【计算机图形学】c++ OpenGL 二维变换(包括多边形绘制、平移、旋转及缩放)
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2022-07-14 09:59:40
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运行结果演示
源代码
// 二维变换.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include<GL/glut.h>
#include<GL/gl.h>
#include<GL/glu.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
#include<vector>
#define PI 3.14159265358
//q,w,e,r分别为平移,绘制多边形,旋转,缩放
#define TRANSLATE 0
#define DRAWPOLYGON 1
#define ROTATE 2
#define SCALE 3
int tran_x,tran_y;
int _xtmp,_ytmp;//作为缩放变量用
int mode=DRAWPOLYGON;//默认为绘制模式
using namespace std;
const int winwidth=800;
const int winheight=640;
struct position{
double x;
double y;
};
typedef GLfloat Matrix3x3[3][3];
Matrix3x3 matComposite;//复合矩阵
vector<position> xy;
position tmp;
void DrawPolygon();
void dragmouse(int x,int y);
void mymouse(int button,int state,int x,int y);
void myKeyboard(unsigned char key,int x,int y);
void myKeyboardUp(unsigned char key,int x,int y);
//设置为单位矩阵
void matrix3x3SetIdentity(Matrix3x3 mat){
GLint row,col;
for(row=0;row<3;row++){
for(col=0;col<3;col++)
mat[row][col]=(row==col);
}
}
void init(){
glClearColor(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0);//设置绘制窗口颜色为白色
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);//清除窗口显示内容
/*设置为投影类型模式和其他观察参数*/
glPointSize(3.0f);
glColor3f(1.0,0.0,0.0);//设置颜色为红
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluOrtho2D(0,winwidth,winheight,0);
matrix3x3SetIdentity(matComposite);
}
//矩阵相乘
void matrixpreMultiply(Matrix3x3 m1,Matrix3x3 m2){
GLint row,col;
Matrix3x3 tmp;
for(row=0;row<3;row++){
for(col=0;col<3;col++){
tmp[row][col]=m1[row][0]*m2[0][col]+m1[row][1]*
m2[1][col]+m1[row][2]*m2[2][col];
}
}
for(row=0;row<3;row++){
for(col=0;col<3;col++){
m2[row][col]=tmp[row][col];
}
}
}
//平移
void translate2D(GLfloat tx,GLfloat ty){
Matrix3x3 matTransl;
matrix3x3SetIdentity(matTransl);//设置为单位矩阵
matTransl[0][2]=tx;
matTransl[1][2]=ty;
matrixpreMultiply(matTransl,matComposite);
}
//旋转
void rotate2D(int x,int y,float theta){
theta=theta/180*PI;
Matrix3x3 matRot;
matrix3x3SetIdentity(matRot);
matRot[0][0]=cos(theta);
matRot[0][1]=-sin(theta);
matRot[0][2]=x*(1-cos(theta))+y*sin(theta);
matRot[1][0]=sin(theta);
matRot[1][1]=cos(theta);
matRot[1][2]=y*(1-cos(theta))-x*sin(theta);
matrixpreMultiply(matRot,matComposite);
}
//缩放
void scale2D(GLfloat sx,GLfloat sy,int x,int y){
Matrix3x3 matScale;
matrix3x3SetIdentity(matScale);
matScale[0][0]=sx;
matScale[0][2]=(1-sx)*x;
matScale[1][1]=sy;
matScale[1][2]=(1-sy)*y;
matrixpreMultiply(matScale,matComposite);
}
//复合矩阵
void transformVerts2D(){
GLfloat tmp;
for(int i=0;i<xy.size();i++){
tmp=matComposite[0][0]*xy[i].x+matComposite[0][1]*xy[i].y+matComposite[0][2];
xy[i].y=matComposite[1][0]*xy[i].x+matComposite[1][1]*xy[i].y+matComposite[1][2];
xy[i].x=tmp;
}
DrawPolygon();
matrix3x3SetIdentity(matComposite);
}
//绘制多边形
void DrawPolygon(){
// glEnable(GL_POLYGON_STIPPLE);
glPolygonMode(GL_BACK,GL_LINE);//设置反面为线性模式
glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT,GL_LINE);//设置正面为线性模式
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);//清除窗口显示内容
glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
for(unsigned int i=0;i<xy.size();i++){
glVertex2f(xy[i].x,xy[i].y);
}
glEnd();
glFlush();
}
//鼠标拖动
void dragmouse(int x,int y){
float ssx=1,ssy=1;
switch (mode)
{
//q,w,e,r
case TRANSLATE:
translate2D(x-tran_x,y-tran_y);
transformVerts2D();
tran_x=x;
tran_y=y;
break;
case DRAWPOLYGON:
break;
case ROTATE:
if(x<=_xtmp&&y>=_ytmp)
rotate2D(tran_x,tran_y,-8);
else
rotate2D(tran_x,tran_y,8);
transformVerts2D();
_xtmp=x;
_ytmp=y;
break;
case SCALE:
/*不等比例缩放*/
if(x>_xtmp){
ssx+=0.01f;
}
else if(x<_xtmp&&ssx>0){
ssx-=0.01f;
}
if(y<_ytmp){
ssy+=0.01f;
}
else if(y>_ytmp&&ssy>0){
ssy-=0.01f;
}
/*等比例缩放
if(x<=_xtmp&&y>=_ytmp){
ssx-=0.01f;
ssy-=0.01f;
}else{
ssx+=0.01f;
ssy+=0.01f;
}*/
scale2D(ssx,ssy,tran_x,tran_y);
transformVerts2D();
_xtmp=x;
_ytmp=y;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
//鼠标
void mymouse(int button,int state,int x,int y){
if(button==GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON &&state==GLUT_DOWN){
switch (mode)
{
//q,w,e,r
case TRANSLATE:
tran_x=x;
tran_y=y;
break;
case DRAWPOLYGON:
tmp.x=x;
tmp.y=y;
xy.push_back(tmp);
DrawPolygon();
break;
case ROTATE:
tran_x=x;
tran_y=y;
_xtmp=x;
_ytmp=y;
break;
case SCALE:
tran_x=x;
tran_y=y;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
//键盘
void myKeyboard(unsigned char key,int x,int y){
//清空删除
if(key=='a'){
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);//清除窗口显示内容
glFlush();
xy.clear();
}
}
void myKeyboardUp(unsigned char key,int x,int y){
switch (key)
{
case 'q':mode=TRANSLATE;
break;
case 'w':mode=DRAWPOLYGON;
break;
case 'e':mode=ROTATE;
break;
case 'r':mode=SCALE;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
void myDisplay(){
glFlush();
}
void mymenu(int id){
if(id==0)
mode=0;
else if(id==1)
mode=1;
else if(id==2)
mode=2;
else if(id==3)
mode=3;
}
int main(int argc,char**argv){
glutInit(&argc,argv);//初始化
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE |GLUT_RGB);//设置绘制模式
glutInitWindowPosition(500,300);
glutInitWindowSize(winwidth,winheight);
glutCreateWindow("二维图形的变换");//创建窗口
int id=glutCreateMenu(mymenu);
glutAddMenuEntry("平移",0);
glutAddMenuEntry("绘制多边形",1);
glutAddMenuEntry("旋转",2);
glutAddMenuEntry("缩放",3);
glutAttachMenu(GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON);
init();
glutDisplayFunc(myDisplay);
glutMouseFunc(mymouse);//鼠标监听回调函数
glutMotionFunc(dragmouse);//鼠标拖动
glutKeyboardFunc(myKeyboard);//键盘监听
glutKeyboardUpFunc(myKeyboardUp);//键盘弹起状态
glutMainLoop();
}
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