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在Linux下比较两个目录需要忽略某些文件时怎么做?

程序员文章站 2022-07-14 12:12:37
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在Linux下如果要比较两个目录,可以使用diff命令,并且需要加上选项-r(递归)。

       -r     When comparing directories, recursively compare any subdirectories found.

 

另外还有两个常用的选项,-b (忽略空白)和 -B (忽略空行)

       -b     Ignore changes in amount of white space.
       -B     Ignore changes that just insert or delete blank lines.

如下例所示:

[root@s170 cjtj]# diff -r -b -B sch_admin 4sch_admin
              
Only in 4sch_admin: 1.txt
diff -r -b -B sch_admin/build/CVS/Root 4sch_admin/build/CVS/Root
1c1
< :pserver:coding@cvsbank:/CVSAPPS
---
> :pserver:zhy@218.23.142.44:12401/home/cvsroot
diff -r -b -B sch_admin/conf/CVS/Entries 4sch_admin/conf/CVS/Entries
1c1
< /struts-sch.xml/1.3/Fri May 18 07:31:05 2012//
---
> /struts-sch.xml/1.3/Fri May 18 14:39:35 2012//
。。。
。。。

因为我的目录中带有版本信息,CVS目录存在很大的区别,但是对实际的文件内容是没有意义的,因此我想在比较时忽略掉CVS目录。

       --exclude=pattern
              When comparing directories, ignore files and subdirectories whose basenames match pattern.

下面是加了 --exclude选项时的比较结果,看上去很清爽。

[root@s170 cjtj]# diff -r -b -B --exclude=CVS sch_admin 4sch_admin

Only in 4sch_admin: 1.txt
Binary files sch_admin/dist/sch-admin.jar and 4sch_admin/dist/sch-admin.jar differ
Only in 4sch_admin/dist: .#sch-admin.jar.1.10
Only in 4sch_admin/dist: .#sch-admin.jar.1.11
Only in 4sch_admin/dist: .#sch-admin.jar.1.12
Only in 4sch_admin/extra/zhaosheng: baoming.html.1
[root@s170 cjtj]# 


 

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