Python学习之旅（二十九）
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2022-08-20 18:41:33
Python基础知识（28）：常用第三方模块 一、Pillow PIL（Python Imaging Library）：提供了强大的图像操作功能，可以通过简单的代码完成复杂的图像处理，是Python平台事实上的图像处理库，支持Python 2.7以及更低的版本 Pillow：在PIL基础上创建的兼容 ......
python基础知识（28）：常用第三方模块
一、pillow
pil（python imaging library）：提供了强大的图像操作功能，可以通过简单的代码完成复杂的图像处理，是python平台事实上的图像处理库，支持python 2.7以及更低的版本
pillow：在pil基础上创建的兼容版本，同时加入了更多新特性，支持python 3.x
1、安装pillow
如果安装了anaconda，pillow就已经可用了。否则，需要在命令行下通过pip安装
2、操作图像
（1）图像缩放
from pil import image
#在当前路径下，打开一个jpg图像文件
im = image.open('test.jpg')
#获得图像尺寸
w, h = im.size
print('original image size: %sx%s' % (w, h))
#缩放50%
im.thumbnail((w//2, h//2))
print('resize image to: %sx%s' % (w//2, h//2))
#把缩放后的图像用jpeg格式保存
im.save('thumbnail.jpg', 'jpeg')
结果：
original image size: 1000x1000
resize image to: 500x500
（2）模糊效果
from pil import image, imagefilter
# 打开一个jpg图像文件，注意是当前路径:
im = image.open('test.jpg')
# 应用模糊滤镜:
im2 = im.filter(imagefilter.gaussianblur)
im2.save('blur.jpg', 'jpeg')
效果如下：
（3）生成字母验证码
from pil import image, imagedraw, imagefont, imagefilter
import os
import random
#随机字母
def rndchar():
return chr(random.randint(65, 90))
#随机颜色1：
def rndcolor():
return (random.randint(64, 255), random.randint(64, 255), random.randint(64, 255))
#随机颜色2：
def rndcolor2():
return (random.randint(32, 127), random.randint(32, 127), random.randint(32, 127))
#240 x 60：
width = 60 * 4
height = 60
image = image.new('rgb', (width, height), (255,255,255))
#创建font对象
#font = imagefont.truetype('arial.ttf', 36)
font = imagefont.truetype('arial.ttf', 36)
#创建draw对象：
draw = imagedraw.draw(image)
#填充每个像素：
for x in range(width):
for y in range(height):
draw.point((x, y), fill=rndcolor())
#输出文字：
for t in range(4):
draw.text((60 * t + 10, 10), rndchar(), font=font, fill=rndcolor2())
#模糊：
image = image.filter(imagefilter.blur)
image.save('code.jpg', 'jpeg')
验证码：
二、requests
用于访问网络资源，处理url资源时比urllib模块更方便
1、安装requests
如果安装了anaconda，requests就已经可用了。否则，需要在命令行下通过pip安装
2、使用requests
（1）通过get访问一个页面
>>> import requests
>>> r = requests.get('https://www.douban.com/') # 豆瓣首页
>>> r.status_code
200
>>> r.text
r.text
'<!doctype html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta name="description" content="提供图书、电影、音乐唱片的推荐、评论和...'
（2）发送post请求
发送post请求，只需要把get()方法变成post()，然后传入data参数作为post请求的数据
r = requests.post('https://accounts.douban.com/login', data={'form_email': 'abc@example.com', 'form_password': '123456'})
三、chardet
检测编码，处理不规范的第三方网页时，在不知道编码的情况下可以用chardet，获取编码后在转为str，方便后续处理
（1）安装chardet
如果安装了anaconda，chardet就已经可用了。否则，需要在命令行下通过pip安装
（2）使用chardet
用chardet检测编码
import chardet
s = chardet.detect(b'hello,world!')
print(s)
结果：
{'encoding': 'ascii', 'confidence': 1.0, 'language': ''}
检测出的编码是ascii，注意到还有个confidence字段，表示检测的概率是1.0（即100%）
检测gbk编码的中文
import chardet
data = '人生苦短，我学python'.encode('gbk')
s = chardet.detect(data)
print(s)
结果：
{'encoding': 'gb2312', 'confidence': 0.99, 'language': 'chinese'}
对日文进行检测
import chardet
#新的一天开始了,要好好加油哦
data = '新しい一日が始まったから、頑張ってね'.encode('euc-jp')
s = chardet.detect(data)
print(s)
结果：
{'encoding': 'euc-jp', 'confidence': 1.0, 'language': 'japanese'}
ardet支持检测中文、日文、韩文等多种语言
四、psutil
在python中获取系统信息，可以跨平台使用，支持linux／unix／osx／windows等，是系统管理员和运维人员不可或缺的必备模块
（1）安装psutil
如果安装了anaconda，psutil就已经可用了。否则，需要在命令行下通过pip安装
（2）获取cpu信息
获取cpu信息
import psutil a = psutil.cpu_count()#cpu逻辑数量 b = psutil.cpu_count(logical=false)#cpu物理核心 print(a) print(b) 结果： 4 4
统计cpu的用户／系统／空闲时间
import psutil a = psutil.cpu_times() print(a) 结果： scputimes(user=41360.28125, system=27004.4375, idle=268042.21875, interrupt=656.4062576293945, dpc=835.3125014305115)
再实现类似top命令的cpu使用率，每秒刷新一次，累计10次
import psutil
for x in range(10):
a = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1, percpu=true)
print(a)
结果：
[40.6, 28.1, 31.2, 24.6]
[46.9, 32.8, 42.2, 43.8]
[31.8, 31.2, 28.1, 28.1]
[58.2, 56.9, 57.8, 56.2]
[38.2, 40.6, 43.8, 34.9]
[44.6, 51.6, 46.9, 40.9]
[34.3, 32.3, 34.4, 25.0]
[34.3, 32.3, 32.8, 17.2]
[39.4, 42.2, 32.8, 34.4]
[57.6, 67.2, 64.1, 54.7
（3）获取内存信息
使用psutil获取物理内存和交换内存信息
import psutil a = psutil.virtual_memory() b = psutil.swap_memory() print(a) print(b) 结果： svmem(total=3679428608, available=730165248, percent=80.2, used=2949263360, free=730165248) sswap(total=6778257408, used=5174353920, free=1603903488, percent=76.3, sin=0, sout=0)
（4）获取磁盘信息
通过psutil获取磁盘分区、磁盘使用率和磁盘io信息
import psutil
#磁盘分区信息
a = psutil.disk_partitions()
#磁盘使用情况
b = psutil.disk_usage('/')
#磁盘io
c = psutil.disk_io_counters()
print(a)
print(b)
print(c)
结果：
[sdiskpart(device='c:\\', mountpoint='c:\\', fstype='ntfs', opts='rw,fixed'), sdiskpart(device='d:\\', mountpoint='d:\\', fstype='ntfs', opts='rw,fixed')]
sdiskusage(total=378581020672, used=107236286464, free=271344734208, percent=28.3)
sdiskio(read_count=1813882, write_count=639951, read_bytes=59520503808, write_bytes=27710433792, read_time=58003, write_time=10482)
（5）获取网络信息
psutil可以获取网络接口和网络连接信息
import psutil
#获取网络读写字节/包的个数
a = psutil.net_io_counters()
#获取网络接口信息
b = psutil.net_if_addrs()
#获取网络接口状态
c = psutil.net_if_stats()
print(a)
print(b)
print(c)
结果：
snetio(bytes_sent=118923812, bytes_recv=1100353188, packets_sent=513738, packets_recv=122094, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0)
{'wlan': [snic(family=<addressfamily.af_link: -1>, address='74-df-bf-5e-c3-29', netmask=none, broadcast=none, ptp=none), snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, address='169.254.55.6', netmask='255.255.0.0', broadcast=none, ptp=none), snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, address='fe80::b122:21:c891:3706', netmask=none, broadcast=none, ptp=none)], '本地连接* 3': [snic(family=<addressfamily.af_link: -1>, address='76-df-bf-5e-c3-29', netmask=none, broadcast=none, ptp=none), snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, address='169.254.253.30', netmask='255.255.0.0', broadcast=none, ptp=none), snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, address='fe80::d064:e706:8cee:fd1e', netmask=none, broadcast=none, ptp=none)], '本地连接* 4': [snic(family=<addressfamily.af_link: -1>, address='86-df-bf-5e-c3-29', netmask=none, broadcast=none, ptp=none), snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, address='169.254.231.149', netmask='255.255.0.0', broadcast=none, ptp=none), snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, address='fe80::6d45:5ace:6385:e795', netmask=none, broadcast=none, ptp=none)], '以太网': [snic(family=<addressfamily.af_link: -1>, address='54-ee-75-a4-f6-66', netmask=none, broadcast=none, ptp=none), snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, address='192.168.96.168', netmask='255.255.255.0', broadcast=none, ptp=none), snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, address='fe80::94c9:c414:29e2:897', netmask=none, broadcast=none, ptp=none)], 'vmware network adapter vmnet1': [snic(family=<addressfamily.af_link: -1>, address='00-50-56-c0-00-01', netmask=none, broadcast=none, ptp=none), snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, address='192.168.15.1', netmask='255.255.255.0', broadcast=none, ptp=none), snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, address='fe80::d07c:26c3:1b0:674d', netmask=none, broadcast=none, ptp=none)], 'vmware network adapter vmnet2': [snic(family=<addressfamily.af_link: -1>, address='00-50-56-c0-00-02', netmask=none, broadcast=none, ptp=none), snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, address='192.168.2.1', netmask='255.255.255.0', broadcast=none, ptp=none), snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, address='fe80::55fc:e8e8:e0f4:54ed', netmask=none, broadcast=none, ptp=none)], 'loopback pseudo-interface 1': [snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, address='127.0.0.1', netmask='255.0.0.0', broadcast=none, ptp=none), snic(family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, address='::1', netmask=none, broadcast=none, ptp=none)]}
{'以太网': snicstats(isup=true, duplex=<nicduplex.nic_duplex_full: 2>, speed=100, mtu=1500), 'vmware network adapter vmnet1': snicstats(isup=true, duplex=<nicduplex.nic_duplex_full: 2>, speed=100, mtu=1500), 'vmware network adapter vmnet2': snicstats(isup=true, duplex=<nicduplex.nic_duplex_full: 2>, speed=100, mtu=1500), 'loopback pseudo-interface 1': snicstats(isup=true, duplex=<nicduplex.nic_duplex_full: 2>, speed=1073, mtu=1500), 'wlan': snicstats(isup=false, duplex=<nicduplex.nic_duplex_full: 2>, speed=0, mtu=1500), '本地连接* 3': snicstats(isup=false, duplex=<nicduplex.nic_duplex_full: 2>, speed=0, mtu=1500), '本地连接* 4': snicstats(isup=false, duplex=<nicduplex.nic_duplex_full: 2>, speed=0, mtu=1500)}
获取当前网络连接信息
import psutil a = psutil.net_connections() print(a) 结果： [sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=500), raddr=(), status='none', pid=1740), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=443), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=4668), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=59978), raddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=59977), status='established', pid=11376), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=59980), raddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=59979), status='established', pid=11376), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.15.1', port=2177), raddr=(), status='none', pid=7540), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=49676), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=868), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=64843), raddr=(), status='none', pid=3184), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.15.1', port=138), raddr=(), status='none', pid=4), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=62610), raddr=addr(ip='23.217.125.240', port=80), status='time_wait', pid=0), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=6682), raddr=(), status='none', pid=2836), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=64831), raddr=(), status='none', pid=6916), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=60003), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=11376), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=59979), raddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=59980), status='established', pid=11376), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='fe80::94c9:c414:29e2:897', port=2177), raddr=(), status='none', pid=7540), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=445), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=4), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='fe80::55fc:e8e8:e0f4:54ed', port=2177), raddr=(), status='none', pid=7540), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=6942), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=11376), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=49665), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=1260), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=5355), raddr=(), status='none', pid=1924), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=135), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=1080), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=56480), raddr=(), status='none', pid=2836), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=138), raddr=(), status='none', pid=4), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='::1', port=8307), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=4668), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.15.1', port=139), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=4), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=80), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=4), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=6666), raddr=(), status='none', pid=2836), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=2177), raddr=(), status='none', pid=7540), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=49676), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=868), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=59977), raddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=59978), status='established', pid=11376), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=443), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=4668), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=62634), raddr=addr(ip='223.202.62.231', port=443), status='syn_sent', pid=4740), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=49665), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=1260), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=56309), raddr=addr(ip='113.96.232.146', port=8080), status='established', pid=11164), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=4500), raddr=(), status='none', pid=1740), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=60281), raddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=60280), status='established', pid=4668), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=63342), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=11376), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='fe80::d07c:26c3:1b0:674d', port=2177), raddr=(), status='none', pid=7540), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=28653), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=11164), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=49664), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=736), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=912), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=3204), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=59214), raddr=(), status='none', pid=11164), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=59005), raddr=(), status='none', pid=2784), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=445), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=4), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=135), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=1080), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=5050), raddr=(), status='none', pid=1652), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=8307), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=4668), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=21440), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=12916), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=137), raddr=(), status='none', pid=4), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=49667), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=2384), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=62616), raddr=addr(ip='120.55.34.37', port=443), status='time_wait', pid=0), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=139), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=4), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=56248), raddr=addr(ip='1.192.193.180', port=80), status='established', pid=6916), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=62632), raddr=addr(ip='59.37.97.23', port=443), status='established', pid=11164), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=55965), raddr=addr(ip='113.96.208.198', port=8080), status='established', pid=11352), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.2.1', port=137), raddr=(), status='none', pid=4), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=5355), raddr=(), status='none', pid=1924), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=49668), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=896), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=5040), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=1652), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.15.1', port=137), raddr=(), status='none', pid=4), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=80), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=4), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=60280), raddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=60281), status='established', pid=4668), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=49667), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=2384), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=59018), raddr=(), status='none', pid=1740), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=4500), raddr=(), status='none', pid=1740), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=64766), raddr=(), status='none', pid=2784), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=3600), raddr=(), status='none', pid=6916), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.2.1', port=139), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=4), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=5353), raddr=(), status='none', pid=1924), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=49668), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=896), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=500), raddr=(), status='none', pid=1740), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.2.1', port=2177), raddr=(), status='none', pid=7540), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=56353), raddr=addr(ip='180.163.238.166', port=80), status='established', pid=6916), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=53088), raddr=(), status='none', pid=2836), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=56004), raddr=addr(ip='52.230.80.159', port=443), status='established', pid=1740), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.2.1', port=138), raddr=(), status='none', pid=4), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=56051), raddr=addr(ip='104.78.72.7', port=443), status='close_wait', pid=2800), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=49664), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=736), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=21441), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=12916), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=5353), raddr=(), status='none', pid=1924), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=62623), raddr=addr(ip='120.55.34.37', port=443), status='time_wait', pid=0), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=2, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=59213), raddr=(), status='none', pid=11164), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=902), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=3204), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet6: 23>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='::', port=49666), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=1740), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='0.0.0.0', port=49666), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=1740), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='127.0.0.1', port=31752), raddr=(), status='listen', pid=4740), sconn(fd=-1, family=<addressfamily.af_inet: 2>, type=1, laddr=addr(ip='192.168.96.168', port=62630), raddr=addr(ip='14.17.42.43', port=36688), status='time_wait', pid=0)]
（6）获取进程信息
通过psutil可以获取到所有进程的详细信息
>>> psutil.pids() # 所有进程id
[3865, 3864, 3863, 3856, 3855, 3853, 3776, ..., 45, 44, 1, 0]
>>> p = psutil.process(3776) # 获取指定进程id=3776，其实就是当前python交互环境
>>> p.name() # 进程名称
'python3.6'
>>> p.exe() # 进程exe路径
'/users/michael/anaconda3/bin/python3.6'
>>> p.cwd() # 进程工作目录
'/users/michael'
>>> p.cmdline() # 进程启动的命令行
['python3']
>>> p.ppid() # 父进程id
3765
>>> p.parent() # 父进程
<psutil.process(pid=3765, name='bash') at 4503144040>
>>> p.children() # 子进程列表
[]
>>> p.status() # 进程状态
'running'
>>> p.username() # 进程用户名
'michael'
>>> p.create_time() # 进程创建时间
1511052731.120333
>>> p.terminal() # 进程终端
'/dev/ttys002'
>>> p.cpu_times() # 进程使用的cpu时间
pcputimes(user=0.081150144, system=0.053269812, children_user=0.0, children_system=0.0)
>>> p.memory_info() # 进程使用的内存
pmem(rss=8310784, vms=2481725440, pfaults=3207, pageins=18)
>>> p.open_files() # 进程打开的文件
[]
>>> p.connections() # 进程相关网络连接
[]
>>> p.num_threads() # 进程的线程数量
1
>>> p.threads() # 所有线程信息
[pthread(id=1, user_time=0.090318, system_time=0.062736)]
>>> p.environ() # 进程环境变量
{'shell': '/bin/bash', 'path': '/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:...', 'pwd': '/users/michael', 'lang': 'zh_cn.utf-8', ...}
>>> p.terminate() # 结束进程
terminated: 15 <-- 自己把自己结束了
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