4.3 Python中的字符串格式化

将字符按指定格式输出，可以在python2.7的chm帮助文档中检索：formatting

可找到fromatting.string(%)帮助主题
比如：

>>> print('输出数字：%d'%5)
输出数字：5
>>> print('输出浮点数字：%f'%0.005)
输出浮点数字：0.005000
>>> print('输出十六进制数字：%x'%108)
输出十六进制数字：6c

>>> print('输出百分比数字：%f%%'%10.8)
输出百分比数字：10.800000%
>>> num=123
>>> 'dec:%d;oct:%#o;hex:%#x'%(num,num,num)
'dec:123;oct:0173;hex:0x7b'

>>> 'mm/dd/yy=%02d/%02d/%d'%(2,16,90)
'mm/dd/yy=02/16/90'
>>> print('host:%s\tport:%d'%('local',8080))
host:local port:8080
>>> w,i='web','index'
>>> 'https://www.baidu.com/%s/%s.html'%(w,i)
'https://www.baidu.com/web/index.html'

>>> for i in range(9):
 print('https://xxx.com/page_%d.htm'%i)

 
https://xxx.com/page_0.htm
https://xxx.com/page_1.htm
https://xxx.com/page_2.htm
https://xxx.com/page_3.htm
https://xxx.com/page_4.htm
https://xxx.com/page_5.htm
https://xxx.com/page_6.htm
https://xxx.com/page_7.htm
https://xxx.com/page_8.htm

其它函数

>>> a='a'
>>> b='b'
>>> c='c'
>>> cmp(a,b)
-1
>>> cmp(c,b)
1
>>> cmp(a,a)
0

>>> a='a'
>>> b='b'
>>> c='c'
>>> cmp(a,b)
-1
>>> cmp(c,b)
1
>>> cmp(a,a)
0
>>> max('abcdef')
'f'
>>> min('abce')
'a'
>>> chr(65)
'a'
>>> ord('a')
97

更多字符串操作内建函数可通过dir(string)查询