

protected void GridView1_RowEditing(object sender, GridViewEditEventArgs e)

{

GridView1.EditIndex = e.NewEditIndex;

bind();

}

//删除

protected void GridView1_RowDeleting(object sender, GridViewDeleteEventArgs e)

{

string sqlstr = "delete from 表 where id='" + GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString() + "'";

sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);

sqlcom = new SqlCommand(sqlstr,sqlcon);

sqlcon.Open();

sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery();

sqlcon.Close();

bind();

}

//更新

protected void GridView1_RowUpdating(object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e)

{

sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);

string sqlstr = "update 表 set 字段1='"

+ ((TextBox)(GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[1].Controls[0])).Text.ToString().Trim() + "',字段2='"

+ ((TextBox)(GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[2].Controls[0])).Text.ToString().Trim() + "',字段3='"

+ ((TextBox)(GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[3].Controls[0])).Text.ToString().Trim() + "' where id='"

+ GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString() + "'";

sqlcom=new SqlCommand(sqlstr,sqlcon);

sqlcon.Open();

sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery();

sqlcon.Close();

GridView1.EditIndex = -1;

bind();

}

//取消

protected void GridView1_RowCancelingEdit(object sender, GridViewCancelEditEventArgs e)

{

GridView1.EditIndex = -1;

bind();

}

//绑定

public void bind()

{

string sqlstr = "select * from 表";

sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);

SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon);

DataSet myds = new DataSet();

sqlcon.Open();

myda.Fill(myds, "表");

GridView1.DataSource = myds;

GridView1.DataKeyNames = new string[] { "id" };//主键

GridView1.DataBind();

sqlcon.Close();

}

前台主要代码：

... ...

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False" CellPadding="4"

ForeColor="#333333" GridLines="None" OnRowDeleting="GridView1_RowDeleting" OnRowEditing="GridView1_RowEditing"

OnRowUpdating="GridView1_RowUpdating" OnRowCancelingEdit="GridView1_RowCancelingEdit">

<asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="用户ID" ReadOnly="True" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="用户姓名" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="员工性别" HeaderText="性别" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="家庭住址" HeaderText="家庭住址" />

<asp:CommandField HeaderText="选择" ShowSelectButton="True" />

<asp:CommandField HeaderText="编辑" ShowEditButton="True" />

<asp:CommandField HeaderText="删除" ShowDeleteButton="True" />

</Columns>

</asp:GridView>

3.GridView正反双向排序：

后台代码：

using System;

using System.Data;

using System.Configuration;

using System.Collections;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Security;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;

using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

public partial class Default3 : System.Web.UI.Page

{ SqlConnection sqlcon;

string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=北风贸易;Uid=sa;Pwd=";

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

if (!IsPostBack)

{

ViewState["SortOrder"] = "身份证号码";

ViewState["OrderDire"] = "ASC";

bind();

}

protected void GridView1_Sorting(object sender, GridViewSortEventArgs e)

{

string sPage = e.SortExpression;

if (ViewState["SortOrder"].ToString() == sPage)

{

if (ViewState["OrderDire"].ToString() == "Desc")

ViewState["OrderDire"] = "ASC";

else

ViewState["OrderDire"] = "Desc";

}

else

{

ViewState["SortOrder"] = e.SortExpression;

}

bind();

}

public void bind()

{

string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室";

sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);

SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon);

DataSet myds = new DataSet();

sqlcon.Open();

myda.Fill(myds, "飞狐工作室");

DataView view = myds.Tables["飞狐工作室"].DefaultView;

string sort = (string)ViewState["SortOrder"] + " " + (string)ViewState["OrderDire"];

view.Sort = sort;

GridView1.DataSource = view;

GridView1.DataBind();

sqlcon.Close();

}

前台主要代码：

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AllowSorting="True" AutoGenerateColumns="False"

CellPadding="3" Font-Size="9pt" OnSorting="GridView1_Sorting" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#CCCCCC" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px">

<asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="用户ID" SortExpression="身份证号码" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="用户姓名" SortExpression="姓名"/>

<asp:BoundField DataField="员工性别" HeaderText="性别" SortExpression="员工性别"/>

<asp:BoundField DataField="家庭住址" HeaderText="家庭住址" SortExpression="家庭住址"/>

</Columns>

</asp:GridView>

4.GridView和下拉菜单DropDownList结合：

后台代码：

using System;

using System.Data;

using System.Configuration;

using System.Collections;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Security;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;

using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

public partial class Default4 : System.Web.UI.Page

{

SqlConnection sqlcon;

string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=北风贸易;Uid=sa;Pwd=sa";

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

DropDownList ddl;

if (!IsPostBack)

{

string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室";

sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);

SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon);

DataSet myds = new DataSet();

sqlcon.Open();

myda.Fill(myds, "飞狐工作室");

GridView1.DataSource = myds;

GridView1.DataBind();

for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++)

{

DataRowView mydrv = myds.Tables["飞狐工作室"].DefaultView[i];

if (Convert.ToString(mydrv["员工性别"]).Trim() == "True")

{

ddl = (DropDownList)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("DropDownList1");

ddl.SelectedIndex = 0;

}

if (Convert.ToString(mydrv["员工性别"]).Trim() == "False")

{

ddl = (DropDownList)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("DropDownList1");

ddl.SelectedIndex = 1;

}

sqlcon.Close();

}

public SqlDataReader ddlbind()

{

string sqlstr = "select distinct 员工性别 from 飞狐工作室";

sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);

SqlCommand sqlcom = new SqlCommand(sqlstr, sqlcon);

sqlcon.Open();

return sqlcom.ExecuteReader();

}

前台主要代码：

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AllowSorting="True" AutoGenerateColumns="False"

CellPadding="3" Font-Size="9pt" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#CCCCCC" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px">

<asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="用户ID" SortExpression="身份证号码" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="用户姓名" SortExpression="姓名"/>

<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="员工性别">

<asp:DropDownList ID="DropDownList1" runat="server" DataSource='<%# ddlbind()%>' DataValueField="员工性别" DataTextField="员工性别">

</asp:DropDownList>

</ItemTemplate>

</asp:TemplateField>

<asp:BoundField DataField="家庭住址" HeaderText="家庭住址" SortExpression="家庭住址"/>

</Columns>

</asp:GridView>

5.GridView和CheckBox结合：

后台代码：

using System;

using System.Data;

using System.Configuration;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Security;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;

using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

public partial class Default5 : System.Web.UI.Page

{

SqlConnection sqlcon;

string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=北风贸易;Uid=sa;Pwd=sa";

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

if (!IsPostBack)

{

bind();

}

protected void CheckBox2_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++)

{

CheckBox cbox = (CheckBox)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("CheckBox1");

if (CheckBox2.Checked == true)

{

cbox.Checked = true;

}

else

{

cbox.Checked = false;

}

protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);

SqlCommand sqlcom;

for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++)

{

CheckBox cbox = (CheckBox)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("CheckBox1");

if (cbox.Checked == true)

{

string sqlstr = "delete from 飞狐工作室 where 身份证号码='" + GridView1.DataKeys[i].Value + "'";

sqlcom = new SqlCommand(sqlstr, sqlcon);

sqlcon.Open();

sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery();

sqlcon.Close();

}

bind();

}

protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

CheckBox2.Checked = false;

for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++)

{

CheckBox cbox = (CheckBox)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("CheckBox1");

cbox.Checked = false;

}

public void bind()

{

string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室";

sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);

SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon);

DataSet myds = new DataSet();

sqlcon.Open();

myda.Fill(myds, "tb_Member");

GridView1.DataSource = myds;

GridView1.DataKeyNames = new string[] { "身份证号码" };

GridView1.DataBind();

sqlcon.Close();

}

前台主要代码：

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AllowSorting="True" AutoGenerateColumns="False"

CellPadding="3" Font-Size="9pt" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#CCCCCC" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px">

<asp:TemplateField>

<asp:CheckBox ID="CheckBox1" runat="server" />

</ItemTemplate>

</asp:TemplateField>

<asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="用户ID" SortExpression="身份证号码" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="用户姓名" SortExpression="姓名"/>

<asp:BoundField DataField="家庭住址" HeaderText="家庭住址" SortExpression="家庭住址"/>

</Columns>

</asp:GridView>

<asp:CheckBox ID="CheckBox2" runat="server" AutoPostBack="True" Font-Size="9pt" OnCheckedChanged="CheckBox2_CheckedChanged"

Text="全选" />

<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Font-Size="9pt" Text="取消" OnClick="Button1_Click" />

<asp:Button ID="Button2" runat="server" Font-Size="9pt" Text="删除" OnClick="Button2_Click" />

6.鼠标移到GridView某一行时改变该行的背景色方法一：

做法：

双击GridView的OnRowDataBound事件；

在后台的GridView1_RowDataBound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示：

protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e)

{

　　　　//首先判断是否是数据行

if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow)

{

//当鼠标停留时更改背景色

e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseover", "c=this.style.backgroundColor;this.style.backgroundColor='#00A9FF'");

//当鼠标移开时还原背景色

e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundColor=c");

}

前台代码：

<title>实现鼠标划过改变GridView的行背景色清清月儿http://blog.csdn.net/21aspnet </title>

</head>

<body>

<div>

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False" DataKeyNames="身份证号码"

DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1" AllowSorting="True" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#CCCCCC" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px" CellPadding="3" Font-Size="12px" OnRowDataBound="GridView1_RowDataBound">

<asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="身份证号码" ReadOnly="True" SortExpression="身份证号码" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="姓名" SortExpression="姓名" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="家庭住址" HeaderText="家庭住址" SortExpression="家庭住址" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="邮政编码" HeaderText="邮政编码" SortExpression="邮政编码" />

</Columns>

</asp:GridView>

<asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource1" runat="server" ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:北风贸易ConnectionString1 %>"

SelectCommand="SELECT top 5 [身份证号码], [姓名], [员工性别], [家庭住址], [邮政编码] FROM [飞狐工作室]" DataSourceMode="DataReader"></asp:SqlDataSource>

</div>

</form>

</body>

</html>

7.鼠标移到GridView某一行时改变该行的背景色方法二：

做法：和上面的一样就是代码不同

protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e)

{

//如果是绑定数据行

if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow)

{

//鼠标经过时，行背景色变

e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseover", "this.style.backgroundColor='#E6F5FA'");

//鼠标移出时，行背景色变

e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundColor='#FFFFFF'");

}

8.GridView实现删除时弹出确认对话框：

实现方法：

双击GridView的OnRowDataBound事件；

在后台的GridView1_RowDataBound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示：

protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e)

{

//如果是绑定数据行

if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow)

{

if (e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Normal || e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Alternate)

{

((LinkButton)e.Row.Cells[6].Controls[0]).Attributes.Add("onclick", "javascript:return confirm('你确认要删除：/"" + e.Row.Cells[1].Text + "/"吗?')");

}

9.GridView实现自动编号：

实现方法：

双击GridView的OnRowDataBound事件；

在后台的GridView1_RowDataBound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示：

protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e)

{

if (e.Row.RowIndex != -1)

{

int id = e.Row.RowIndex + 1;

e.Row.Cells[0].Text = id.ToString();

}

注意这时最好把前台的第一列的表头该为“编号”，因为以前的第一列被“吃掉”了。

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False" CellPadding="3" OnRowDeleting="GridView1_RowDeleting" OnRowEditing="GridView1_RowEditing"

OnRowUpdating="GridView1_RowUpdating" OnRowCancelingEdit="GridView1_RowCancelingEdit" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#CCCCCC" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px" Font-Size="12px" OnRowDataBound="GridView1_RowDataBound">

<asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="编号" ReadOnly="True" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="用户姓名" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="员工性别" HeaderText="性别" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="家庭住址" HeaderText="家庭住址" />

<asp:CommandField HeaderText="选择" ShowSelectButton="True" />

<asp:CommandField HeaderText="编辑" ShowEditButton="True" />

<asp:CommandField HeaderText="删除" ShowDeleteButton="True" />

</Columns>

</asp:GridView>

10.GridView实现自定义时间货币等字符串格式：

解决方法：

在asp.NET 2.0中，如果要在绑定列中显示比如日期格式等，如果用下面的方法是显示不了的

<asp :BoundField DataField="CreationDate"

DataFormatString="{0:M-dd-yyyy}"

HeaderText="CreationDate" />

主要是由于htmlencode属性默认设置为true,已防止XSS攻击，安全起见而用的，所以，可以有以下两种方法解决

1、

<asp :BoundField DataField="CreationDate"

DataFormatString="{0:M-dd-yyyy}"

HtmlEncode="false"

HeaderText="CreationDate" />

</columns>

</asp>

将htmlencode设置为false即可

另外的解决方法为，使用模版列

<asp :Label ID="Label1" runat="server"

Text='<%# Eval("CreationDate", "{0:M-dd-yyyy}") %>'>

</asp>

</edititemtemplate>

<asp :Label ID="Label1" runat="server"

Text=’<%# Bind("CreationDate", "{0:M-dd-yyyy}") %>'>

</asp>

</itemtemplate>

</asp>

</columns>

</asp>

前台代码：

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False" DataKeyNames="身份证号码"

<asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="身份证号码" ReadOnly="True" SortExpression="身份证号码" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="姓名" SortExpression="姓名" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="邮政编码" HeaderText="邮政编码" SortExpression="邮政编码" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="出生日期" HeaderText="出生日期" SortExpression="出生日期" />

<asp:BoundField DataField="起薪" HeaderText="起薪" SortExpression="起薪" />

</Columns>

</asp:GridView>

<asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource1" runat="server" ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:北风贸易ConnectionString1 %>"

SelectCommand="SELECT top 5 [出生日期], [起薪], [身份证号码], [姓名], [家庭住址], [邮政编码] FROM [飞狐工作室]" DataSourceMode="DataReader"></asp:SqlDataSource>

附录-常用格式化公式：

{0:C} 货币；

{0:D4}由0填充的4个字符宽的字段中显示整数；

{0:000.0}四舍五入小数点保留第几位有效数字；

{0:N2}小数点保留2位有效数字；{0:N2}% 小数点保留2位有效数字加百分号；

{0:D}长日期；{0:d}短日期；{0:yy-MM-dd} 例如07-3-25；；{0:yyyy-MM-dd} 例如2007-3-25

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