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MySQL查询语句实操练习

程序员文章站 2022-08-09 10:42:39
题目:新建一个数据库ClassManager,包括四个表:学生表(Student)、课程表(Course)、成绩表(Score)以及教师信息表(Teacher)。四个表的结构分别如表1-1的表(一)~表(四)所示,数据如表1-2的表(一)~表(四)所示。用SQL语句创建四个表并完成相关题目。 一.表 ......

题目:新建一个数据库ClassManager,包括四个表:学生表(Student)、课程表(Course)、成绩表(Score)以及教师信息表(Teacher)。四个表的结构分别如表1-1的表(一)~表(四)所示,数据如表1-2的表(一)~表(四)所示。用SQL语句创建四个表并完成相关题目。

.1-1数据库的表结构

表(一)Student (学生表) 

属性名

数据类型

可否为空

含 义

Sno

varchar (20)

学号

Sname

varchar (20)

学生姓名

Ssex

varchar (20)

学生性别

Sbirthday

datetime

学生出生年月

Class

varchar (20)

学生所在班级

 

表(二)Course(课程表)

属性名

数据类型

可否为空

含 义

Cno

varchar (20)

课程号

Cname

varchar (20)

课程名称

Tno

varchar (20)

教工编号

表(三)Score(成绩表)

属性名

数据类型

可否为空

含 义

Sno

varchar (20)

学号

Cno

varchar (20)

课程号

Degree

Decimal(4,1)

成绩

表(四)Teacher(教师表)

属性名

数据类型

可否为空

含 义

Tno

varchar (20)

教工编号

Tname

varchar (20)

教工姓名

Tsex

varchar (20)

教工性别

Tbirthday

datetime

教工出生年月

Prof

varchar (20)

职称

Depart

varchar (20)

教工所在部门

.1-2数据库中的数据

表(一)Student

Sno

Sname

Ssex

Sbirthday

class

108

曾华

1977-09-01

95033

105

匡明

1975-10-02

95031

107

王丽

1976-01-23

95033

101

李军

1976-02-20

95033

109

王芳

1975-02-10

95031

103

陆君

1974-06-03

95031

表(二)Course

Cno

Cname

Tno

3-105

计算机导论

825

3-245

操作系统

804

6-166

数字电路

856

9-888

高等数学

831

表(三)Score

Sno

Cno

Degree

103

3-245

86

105

3-245

75

109

3-245

68

103

3-105

92

105

3-105

88

109

3-105

76

101

3-105

64

107

3-105

91

108

3-105

78

101

6-166

85

107

6-166

79

108

6-166

81

表(四)Teacher

Tno

Tname

Tsex

Tbirthday

Prof

Depart

804

李诚

1958-12-02

副教授

计算机系

856

张旭

1969-03-12

讲师

电子工程系

825

王萍

1972-05-05

助教

计算机系

831

刘冰

1977-08-14

助教

电子工程系

.完成以下操作

0.根据上述题目和表格,创建相应数据库,创建相应表结构,并插入给定数据

create database ClassManager;
use ClassManager1;

create table student (
sno varchar(20) not null comment '学号',
sname varchar(20) not null comment '学生姓名',
ssex varchar(20) not null comment '学生性别',
sbirthday datetime comment '学生出生年月',
class varchar(20) comment '学生所在班级'
);

create table course (
cno varchar(20) not null comment '课程号',
cname varchar(20) not null comment '课程名称',
tno varchar(20) not null comment '教工编号'
);

create table score (
sno varchar(20) not null comment '学号',
cno varchar(20) not null comment '课程号',
degree decimal(4,1) comment '成绩'
);

create table teacher (
tno varchar(20) not null comment '教工编号',
tname varchar(20) not null comment '教工姓名',
tsex varchar(20) not null comment '教工性别',
tbirthday datetime comment '教工出生年月',
prof varchar(20) comment '职称',
depart varchar(20) not null comment '教工所在部门'
);

insert into student (sno, sname, ssex, sbirthday, class) values ('108',    '曾华','男','1977-09-01','95033');
insert into student (sno, sname, ssex, sbirthday, class) values ('105',    '匡明','男','1975-10-02','95031');
insert into student (sno, sname, ssex, sbirthday, class) values ('107',    '王丽','女','1976-01-23','95033');
insert into student (sno, sname, ssex, sbirthday, class) values ('101',    '李军','男','1976-02-20','95033');
insert into student (sno, sname, ssex, sbirthday, class) values ('109',    '王芳','女','1975-02-10','95031');
insert into student (sno, sname, ssex, sbirthday, class) values ('103',    '陆君','男','1974-06-03','95031');

insert into course (cno, cname, tno) values ('3-105', '计算机导论',  '825');
insert into course (cno, cname, tno) values ('3-245', '操作系统',    '804');
insert into course (cno, cname, tno) values ('6-166', '数字电路',    '856');
insert into course (cno, cname, tno) values ('9-888', '高等数学',    '831');

insert into score (sno, cno, degree) values ('103', '3-245', '86');
insert into score (sno, cno, degree) values ('105', '3-245', '75');
insert into score (sno, cno, degree) values ('109', '3-245', '68');
insert into score (sno, cno, degree) values ('103', '3-105', '92');
insert into score (sno, cno, degree) values ('105', '3-105', '88');
insert into score (sno, cno, degree) values ('109', '3-105', '76');
insert into score (sno, cno, degree) values ('101', '3-105', '64');
insert into score (sno, cno, degree) values ('107', '3-105', '91');
insert into score (sno, cno, degree) values ('108', '3-105', '78');
insert into score (sno, cno, degree) values ('101', '6-166', '85');
insert into score (sno, cno, degree) values ('107', '6-166', '79');
insert into score (sno, cno, degree) values ('108', '6-166', '81');


insert into teacher (tno, tname, tsex, tbirthday, prof, depart) values ('804', '李诚','男','1958-12-02','副教授','计算机系');
insert into teacher (tno, tname, tsex, tbirthday, prof, depart) values ('856', '张旭','男','1969-03-12','讲师','电子工程系');
insert into teacher (tno, tname, tsex, tbirthday, prof, depart) values ('825', '王萍','女','1972-05-05','助教','计算机系');
insert into teacher (tno, tname, tsex, tbirthday, prof, depart) values ('831', '刘冰','女','1977-08-14','助教','电子工程系');

1. 查询Student表中的所有记录的SnameSsexClass列。

select sname, ssex, class from student;

2. 查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列。

select distinct depart from teacher;

3. 查询Student表的所有记录。

select * from student;

4. 查询Score表中成绩在6080之间的所有记录。

select * from score where degree between 60 and 80;

5. 查询Score表中成绩为858688的记录。

select * from score where degree in (85, 86, 88);

6. 查询Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。

select * from student where class = '95031' or ssex = '女';

7. Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。

select * from student order by class desc;

8. Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。

select * from score order by cno asc, degree desc;

9. 查询“95031”班的学生人数。

select count(*) from student where class = '95031';

10.查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。

select * from score sc  where degree = (select max(degree) as max from score where cno = sc.cno group by cno);

11.查询每门课的平均成绩。

select cno, avg(degree) as avg from score group by cno;

12.查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分数。

select cno, avg(degree) as avg from score where cno like '3%' group by cno having count(*) >= 5;

13.查询分数大于70,小于90Sno列。

select sno from score where degree > 70 and degree < 90;

14.查询所有学生的SnameCnoDegree列。

select sname, cno, degree from student s left join score sc on sc.sno = s.sno;

15.查询所有学生的SnoCnameDegree列。

select s.sno, c.cname, sc.degree from student s left join score sc on sc.sno = s.sno left join course c on c.cno = sc.cno;

16.查询所有学生的SnameCnameDegree列。

select s.sname, c.cname, sc.degree from student s left join score sc on sc.sno = s.sno left join course c on c.cno = sc.cno;

17.查询“95033”班学生的平均分。

select cno , avg(degree)  from score sc where sc.sno in (select sno from student where class = '95033') group by cno;

18.查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。

select * from score where sno = '109' and cno = '3-105';

19.查询成绩高于学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”的成绩的所有记录。

select * from score where  cno = '3-105' and degree > (select degree from score where sno = '109'and cno = '3-105'); -- 此处理解为只看‘3-105’课程成绩
select * from score where degree > (select degree from score where sno = '109'and cno = '3-105'); -- 此处为各科成绩都算。

20.查询和学号为108101的同学同年出生的所有学生的SnoSnameSbirthday列。(使用year()方法对生日字段求年份)

select sno,sname,sbirthday from student where year(sbirthday) in (select year(sbirthday) from student where sno in ('108', '101'));

21.查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。

select sc.* from score sc inner join course c on c.cno = sc.cno inner join teacher t on t.tno = c.tno where t.tname = '张旭'; -- 合并多个表然后查询
select * from score where cno in(select cno from course where tno in(select tno from teacher where tname ='张旭')); -- 嵌套查询

22.查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。

select tname from teacher where tno = (select tno from course where cno = (select cno from score group by cno having count(*) > 5));

23.查询95033班和95031班全体学生的记录。

select * from student where class in ('95033', '95031');

24.查询存在有85分以上成绩的课程Cno

select distinct cno from score where degree > 85;

25.查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。

select * from score where cno in (select cno from course where tno in (select tno from teacher where depart = '计算机系')); 

26.查询“计算 机系”与“电子工程系“不同职称的教师的TnameProf

select tname, prof from teacher where depart = '计算机系' and prof not in (select prof from teacher where depart = '电子工程系')union select tname, prof from teacher where depart = '电子工程系' and prof not in (select prof from teacher where depart = '计算机系');

27.查询所有教师和同学的namesexbirthday

select sname as `name`, ssex as `sex`, sbirthday as `birthday` from student union select tname, tsex,tbirthday from teacher;

28.查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的namesexbirthday

select sname as `name` , ssex as `sex`, sbirthday as `birthday`from student where ssex = '女' union select tname, tsex , tbirthday from teacher where tsex = '女';

29.查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。

select * from score sc where degree < (select avg(degree) as avg from score where cno = sc.cno group by cno);

30.查询所有任课教师的TnameDepart

select tname, depart from teacher where tno in (select tno from course);

31.查询所有未讲课的教师的TnameDepart

select tname, depart from teacher where tno in (select tno from course where cno not in (select cno from score)); -- 此处理解为没有成绩的课程为未讲课的课程。

32.查询至少有2名男生的班号。

select class from student where ssex = '男' group by class having count(*) >= 2;

33.查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。

select * from student where sname not like '王%';

34.查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄(使用year()方法对日期字段)。

select sname, (year(now()) - year(sbirthday)) as nian_ling from student;

35.查询Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。

select max(sbirthday) as max,min(sbirthday) as min from student;

36.以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。

select * from student order by class desc, sbirthday asc; 

37.查询“男”教师及其所上的课程。

select t.*, c.cno, c.cname from teacher t inner join course c on c.tno = t.tno where t.tsex = '男';

38.查询最高分同学的SnoCnoDegree列。

select sno, cno, degree from score sc where degree = (select max(degree) as max from score where cno = sc.cno group by cno);

39.查询和“李军”同性别的所有同学的Sname

select sname from student where ssex in (select ssex from student where sname = '李军');

40.查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname

select sname from student where ssex in (select ssex from student where sname = '李军') and class in (select class from student where sname = '李军');

41.查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表。

select * from score where cno in (select cno from course where cname = '计算机导论')and sno in (select sno from student where ssex = '男');