欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页  >  IT编程

Python requests HTTP验证登录实现流程

程序员文章站 2022-08-07 23:20:42
1、场景1)用户输入完网址后,浏览器直接弹出需要输入用户名/密码ps:此时输入用户名密码即可登录,或者直接带着用户名密码访问网站。假设url为http://xxx.yyy.zzz用户名为admin密码...

1、场景

1)用户输入完网址后,浏览器直接弹出需要输入用户名/密码

Python requests HTTP验证登录实现流程

ps:此时输入用户名密码即可登录,或者直接带着用户名密码访问网站。

假设url为http://xxx.yyy.zzz

用户名为admin

密码为123456

则访问的网址应该为http://admin:123456@xxx.yyy.zzz【http://username:password@url】

直接访问改网址即可

2)利用requests.get(url)返回状态码为401

# -*- encoding=utf-8 -*-
import requests
if __name__ == '__main__':
  url = 'http://xxxxx.yyyyyy'
  response = requests.get(url=url)
  status_code = response.status_code
  print status_code
  text = response.text
  print text

运行

401
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd xhtml 1.0 strict//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/xhtml1/dtd/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"/>
<title>401 - unauthorized: access is denied due to invalid credentials.</title>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body{margin:0;font-size:.7em;font-family:verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;background:#eeeeee;}
fieldset{padding:0 15px 10px 15px;} 
h1{font-size:2.4em;margin:0;color:#fff;}
h2{font-size:1.7em;margin:0;color:#cc0000;} 
h3{font-size:1.2em;margin:10px 0 0 0;color:#000000;} 
#header{width:96%;margin:0 0 0 0;padding:6px 2% 6px 2%;font-family:"trebuchet ms", verdana, sans-serif;color:#fff;
background-color:#555555;}
#content{margin:0 0 0 2%;position:relative;}
.content-container{background:#fff;width:96%;margin-top:8px;padding:10px;position:relative;}
-->
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="header"><h1>server error</h1></div>
<div id="content">
 <div class="content-container"><fieldset>
 <h2>401 - unauthorized: access is denied due to invalid credentials.</h2>
 <h3>you do not have permission to view this directory or page using the credentials that you supplied.</h3>
 </fieldset></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

2、http基础验证

这是一种简单的身份认证,它是通过http的authorization请求头中,携带经过base64加密的用户名和密码而实现的一种认证

# -*- encoding=utf-8 -*-
import requests
from requests.auth import httpbasicauth
if __name__ == '__main__':
  url = 'http://xxx.yyy.zzz'
  user = 'admin'
  password = '123456'
  response = requests.get(url=url, auth=httpbasicauth(user, password))
  # 或者
  # response = requests.get(url=url, auth=(user, password))
  print response.status_code

3、摘要式身份认证

# -*- encoding=utf-8 -*-
import requests
from requests.auth import httpdigestauth

if __name__ == '__main__':
  url = 'http://xxx.yyy.zzz'
  user = 'admin'
  password = '123456'
  response = requests.get(url, auth=httpdigestauth(user, password))
  print response.status_code

如果2和3都不行,还是返回401,此时可以试试第4种

使用2和3依旧返回401,此时可以print出response.headers看一下

# -*- encoding=utf-8 -*-

import requests
from requests.auth import httpdigestauth

if __name__ == '__main__':
  url = 'http://xxx.yyy.zzz'
  user = 'admin'
  password = '123456'
  response = requests.get(url, auth=httpdigestauth(user, password))
  print response.status_code
  print response.headers

运行

401
{'content-length': '1293', 'x-powered-by': 'asp.net', 'server': 'microsoft-iis/7.5', 'date': 'fri, 05 jun 2020 05:36:23 gmt', 'content-type': 'text/html', 'www-authenticate': 'negotiate, ntlm'}

打印后可看到headers中带有字样'www-authenticate': 'negotiate, ntlm',表示需要ntlm验证,此时尝试使用第4种[/code]

4、ntlm验证

# -*- encoding=utf-8 -*-
import requests
from requests_ntlm import httpntlmauth
if __name__ == '__main__':
  url = 'http://xxx.yyy.zzz'
  user = 'admin'
  password = '123456'
  response = requests.get(url, auth=httpntlmauth(user, password))
  print response.status_code
  print response.headers

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持。