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JavaServlet的文件上传和下载实现方法

程序员文章站 2022-08-27 23:20:34
先分析一下上传文件的流程 1-先通过前段页面中的选择文件选择要上传的图片 index.jsp <%@ page language="java" impo...

先分析一下上传文件的流程

1-先通过前段页面中的选择文件选择要上传的图片

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageencoding="utf-8"
 contenttype="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>

<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en">
<html>
 <head>
  <title>my jsp 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
  <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
  <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
  <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
  <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
  <meta http-equiv="description" content="this is my page">
  
  <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript" src="js/common.js"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript" src="js/ajaxfileupload.js"></script>
 </head>
 <body>
  <input type="file" value="上传" name="inputimage" id="inputimage">
  <input type="button" value="上传" id="upload">
  
  <a id="download">下载</a>
 </body>
</html>

2-点击提交按钮,通过ajax的文件上传访问服务器端

common.js  

var path = (function() {
 //获取当前网址
 var curwwwpath = window.document.location.href;
 //获取主机地址之后的目录
 var pathname = window.document.location.pathname;
 var pos = curwwwpath.indexof(pathname);
 //获取主机地址
 var localhostpath = curwwwpath.substring(0, pos);
 //获取带"/"的项目名
 var projectname = pathname.substring(0, pathname.substr(1).indexof('/') + 1);
 return {
   curwwwpath: curwwwpath,
   pathname: pathname,
   localhostpath: localhostpath,
   projectname: projectname,
   //部署路径
   deploypath: localhostpath + projectname
  };
})();
// 文件下载
$("a[id=download]").click(function(){
 window.location.href=path.deploypath+"/filedown";
});
// 文件上传
$("input[id=upload]").click(function() {
 $.ajaxfileupload( {
  url : path.deploypath + "/fileup", // 处理页面的绝对路径
  fileelementid : "inputimage", //file空间的id属性
  datatype : "json",
  success : function(data) {
   alert("上传成功");
  }
 });
});

3-服务器端响应保存或者下载

保存上传文件的fileupload.java

import java.io.file;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.io.printwriter;
import java.util.arraylist;
import java.util.list;
import java.util.uuid;
import javax.servlet.servletexception;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservlet;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;
import net.sf.json.jsonarray;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.fileitem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.fileuploadexception;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.diskfileitemfactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.servletfileupload;
import com.stu.util.httputil;
/**
 * 文件名称: com.stu.fileupload.fileupload.java<br/>
 * 初始作者: administrator<br/>
 * 创建日期: 2018-1-31<br/>
 * 功能说明: 文件上传 <br/>
 * =================================================<br/>
 * 修改记录:<br/>
 * 修改作者 日期 修改内容<br/>
 * ================================================<br/>
 * copyright (c) 2010-2011 .all rights reserved.<br/>
 */
public class fileupload extends httpservlet {
 private static final long serialversionuid = 1l;
 @override
 protected void service(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse res)
 throws servletexception, ioexception {
  // 获取到当前服务器所在的路径
  string serverpath = req.getsession().getservletcontext().getrealpath("/");
  // 设置保存上传文件的路径
  string savedirpath = serverpath + "img";
  file savedirpathfileobj = new file(savedirpath);
  // 如果当用来存放文件的目录不存在时,要创建该目录
  if (!savedirpathfileobj.exists()) {
   savedirpathfileobj.mkdirs();
  }
  // 创建一个解析器工厂
  diskfileitemfactory factory = new diskfileitemfactory();
  // 设置工厂的缓存区大小
  factory.setsizethreshold(5 * 1024);
  // 文件上传的解析器(文件上传对象)
  servletfileupload upload = new servletfileupload(factory);
  // 设置上传文件的最大值
  upload.setsizemax(3 * 1024 * 1024);
  // 设置编码格式
  upload.setheaderencoding("utf-8");
  try {
   // 上传以后的文件名
   list<string> uploadfilenames = new arraylist<string>();
   list<fileitem> fileitems = upload.parserequest(req);
   system.out.println(fileitems);
   for (fileitem file : fileitems) {
    // 新的文件名
    string savefilename = uuid.randomuuid().tostring().replace("-", "");
    // 文件的后缀
    string oldfilename = new string(file.getname().getbytes(),
    "utf-8");
    system.out.println("oldfilename" + oldfilename);
    string filetype = oldfilename.substring(oldfilename.lastindexof("."));
    // 新的文件路径
    string savefilepath = savedirpath + file.separator
    + savefilename + filetype;
    uploadfilenames.add(savefilename + filetype);
    // 保存上传的文件
    file.write(new file(savefilepath));
   }
   system.out.println(uploadfilenames);
   httputil.setattribute(req, "urls", uploadfilenames);
   res.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8");
   printwriter pw = res.getwriter();
   pw.print(jsonarray.fromobject(uploadfilenames));
  } catch (fileuploadexception e) {
   e.printstacktrace();
  } catch (exception e) {
   e.printstacktrace();
  }
 }
}

下载文件的filedownload.java

import java.io.file;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.io.printwriter;
import java.util.arraylist;
import java.util.list;
import java.util.uuid;
import javax.servlet.servletexception;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservlet;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse;
import net.sf.json.jsonarray;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.fileitem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.fileuploadexception;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.diskfileitemfactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.servletfileupload;
import com.stu.util.httputil;
/**
 * 文件名称: com.stu.fileupload.fileupload.java<br/>
 * 初始作者: administrator<br/>
 * 创建日期: 2018-1-31<br/>
 * 功能说明: 文件上传 <br/>
 * =================================================<br/>
 * 修改记录:<br/>
 * 修改作者 日期 修改内容<br/>
 * ================================================<br/>
 * copyright (c) 2010-2011 .all rights reserved.<br/>
 */
public class fileupload extends httpservlet {
 private static final long serialversionuid = 1l;
 @override
 protected void service(httpservletrequest req, httpservletresponse res)
 throws servletexception, ioexception {
  // 获取到当前服务器所在的路径
  string serverpath = req.getsession().getservletcontext().getrealpath("/");
  // 设置保存上传文件的路径
  string savedirpath = serverpath + "img";
  file savedirpathfileobj = new file(savedirpath);
  // 如果当用来存放文件的目录不存在时,要创建该目录
  if (!savedirpathfileobj.exists()) {
   savedirpathfileobj.mkdirs();
  }
  // 创建一个解析器工厂
  diskfileitemfactory factory = new diskfileitemfactory();
  // 设置工厂的缓存区大小
  factory.setsizethreshold(5 * 1024);
  // 文件上传的解析器(文件上传对象)
  servletfileupload upload = new servletfileupload(factory);
  // 设置上传文件的最大值
  upload.setsizemax(3 * 1024 * 1024);
  // 设置编码格式
  upload.setheaderencoding("utf-8");
  try {
   // 上传以后的文件名
   list<string> uploadfilenames = new arraylist<string>();
   list<fileitem> fileitems = upload.parserequest(req);
   system.out.println(fileitems);
   for (fileitem file : fileitems) {
    // 新的文件名
    string savefilename = uuid.randomuuid().tostring().replace("-", "");
    // 文件的后缀
    string oldfilename = new string(file.getname().getbytes(),
    "utf-8");
    system.out.println("oldfilename" + oldfilename);
    string filetype = oldfilename.substring(oldfilename.lastindexof("."));
    // 新的文件路径
    string savefilepath = savedirpath + file.separator
    + savefilename + filetype;
    uploadfilenames.add(savefilename + filetype);
    // 保存上传的文件
    file.write(new file(savefilepath));
   }
   system.out.println(uploadfilenames);
   httputil.setattribute(req, "urls", uploadfilenames);
   res.setcontenttype("application/json;charset=utf-8");
   printwriter pw = res.getwriter();
   pw.print(jsonarray.fromobject(uploadfilenames));
  } catch (fileuploadexception e) {
   e.printstacktrace();
  } catch (exception e) {
   e.printstacktrace();
  }
 }
}

这里面用到了一个httputil类,代码如下:

import javax.servlet.filterconfig;
import javax.servlet.servletconfig;
import javax.servlet.servletcontext;
import javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest;
import javax.servlet.http.httpsession;
/**
 * 文件名称_com.niit.model2.util.httputil.java</br>
 * 初始作逯ܿadministrator</br>
 * 创建日期_2018-1-23</br>
 * 功能说明_这里用一句话描述这个类的作用--此句话需删除 <br/>
 * =================================================<br/>
 * 修改记录_br/>
 * 修改作迠日期 修改内容<br/>
 * ================================================<br/>
 * copyright (c) 2010-2011 .all rights reserved.<br/>
 */
public class httputil {
  private httputil() {
  }
  /**
   * 方法描述: [用于向不同的作用域存放属性]</br>
   * 初始作迺 administrator<br/>
   * 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:24:45<br/>
   * 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0<br/>
   * =================================================<br/>
   * 修改记录_br/>
   * 修改作迠日期 修改内容<br/>
   * ================================================<br/>
   * void
   */
  public static void setattribute(object scopeobj, string name, object value) {
    if (scopeobj instanceof httpservletrequest) {
      ((httpservletrequest) scopeobj).setattribute(name, value);
    }
    if (scopeobj instanceof httpsession) {
      ((httpsession) scopeobj).setattribute(name, value);
    }
    if (scopeobj instanceof servletcontext) {
      ((servletcontext) scopeobj).setattribute(name, value);
    }
  }
  /**
   * 方法描述: [获取作用域中指定名称的属性思</br>
   * 初始作迺 administrator<br/>
   * 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:29:17<br/>
   * 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0<br/>
   * =================================================<br/>
   * 修改记录_br/>
   * 修改作迠日期 修改内容<br/>
   * ================================================<br/>
   * 
   * @param scopeobj
   * @param name
   * @return
   *     object
   */
  public static object getattribute(object scopeobj, string name) {
    if (scopeobj instanceof httpservletrequest) {
      return ((httpservletrequest) scopeobj).getattribute(name);
    }
    if (scopeobj instanceof httpsession) {
      return ((httpsession) scopeobj).getattribute(name);
    }
    if (scopeobj instanceof servletcontext) {
      return ((servletcontext) scopeobj).getattribute(name);
    }
    return null;
  }
  /**
   * 方法描述: [获取上下文对象的方法]</br>
   * 初始作迺 administrator<br/>
   * 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:31:26<br/>
   * 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0<br/>
   * =================================================<br/>
   * 修改记录_br/>
   * 修改作迠日期 修改内容<br/>
   * ================================================<br/>
   * 
   * @return
   *     servletcontext
   */
  public static servletcontext getservletcontext(object sourceobj) {
    if (sourceobj instanceof httpservletrequest) {
      return ((httpservletrequest) sourceobj).getsession().getservletcontext();
    }
    if (sourceobj instanceof servletconfig) {
      return ((servletconfig) sourceobj).getservletcontext();
    }
    if (sourceobj instanceof filterconfig) {
      return ((filterconfig) sourceobj).getservletcontext();
    }
    return null;
  }
  /**
   * 方法描述: [获取项目的实际路径]</br>
   * 初始作迺 administrator<br/>
   * 创建日期: 2018-1-23-上午11:45:47<br/>
   * 弿Nj版本: 2.0.0<br/>
   * =================================================<br/>
   * 修改记录_br/>
   * 修改作迠日期 修改内容<br/>
   * ================================================<br/>
   * 
   * @param req
   * @return
   *     string
   */
  public static string getcontextpath(httpservletrequest req) {
    return req.getcontextpath();
  }
}

当然,代码编辑好了也不要忘了在 webroot/web-inf/web.xml 中添加新建的servlet,就是刚刚的两个java文件啦

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
  xsi:schemalocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
  http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <!-- 文件上传 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>fileupload</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.stu.fileupload.fileupload</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>fileupload</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/fileup</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!-- 文件下载 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>filedownload</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.stu.fileupload.filedownload</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>filedownload</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/filedown</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

这样的话就可以运行啦。

tip: 不要忘记相关的jar包和 js 包哦

在 webroot / web-inf / lib 下,有 commons-fileupload.jar 和 commons-io.jar ,另外 json-lib-x.x.x-jdkxx.jar 包是用来把上传的返回数据修改为json格式的

在 webroot / js 下,导入 jquery.js , common.js , ajaxfileupload.js

以上这篇javaservlet的文件上传和下载实现方法就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持。