Shiro + JWT + SpringBoot应用示例代码详解

1.shiro的简介

apache shiro是一种功能强大且易于使用的java安全框架，它执行身份验证，授权，加密和会话管理，可用于保护 从命令行应用程序，移动应用程序到web和企业应用程序等应用的安全。

• authentication 身份认证/登录，验证用户是不是拥有相应的身份；
• authorization 授权，即权限验证，验证某个已认证的用户是否拥有某个权限；即判断用户是否能做事情，常见的如：验证某个用户是否拥有某个角色。或者细粒度的验证某个用户对某个资源是否具有某个权限；
• cryptography 安全数据加密，保护数据的安全性，如密码加密存储到数据库，而不是明文存储；
• session management 会话管理，即用户登录后就是一次会话，在没有退出之前，它的所有信息都在会话中；
• web integration web系统集成
• interations 集成其它应用，spring、缓存框架

从应用程序角度的来观察如何使用shiro完成工作：

subject：主体，代表了当前“用户”，这个用户不一定是一个具体的人，与当前应用交互的任何东西都是subject，如网络爬虫，机器人等；即一个抽象概念；所有subject都绑定到securitymanager，与subject的所有交互都会委托给securitymanager；可以把subject认为是一个门面；securitymanager才是实际的执行者；

securitymanager：安全管理器；即所有与安全有关的操作都会与securitymanager交互；且它管理着所有subject；可以看出它是shiro的核心，它负责与后边介绍的其他组件进行交互，如果学习过springmvc，你可以把它看成dispatcherservlet前端控制器；

realm：域，shiro从从realm获取安全数据（如用户、角色、权限），就是说securitymanager要验证用户身份，那么它需要从realm获取相应的用户进行比较以确定用户身份是否合法；也需要从realm得到用户相应的角色/权限进行验证用户是否能进行操作；可以把realm看成datasource，即安全数据源。

也就是说对于我们而言，最简单的一个shiro应用：

1、应用代码通过subject来进行认证和授权，而subject又委托给securitymanager；

2、我们需要给shiro的securitymanager注入realm，从而让securitymanager能得到合法的用户及其权限进行判断。

2.shiro + jwt + springboot

1.导入依赖

<dependency>
 <groupid>org.apache.shiro</groupid>
 <artifactid>shiro-spring</artifactid>
 <version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
 <groupid>com.auth0</groupid>
 <artifactid>java-jwt</artifactid>
 <version>3.8.2</version>
</dependency>

2.配置jwt

public class jwtutil {
 /**
 * 校验 token是否正确
 *
 * @param token 密钥
 * @param secret 用户的密码
 * @return 是否正确
 */
 public static boolean verify(string token, string username, string secret) {
 try {
  algorithm algorithm = algorithm.hmac256(secret);
  jwtverifier verifier = jwt.require(algorithm)
   .withclaim("username", username)
   .build();
  verifier.verify(token);
  return true;
 } catch (exception e) {
  log.info("token is invalid{}", e.getmessage());
  return false;
 }
 }

 public static string getusername(httpservletrequest request) {
 // 取token
 string token = request.getheader("authorization");
 return getusername(uofferutil.decrypttoken(token));
 }
 /**
 * 从 token中获取用户名
 * @return token中包含的用户名
 */
 public static string getusername(string token) {
 try {
  decodedjwt jwt = jwt.decode(token);
  return jwt.getclaim("username").asstring();
 } catch (jwtdecodeexception e) {
  log.error("error：{}", e.getmessage());
  return null;
 }
 }
 
 public static integer getuserid(httpservletrequest request) {
 // 取token
 string token = request.getheader("authorization");
 return getuserid(uofferutil.decrypttoken(token));
 }
 /**
 * 从 token中获取用户id
 * @return token中包含的id
 */
 public static integer getuserid(string token) {
 try {
  decodedjwt jwt = jwt.decode(token);
  return integer.valueof(jwt.getsubject());
 } catch (jwtdecodeexception e) {
  log.error("error：{}", e.getmessage());
  return null;
 }
 }


 /**
 * 生成 token
 * @param username 用户名
 * @param secret 用户的密码
 * @return token 加密的token
 */
 public static string sign(string username, string secret, integer userid) {
 try {
  map<string, object> map = new hashmap<>();
  map.put("alg", "hs256");
  map.put("typ", "jwt");
  username = stringutils.lowercase(username);
  algorithm algorithm = algorithm.hmac256(secret);
  return jwt.create()
   .withheader(map)
   .withclaim("username", username)
   .withsubject(string.valueof(userid))
   .withissuedat(new date())
//   .withexpiresat(date)
   .sign(algorithm);
 } catch (exception e) {
  log.error("error：{}", e);
  return null;
 }
 }
}

3.配置shiro

4.实现jwttoken

token自己已经包含了用户名等信息。

@data
public class jwttoken implements authenticationtoken {

 private static final long serialversionuid = 1282057025599826155l;

 private string token;

 private string exipreat;

 public jwttoken(string token) {
 this.token = token;
 }

 public jwttoken(string token, string exipreat) {
 this.token = token;
 this.exipreat = exipreat;
 }

 @override
 public object getprincipal() {
 return token;
 }

 @override
 public object getcredentials() {
 return token;
 }

}

5.实现realm

自定义实现 shirorealm，包含认证和授权两大模块。

public class shirorealm extends authorizingrealm {

 @resource
 private redisutil redisutil;

 @autowired
 private isysuserservice userservice;

 @autowired
 private isysroleservice roleservice;

 @autowired
 private isysmenuservice menuservice;

 // 必须重写此方法，不然shiro会报错
 @override
 public boolean supports(authenticationtoken token) {
 return token instanceof jwttoken;
 }

 /**
 * 只有当需要检测用户权限的时候才会调用此方法
 * 授权模块，获取用户角色和权限。
 * @param token token
 * @return authorizationinfo 权限信息
 */
 @override
 protected authorizationinfo dogetauthorizationinfo(principalcollection token) {
 integer userid = jwtutil.getuserid(token.tostring());

 simpleauthorizationinfo simpleauthorizationinfo = new simpleauthorizationinfo();

 // 获取用户角色集
 set<string> roleset = roleservice.selectrolepermissionbyuserid(userid);
 simpleauthorizationinfo.setroles(roleset);

 // 获取用户权限集
 set<string> permissionset = menuservice.finduserpermissionsbyuserid(userid);
 simpleauthorizationinfo.setstringpermissions(permissionset);
 return simpleauthorizationinfo;
 }

 /**
 * 用户认证:编写shiro判断逻辑，进行用户认证
 * @param authenticationtoken 身份认证 token
 * @return authenticationinfo 身份认证信息
 * @throws authenticationexception 认证相关异常
 */
 @override
 protected authenticationinfo dogetauthenticationinfo(authenticationtoken authenticationtoken) throws authenticationexception {
 // 这里的 token是从 jwtfilter 的 executelogin 方法传递过来的，已经经过了解密
 string token = (string) authenticationtoken.getcredentials();
 string encrypttoken = uofferutil.encrypttoken(token); //加密token
 string username = jwtutil.getusername(token); //从token中获取username
 integer userid = jwtutil.getuserid(token); //从token中获取userid

 // 通过redis查看token是否过期
 httpservletrequest request = httpcontextutil.gethttpservletrequest();
 string ip = iputil.getipaddr(request);
 string encrypttokeninredis = redisutil.get(constant.rm_token_cache + encrypttoken + stringpool.underscore + ip);
 if (!token.equalsignorecase(uofferutil.decrypttoken(encrypttokeninredis))) {
  throw new authenticationexception("token已经过期");
 }

 // 如果找不到，说明已经失效
 if (stringutils.isblank(encrypttokeninredis)) {
  throw new authenticationexception("token已经过期");
 }

 if (stringutils.isblank(username)) {
  throw new authenticationexception("token校验不通过");
 }

 // 通过用户id查询用户信息
 sysuser user = userservice.getbyid(userid);

 if (user == null) {
  throw new authenticationexception("用户名或密码错误");
 }
 if (!jwtutil.verify(token, username, user.getpassword())) {
  throw new authenticationexception("token校验不通过");
 }
 return new simpleauthenticationinfo(token, token, "febs_shiro_realm");
 }
}

6.重写filter

所有的请求都会先经过 filter，所以我们继承官方的 basichttpauthenticationfilter ，并且重写鉴权的方法。

代码的执行流程 prehandle -> isaccessallowed -> isloginattempt -> executelogin 。

@slf4j
public class jwtfilter extends basichttpauthenticationfilter {

 private static final string token = "authorization";

 private antpathmatcher pathmatcher = new antpathmatcher();

 /**
 * 对跨域提供支持
 */
 @override
 protected boolean prehandle(servletrequest request, servletresponse response) throws exception {
 httpservletrequest httpservletrequest = (httpservletrequest) request;
 httpservletresponse httpservletresponse = (httpservletresponse) response;
 httpservletresponse.setheader("access-control-allow-origin", httpservletrequest.getheader("origin"));
 httpservletresponse.setheader("access-control-allow-methods", "get,post,options,put,delete");
 httpservletresponse.setheader("access-control-allow-headers", httpservletrequest.getheader("access-control-request-headers"));
 // 跨域时会首先发送一个 option请求，这里我们给 option请求直接返回正常状态
 if (httpservletrequest.getmethod().equals(requestmethod.options.name())) {
  httpservletresponse.setstatus(httpstatus.ok.value());
  return false;
 }
 return super.prehandle(request, response);
 }
 
 @override
 protected boolean isaccessallowed(servletrequest request, servletresponse response, object mappedvalue) throws unauthorizedexception {
 httpservletrequest httpservletrequest = (httpservletrequest) request;
 uofferproperties uofferproperties = springcontextutil.getbean(uofferproperties.class);
 // 获取免认证接口 url 
 // 在application.yml中配置/adminapi/auth/dologin/**,/adminapi/auth/register/**, ...
 string[] anonurl = stringutils.splitbywholeseparatorpreservealltokens(uofferproperties.getshiro().getanonurl(), ",");

 boolean match = false;
 for (string u : anonurl) {
  if (pathmatcher.match(u, httpservletrequest.getrequesturi())) {
  match = true;
  }
 }
 if (match) {
  return true;
 }
 if (isloginattempt(request, response)) {
  return executelogin(request, response);
 }
 return false;
 }

 /**
 * 判断用户是否想要登入。
 * 检测header里面是否包含authorization字段即可
 */
 @override
 protected boolean isloginattempt(servletrequest request, servletresponse response) {
 httpservletrequest req = (httpservletrequest) request;
 string token = req.getheader(token);
 return token != null;
 }

 @override
 protected boolean executelogin(servletrequest request, servletresponse response) {
 httpservletrequest httpservletrequest = (httpservletrequest) request;
 string token = httpservletrequest.getheader(token); //得到token
 jwttoken jwttoken = new jwttoken(uofferutil.decrypttoken(token)); // 解密token
 try {
  // 提交给realm进行登入，如果错误他会抛出异常并被捕获
  getsubject(request, response).login(jwttoken);
  // 如果没有抛出异常则代表登入成功，返回true
  return true;
 } catch (exception e) {
  log.error(e.getmessage());
  return false;
 }
 }

 @override
 protected boolean sendchallenge(servletrequest request, servletresponse response) {
 log.debug("authentication required: sending 401 authentication challenge response.");
 httpservletresponse httpresponse = webutils.tohttp(response);
// httpresponse.setstatus(httpstatus.unauthorized.value());
 httpresponse.setcharacterencoding("utf-8");
 httpresponse.setcontenttype("application/json; charset=utf-8");
 final string message = "未认证，请在前端系统进行认证";
 final integer status = 401;
 try (printwriter out = httpresponse.getwriter()) {
//  string responsejson = "{\"message\":\"" + message + "\"}";
  jsonobject responsejson = new jsonobject();
  responsejson.put("msg", message);
  responsejson.put("status", status);
  out.print(responsejson);
 } catch (ioexception e) {
  log.error("sendchallenge error：", e);
 }
 return false;
 }
}

7. shiroconfig

@configuration
public class shiroconfig {

 @bean
 public shirorealm shirorealm() {
 // 配置 realm
 return new shirorealm();
 }
 
 // 创建defaultwebsecuritymanager
 @bean("securitymanager")
 public securitymanager securitymanager() {
 defaultwebsecuritymanager securitymanager = new defaultwebsecuritymanager();
 // 配置 securitymanager，并注入 shirorealm
 securitymanager.setrealm(shirorealm());
 return securitymanager;
 }
 
 // 创建shirofilterfactorybean
 @bean
 public shirofilterfactorybean shirofilterfactorybean(securitymanager securitymanager) {
 
 shirofilterfactorybean shirofilterfactorybean = new shirofilterfactorybean();
 // 设置 securitymanager
 shirofilterfactorybean.setsecuritymanager(securitymanager);

 	//添加shiro过滤器
		/**
		 * shiro内置过滤器，可以实现权限相关的拦截器
		 * 常用的过滤器：
		 * anon: 无需认证（登录）可以访问
		 * authc: 必须认证才可以访问
		 * user: 如果使用rememberme的功能可以直接访问
		 * perms： 该资源必须得到资源权限才可以访问
		 * role: 该资源必须得到角色权限才可以访问
		 */
 
 // 在 shiro过滤器链上加入 自定义过滤器jwtfilter 并取名为jwt
 linkedhashmap<string, filter> filters = new linkedhashmap<>();
 filters.put("jwt", new jwtfilter());
 shirofilterfactorybean.setfilters(filters);

 // 自定义url规则
 linkedhashmap<string, string> filterchaindefinitionmap = new linkedhashmap<>();
 // 所有请求都要经过 jwt过滤器
 filterchaindefinitionmap.put("/**", "jwt");
 shirofilterfactorybean.setfilterchaindefinitionmap(filterchaindefinitionmap);
 return shirofilterfactorybean;
 }

 /**
 * 下面的代码是添加注解支持
 */
 @bean
 @dependson({"lifecyclebeanpostprocessor"})
 public defaultadvisorautoproxycreator defaultadvisorautoproxycreator() {
 // 设置代理类
 defaultadvisorautoproxycreator creator = new defaultadvisorautoproxycreator();
 creator.setproxytargetclass(true);

 return creator;
 }

 /**
 * 开启aop注解支持
 *
 * @param securitymanager
 * @return
 */
 @bean("authorizationattributesourceadvisor")
 public authorizationattributesourceadvisor authorizationattributesourceadvisor(securitymanager securitymanager) {
 authorizationattributesourceadvisor authorizationattributesourceadvisor = new authorizationattributesourceadvisor();
 authorizationattributesourceadvisor.setsecuritymanager(securitymanager);
 return authorizationattributesourceadvisor;
 }

 
 // shiro生命周期处理器
 @bean
 public lifecyclebeanpostprocessor lifecyclebeanpostprocessor() {
 return new lifecyclebeanpostprocessor();
 }

}

8.登陆

 /**
 * 登录方法
 *
 * @param username 用户名
 * @param password 密码
 * @param code 验证码
 * @param uuid 唯一标识
 * @return 结果
 */
 @postmapping("/dologin")
 public resultvo login(string username, string password, string code, string uuid, httpservletrequest request) throws uofferexception {

 string verifykey = constant.rm_captcha_code_key + uuid;
 string captcha = redisutil.getcacheobject(verifykey);
 redisutil.del(verifykey);

 if (captcha == null) {
  return resultvo.failed(201, "验证码失效");
 }
 if (!code.equalsignorecase(captcha)) {
  return resultvo.failed(201, "验证码错误");
 }

 username = stringutils.lowercase(username);
 password = md5util.encrypt(username, password);

 final string errormessage = "用户名或密码错误";
 sysuser user = usermanager.getuser(username);

 if (user == null) {
  return resultvo.failed(201, errormessage);
 }
 if (!stringutils.equalsignorecase(user.getpassword(), password)) {
  return resultvo.failed(201, errormessage);
 }
 if (constant.status_lock.equals(user.getstatus())) {
  return resultvo.failed(201, "账号已被锁定,请联系管理员！");
 }


 integer userid = user.getuserid();
 string ip = iputil.getipaddr(request);
 string address = addressutil.getcityinfo(ip);
 // 更新用户登录时间
 sysuser sysuser = new sysuser();
 sysuser.setuserid(userid);
 sysuser.setlastlogintime(new date());
 sysuser.setlastloginip(ip);
 userservice.updatebyid(sysuser);


 // 拿到token之后加密
 string sign = jwtutil.sign(username, password, userid);
 string token = uofferutil.encrypttoken(sign);
 localdatetime expiretime = localdatetime.now().plusseconds(properties.getshiro().getjwttimeout());
 string expiretimestr = dateutil.formatfulltime(expiretime);
 jwttoken jwttoken = new jwttoken(token, expiretimestr);

 // 将登录日志存入日志表中
 sysloginlog loginlog = new sysloginlog();
 loginlog.setip(ip);
 loginlog.setaddress(address);
 loginlog.setlogintime(new date());
 loginlog.setusername(username);
 loginlog.setuserid(userid);
 loginlogservice.save(loginlog);

 savetokentoredis(username, jwttoken, ip, address);
 jsonobject data = new jsonobject();
 data.put("authorization", token);

 // 将用户配置及权限存入redis中
 usermanager.loadoneuserrediscache(userid);
 return resultvo.ok(data);
 }

9.@requirespermissions

要求subject中必须含有bus:careertalk:query的权限才能执行方法somemethod()。否则抛出异常authorizationexception。

@requirespermissions("bus:careertalk:query")
public void somemethod() {
}

引用：

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