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史上最全JavaScript数组去重的十种方法(推荐)

程序员文章站 2022-09-08 20:00:24
一、前言: 我们在实际工作中,或者在面试找工作时,都会用到或者被问到一个问题,那就是“数组如何去重”。是的,这个问题有很多种解决方案,看看下面的十种方式吧! 二、数组去...

一、前言:

我们在实际工作中,或者在面试找工作时,都会用到或者被问到一个问题,那就是“数组如何去重”。是的,这个问题有很多种解决方案,看看下面的十种方式吧!

二、数组去重方式大汇总:

methods 1: 思路:定义一个新数组,并存放原数组的第一个元素,然后将元素组一一和新数组的元素对比,若不同则存放在新数组中。

function unique(arr){
 var res = [arr[0]];
 for(var i=1; i<arr.length; i++){
  var repeat = false;
  for(var j=0; j<res.length; j++){
   if(arr[i] === res[j]){
    repeat = true;
    break;
   }
  }
  if(!repeat){
   res.push(arr[i]);
  }
 }
 return res;
}
console.log('------------方法一---------------');

console.log(unique([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

methods 2: 思路:先将原数组排序,在与相邻的进行比较,如果不同则存入新数组。

function unique2(arr){
 var arr2 = arr.sort();
 var res = [arr2[0]];
 for(var i=1; i<arr2.length; i++){
  if(arr2[i] !== res[res.length-1]){
   res.push(arr2[i]);
  }
 } 
 return res;
}

console.log('------------方法二---------------');

console.log(unique2([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

methods 3: 利用对象属性存在的特性,如果没有该属性则存入新数组。

function unique3(arr){
 var res = [];
 var obj = {};
 for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++){
  if( !obj[arr[i]] ){
   obj[arr[i]] = 1;
   res.push(arr[i]);
  }
 } 
 return res;
}

console.log('------------方法三---------------');

console.log(unique3([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

methods 4: 利用数组的indexof下标属性来查询。

function unique4(arr){
 var res = [];
 for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++){
  if(res.indexof(arr[i]) == -1){
   res.push(arr[i]);
  }
 }
 return res;
}

console.log('------------方法四---------------');

console.log(unique4([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

methods 5: 利用数组原型对象上的includes方法。

function unique5(arr){
 var res = [];
 
 for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++){
  if( !res.includes(arr[i]) ){ // 如果res新数组包含当前循环item
   res.push(arr[i]);
  }
 }
 return res;
}

console.log('------------方法五---------------');

console.log(unique5([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

methods 6: 利用数组原型对象上的 filter 和 includes方法。

function unique6(arr){
 var res = [];
 
 res = arr.filter(function(item){
  return res.includes(item) ? '' : res.push(item);
 });
 return res;
}

console.log('------------方法六---------------');

console.log(unique6([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

methods 7: 利用数组原型对象上的 foreach 和 includes方法。

function unique7(arr){
 var res = [];
 
 arr.foreach(function(item){
  res.includes(item) ? '' : res.push(item);
 }); 
 return res;
}

console.log('------------方法七---------------');

console.log(unique7([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

methods 8: 利用数组原型对象上的 splice 方法。

function unique8(arr){
 var i,
  j,
  len = arr.length; 
 for(i = 0; i < len; i++){
  for(j = i + 1; j < len; j++){
   if(arr[i] == arr[j]){
    arr.splice(j,1);
    len--;
    j--;
   }
  }
 }
 return arr;
}

console.log('------------方法八---------------');

console.log(unique8([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

methods 9: 利用数组原型对象上的 lastindexof 方法。

function unique9(arr){
 var res = []; 
 for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++){
  res.lastindexof(arr[i]) !== -1 ? '' : res.push(arr[i]);
 }
 return res;
}

console.log('------------方法九---------------');

console.log(unique9([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

methods 10: 利用 es6的set 方法。

function unique10(arr){
 //set数据结构,它类似于数组,其成员的值都是唯一的
 return array.from(new set(arr)); // 利用array.from将set结构转换成数组
}

console.log('------------方法十---------------');

console.log(unique10([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

 三、其他:

有意思的是,当我把数组的长度变得很大的时候(如下所示),测试了一下不同方法的执行时间长短,会发现方法三、四、五、六、七相对来说会更有优势,而方法八的执行速度似乎一直垫底。你也可以在你本地跑一下试试!

//测试用的超大数组
var arr = 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//这里只是举例方法三(如果你把所有方法放在一起测试,会更直观的看到执行时间的差异)

var time3 = new date().gettime();
function unique3(arr){
 var res = [];
 var obj = {};
 for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++){
  if( !obj[arr[i]] ){
   obj[arr[i]] = 1;
   res.push(arr[i]);
  }
 } 
 return res;
}

console.log('------------方法三---------------');

console.log( unique3(arr) );

console.log('3所花时间: ' + (new date().gettime() - time3));

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