RHEL7.5下mysql 8.0.11安装教程

本文记录了rhel7.5下mysql 8.0.11安装教程，具体内容如下

首先去mysql官网下载mysql-8.0.11-el7-x86_64.tar 解压。
由于mysql初始化、启动都需要用到mysql用户，所以创建一个mysql用户：

useradd -d /home/mysql -m -s /bin/bash mysql

经过测试发现系统中装有mariadb相关的mysql启动的时候会报错，于是卸载和mariadb相关的包。

[root@rhel mysql]# yum remove mariadb*
loaded plugins: axelget, fastestmirror, langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-
  : repos, subscription-manager
this system is not registered with an entitlement server. you can use subscription-manager to register.
resolving dependencies
--> running transaction check
---> package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 will be erased
--> processing dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
--> processing dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
--> running transaction check
---> package postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7 will be erased
--> finished dependency resolution
epel/x86_64/group_gz     | 266 kb 00:00 

dependencies resolved

================================================================================
 package  arch  version  repository size
================================================================================
removing:
 mariadb-libs  x86_64  1:5.5.56-2.el7  @base  4.4 m
removing for dependencies:
 postfix  x86_64  2:2.10.1-6.el7  @base  12 m

transaction summary
================================================================================
remove 1 package (+1 dependent package)

installed size: 17 m
is this ok [y/n]: y
downloading packages:
running transaction check
running transaction test
transaction test succeeded
running transaction
 erasing : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64    1/2 
 erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64    2/2 
no metadata available for base
no metadata available for code
no metadata available for epel
no metadata available for extras
no metadata available for updates
loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
epel/x86_64/primary_db     | 6.3 mb 00:01 
 verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64    1/2 
 verifying : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64    2/2 

removed:
 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7      

dependency removed:
 postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7       

complete!

使用如下命令初始化数据库，会在把/var/lib/mysql作为data文件的目录：

shell> bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

于是我们可以在初始化的时候指定相应的文件目录：

bin/mysqld --initialize --basedir=/home/mysql --datadir=/home/mysql/data --user=mysql

初始化的时候，会生成一个临时的密码，记住该密码，等登录到mysql的时候需要用这个密码，进去后再次修改密码。

启动mysql实例：

bin/mysqld --user=mysql
bin/mysqld_safe basedir=/home/mysql --datadir=/home/mysql/data --user=mysql

如果不加 –user=mysql 就会出现如下的提示：

2018-04-22t15:47:25.471462z 0 [error] [my-010123] [server] fatal error: please read "security" section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!
2018-04-22t15:47:25.471514z 0 [error] [my-010119] [server] aborting

造成mysql实例不能正常启动。

mysql启动后，使用root用户登录，使用刚刚随机生成的密码，进去后，通过如下命令修改root用户的密码，再做其他操作：

set password ='root';

rhel7的服务systemctl脚本存放在：/usr/lib/systemd/，有系统（system）和用户（user）之分，像需要开机不登陆就能运行的程序，还是存在系统服务里吧，即：/usr/lib/systemd/system目录下

每一个服务以.service结尾，一般会分为3部分：[unit]、[service]和[install]，现在把mysql添加进去，具体内容如下：

cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service
[unit]
description=mysql server
after=network.target
after=syslog.target

[install]
wantedby=multi-user.target

[service]
user=mysql
group=mysql

type=forking
# execute pre and post scripts as root
permissionsstartonly=true
# start main service
execstart=/home/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize
execstop=kill -s -quit $mainpid
restart=on-failure
restartpreventexitstatus=1
privatetmp=false

就可以通过systemctl来 启动，重启，关闭mysql服务。

精彩专题分享：

mysql不同版本安装教程

mysql5.7各版本安装教程

mysql5.6各版本安装教程

mysql8.0各版本安装教程

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。