python爬虫爬取淘宝商品比价(附淘宝反爬虫机制解决小办法)

因为评论有很多人说爬取不到，我强调几点

kv的格式应该是这样的：

kv = {‘cookie':‘你复制的一长串cookie',‘user-agent':‘mozilla/5.0'}

注意都应该用 ‘' ，然后还有个英文的 逗号,

kv写完要在后面的代码中添加

r = requests.get(url, headers=kv,timeout=30)

自己得先登录自己的淘宝账号才有自己登陆的cookie呀，没登录cookie当然没用

以下原博

本人是python新手，目前在看中国大学mooc的嵩天老师的爬虫课程，其中一个实例是讲如何爬取淘宝商品信息

以下是代码：

import requests
import re
 
def gethtmltext(url):
 try:
  r = requests.get(url, timeout=30)
  r.raise_for_status()
  r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
  return r.text
 except:
  return ""
  
def parsepage(ilt, html):
 try:
  plt = re.findall(r'\"view_price\"\:\"[\d\.]*\"',html)
  tlt = re.findall(r'\"raw_title\"\:\".*?\"',html)
  for i in range(len(plt)):
   price = eval(plt[i].split(':')[1])
   title = eval(tlt[i].split(':')[1])
   ilt.append([price , title])
 except:
  print("")
 
def printgoodslist(ilt):
 tplt = "{:4}\t{:8}\t{:16}"
 print(tplt.format("序号", "价格", "商品名称"))
 count = 0
 for g in ilt:
  count = count + 1
  print(tplt.format(count, g[0], g[1]))
   
def main():
 goods = '书包'
 depth = 3
 start_url = 'https://s.taobao.com/search?q=' + goods
 infolist = []
 for i in range(depth):
  try:
   url = start_url + '&s=' + str(44*i)
   html = gethtmltext(url)
   parsepage(infolist, html)
  except:
   continue
 printgoodslist(infolist)
  
main()

但是我们运行的时候会发现这个程序没有出错，但是爬取不到，原因是淘宝实施了反爬虫机制，r.text 时是登录界面，我们如何绕过登录界面进行爬取呢？

首先我们需要先在浏览器中登录我们的个人淘宝，然后搜索以书包为例的商品，打开开发者模式（我使用的是chrome）或者按f12

这里我们可以看到我们当前的cookie和user-agent（一般是mozilla/5.0）（注意：如果没有出现这几个name，点击浏览器刷新就会出现了）

然后在代码中增加我们的cookie和user-agent

然后运行

我只是个初学者，学的时候视频给不了答案，百度了很多，才发现这个小技巧，
有问题百度就完事了

完整代码

import requests
import re


def gethtmltext(url):
 kv = {'cookie':'t=5c749e8d453e7e3664735746f5eb5de8; cna=brxnfdenbxucaxggnkx9h1bo; thw=cn; tg=0; enc=5lmrhd8305w3oo8x0agyvfuda7ox%2f4rbf34ocwap48nrhy%2b%2b1rzcwzj7ebn%2fpy7vrnil8xps%2ba0onfxg5nsu8w%3d%3d; hng=cn%7czh-cn%7ccny%7c156; cookie2=10dbf1309bd9a2d5bc9cabe562965aee; _tb_token_=ee67e1a3ee0e5; alitrackid=www.taobao.com; swfstore=308730; v=0; unb=2448224718; sg=%e6%bb%a18d; _l_g_=ug%3d%3d; skt=d53506c42f2db259; cookie1=bxuhgxug%2b5y4iw7vzcvjlj0zdvfl2xy3mjxt%2frptfea%3d; csg=4246b77f; uc3=vt3=f8dbyezfiho1%2fuik8vy%3d&id2=uuwu0bqkq1tydq%3d%3d&nk2=cn5ozui3xv2%2blbvx&lg2=w5ihllyfogw7aa%3d%3d; existshop=mtu1mdu2mtuymq%3d%3d; tracknick=king%5cu4e36%5cu5c0f%5cu4e30%5cu6ee1; lgc=king%5cu4e36%5cu5c0f%5cu4e30%5cu6ee1; _cc_=vfc%2fuz9ajq%3d%3d; dnk=king%5cu4e36%5cu5c0f%5cu4e30%5cu6ee1; _nk_=king%5cu4e36%5cu5c0f%5cu4e30%5cu6ee1; cookie17=uuwu0bqkq1tydq%3d%3d; lastalitrackid=login.taobao.com; mt=ci=5_1; x=e%3d1%26p%3d*%26s%3d0%26c%3d0%26f%3d0%26g%3d0%26t%3d0%26__ll%3d-1%26_ato%3d0; uc1=cookie14=uotz5oxqjxxkda%3d%3d&lng=zh_cn&cookie16=w5ihllyfplmgbldwa%2bdvagzqlg%3d%3d&existshop=false&cookie21=uihilt3xthh8t7yqouiw&tag=8&cookie15=uihilt3xd8xytw%3d%3d&pas=0; jsessionid=f99b5e66516b99d5e7c9f431e402713f; l=bbnu0zkpvj9ogfulbocnzui8ln_ogiryjuprwcfmi_5b46jhzlqollv3_fj6vj5rsk8b4z6vznp9-etki; isg=bdg4vi5gkpaamvx83rjgspcnceykcz0m9ucvohkp6xnmjdh3gru6uo2vqcwy5lqd; whl=-1%260%260%261550562673185',
   'user-agent':'mozilla/5.0'}
 try:
  r = requests.get(url, headers=kv,timeout=30)
  r.raise_for_status()
  r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
  return r.text
 except:
  return ""


def parsepage(ilt, html):
 try:
  plt = re.findall(r'\"view_price\"\:\"[\d\.]*\"', html)
  tlt = re.findall(r'\"raw_title\"\:\".*?\"', html)
  for i in range(len(plt)):
   price = eval(plt[i].split(':')[1])
   title = eval(tlt[i].split(':')[1])
   ilt.append([price, title])
 except:
  print("")


def printgoodslist(ilt):
 tplt = "{:4}\t{:8}\t{:16}"
 print(tplt.format("序号", "价格", "商品名称"))
 count = 0
 for g in ilt:
  count = count + 1
  print(tplt.format(count, g[0], g[1]))


def main():
 goods = '书包'
 depth = 3
 start_url = 'https://s.taobao.com/search?q=' + goods
 infolist = []
 for i in range(depth):
  try:
   url = start_url + '&s=' + str(44 * i)
   html = gethtmltext(url)
   parsepage(infolist, html)
  except:
   continue
 printgoodslist(infolist)


main()

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