一个基于POM模式的Web自动化测试框架

基于最近可能工作要求，和自动化脚本效率的问题上，对设计模式进行了一些了解

所以参考性的编写了一个这样的POM模式的Web自动化测试框架

如果大家有需要，可以看看，指导探讨一下

 

整体的文件目录

设置了公共文档的读出，在config.ini

可以把一下公共的东西，如url，账号等放进去

 

 

1. 对公共类进行了封装 为Common中basePage包

class BasePage:
    """测试基类"""
    def __init__(self, driver):
        self.driver = driver

    def get_img(self):
        """截图"""
        # img文件夹路径
        img_path = os.path.join(test_123.getcwd.get_cwd(), 'img/')
        # img文件夹不存在，新建该文件夹
        if not os.path.exists(img_path):
            os.makedirs(img_path)
        # 获取当前日期
        local_date = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time()))
        # 日期文件夹路径
        date_file_path = os.path.join(img_path,local_date)
        # 日期文件夹不存在，新建该文件夹
        if not os.path.exists(date_file_path):
            os.makedirs(date_file_path)
        # 截图存放路径
        local_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H%M%S', time.localtime(time.time()))
        jt_name = local_time+'.png'
        jt_path = os.path.join(date_file_path, jt_name)
        try:
            self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(jt_path)
            log1.info('截图保存成功')
        except BaseException:
            log1.error('截图失败', exc_info=1)
        print('Screenshot_Path：', jt_path)




    def open_browser(self):
        """打开浏览器，访问url"""
        browser = config.config_read('environment', 'browser')
        log1.info('读取浏览器配置,值为%s' % browser)
        url = config.config_read('environment', 'url')
        log1.info('读取url,值为%s' % url)
        # noinspection PyBroadException
        try:
            if browser == 'chrome':
                option = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
                option.add_argument('disable-infobars')
                self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=option)
                log1.info('打开chrome浏览器')
            elif browser == 'firefox':
                self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()
                log1.info('打开firefox浏览器')
            else:
                log1.error('浏览器配置有误，应为chrome或firefox')
            self.driver.get(url)
            log1.info('访问url')
            self.driver.maximize_window()
            log1.info('浏览器最大化')
            self.driver.implicitly_wait(10)
            log1.info('设置静态等待时间10秒')
            return self.driver
        except BaseException:
            log1.error('浏览器打开报错', exc_info=1)

    def get_element(self, selector):
        """定位元素"""
        by = selector[0]
        value = selector[1]
        bys = ['id', 'name', 'class', 'tag', 'link', 'plink', 'css', 'xpath']
        element = None
        if by in bys:
            try:
                if by == 'id':
                    element = self.driver.find_element_by_id(value)
                elif by == 'name':
                    element = self.driver.find_element_by_name(value)
                elif by == 'class':
                    element = self.driver.find_element_by_class_name(value)
                elif by == 'tag':
                    element = self.driver.find_element_by_tag_name(value)
                elif by == 'link':
                    element = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text(value)
                elif by == 'plink':
                    element = self.driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(value)
                elif by == 'css':
                    element = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(value)
                elif by == 'xpath':
                    element = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(value)
                log1.info('元素定位成功。定位方式：%s，使用的值：%s' % (by, value))
                return element
            except NoSuchElementException:
                log1.error('没有定位到元素,定位方式：%s，使用的值：%s' % (by, value), exc_info=1)
        else:
            log1.error('元素定位方式错误，请使用id，name，class，tag，link，plink，css，xpath为定位方式参数')

    @staticmethod
    def isdisplayed(element):
        """元素是否存在"""
        value = element.is_displayed()
        return value

    def type(self, selector, value):
        """往输入框输入内容"""
        element = self.get_element(selector)
        element.clear()
        # noinspection PyBroadException
        try:
            element.send_keys(value)
            log1.info('输入的内容：%s' % value)
        except BaseException:
            log1.error('内容输入报错', exc_info=1)
            self.get_img()

    def click(self, selector):
        """点击元素"""
        element = self.get_element(selector)
        # noinspection PyBroadException
        try:
            element.click()
            log1.info('点击元素成功')
        except BaseException:
            isdisplay = self.isdisplayed(element)
            if isdisplay is True:
                self.my_sleep(3)
                element.click()
                log1.info('点击元素成功')
            else:
                log1.error('点击元素报错', exc_info=1)

    @staticmethod
    def my_sleep(secondes):
        """强制等待"""
        time.sleep(secondes)
        log1.info('强制等待%d秒' % secondes)

    def get_title(self):
        """获取title"""
        title = self.driver.title
        log1.info('当前打开的title是：%s' % title)
        return title

    def get_text(self, selector):
        """获取text"""
        element = self.get_element(selector)
        text = element.text
        log1.info("获取的text：%s" % text)
        return text

    def use_js(self, js):
        """调用js"""
        # noinspection PyBroadException
        try:
            self.driver.execute_script(js)
            log1.info('js执行成功，js内容为：%s' % js)
        except BaseException:
            log1.error('js执行报错', exc_info=1)

    def switch_menue(self, parentelement, secelement, targetelement):
        """三级菜单切换"""
        self.my_sleep(3)
        # noinspection PyBroadException
        try:
            self.driver.switch_to_default_content()
            self.click(parentelement)
            log1.info('成功点击一级菜单：%s' % parentelement)
            self.click(secelement)
            log1.info('成功点击二级菜单：%s' % secelement)
            self.click(targetelement)
            log1.info('成功点击三级菜单：%s' % targetelement)
        except BaseException:
            log1.error('切换菜单报错', exc_info=1)

    def switch_ifarme(self, selector):
        """切换farm"""
        element = self.get_element(selector)
        # noinspection PyBroadException
        try:
            self.driver.switch_to.frame(element)
            log1.info('切换frame成功')
        except BaseException:
            log1.error('切换frame报错', exc_info=1)

    def get_handle(self):
        """获得当前handle"""
        handle = self.driver.current_window_handle
        return handle

    def chage_handle(self, handle):
        """切换窗口"""
        handles = self.driver.window_handles
        for i in handles:
            if i != handle:
                self.driver.switch_to_window(i)

    def dr_quit(self):
        self.driver.quit()

2.对LOG日志类也进行封装log.py

def get_log(logger_name):
    # 获取项目的根目录
    project_path = test_123.getcwd.get_cwd()
    Logs_path = os.path.join(project_path, 'Logs')
    # 获取本地时间，转为年-月-日格式
    local_date = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time()))
    # 日期文件夹路径
    date_file_path = os.path.join(Logs_path, local_date)
    # 如果没有日期文件夹，创建该文件夹
    if not os.path.exists(date_file_path):
        os.makedirs(date_file_path)
    # 完整日志存放路径
    all_log_path = os.path.join(date_file_path, 'All_Logs/')
    # 如果没有完整日志文件夹，创建该文件夹
    if not os.path.exists(all_log_path):
        os.makedirs(all_log_path)
    # 错误日志存放路径
    error_log_path = os.path.join(date_file_path, 'Error_Logs/')
    # 如果没有错误日志文件夹，创建该文件夹
    if not os.path.exists(error_log_path):
        os.makedirs(error_log_path)
    # 获取本地时间，转为年月日时分秒格式
    local_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H%M%S', time.localtime(time.time()))
    # 设置日志文件名
    all_log_name = all_log_path + local_time + '.log'
    error_log_name = error_log_path + local_time + '.log'

    # 创建一个logger
    logger = logging.getLogger(logger_name)
    logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

    # 创建handler
    # 创建一个handler写入所有日志
    fh = logging.FileHandler(all_log_name)
    fh.setLevel(logging.INFO)
    # 创建一个handler写入错误日志
    eh = logging.FileHandler(error_log_name)
    eh.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
    # 创建一个handler输出到控制台
    ch = logging.StreamHandler()
    ch.setLevel(logging.INFO)

    # 定义日志输出格式
    # 以时间-日志器名称-日志级别-日志内容的形式展示
    all_log_formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
    # 以时间-日志器名称-日志级别-文件名-函数行号-错误内容
    error_log_formatter = logging.Formatter(
        '%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(module)s  - %(lineno)s - %(message)s')
    # 将定义好的输出形式添加到handler
    fh.setFormatter(all_log_formatter)
    ch.setFormatter(all_log_formatter)
    eh.setFormatter(error_log_formatter)

    # 给logger添加handler
    logger.addHandler(fh)
    logger.addHandler(eh)
    logger.addHandler(ch)
    return logger


log1 = get_log('selenium')

3.POM下简单的元素界面

from test_123.Common.basePage import BasePage



class HomePage(BasePage):
    """51"""


    qydl = ['id', 'qydl']
    txtent_userName=['id', 'txtent_userName']
    txtent_userPwd=['id','txtent_userPwd']
    imgbtnuserLogin=['id','imgbtnuserLogin']
    spanError=['id','spanError']



    def login_click(self, value):
        """输入账号"""
        self.click(self.qydl)
        self.click(self.txtent_userName)
        self.type(self.txtent_userName,value)


    def login1_click(self, value):
        '''输入密码'''
        self.click(self.txtent_userPwd)
        self.type(self.txtent_userPwd,value)
        self.click(self.imgbtnuserLogin)
        ssf=self.get_text(self.spanError)
        print(ssf)

4.测试集合的用例管理

 

import unittest
from test_123.Common.basePage import BasePage
from test_123.PageObject.homePage import HomePage
from test_123.Common.log import log1
from test_123.Common.HTMLTestRunner import *



class TestHome(unittest.TestCase):
    """测试主页面"""

    def setUp(self):
        browser = BasePage(self)
        self.driver = browser.open_browser()

    def test_login(self):
        """测试搜索"""
        case_name = '测试搜索'
        log1.info("执行测试用例：%s" % case_name)
        home = HomePage(self.driver)
        home.my_sleep(2)
        title=home.login_click('123456')
        title1=home.login1_click('123456')





    def tearDown(self):
        home = HomePage(self.driver)
        home.dr_quit()

5.对用例进行集合输出报告

调用HtmlTestRuuner进行报告：

entrance.py

import test_123.Common.HTMLTestRunner
import unittest
import logging
from time import strftime, localtime, time
from test_123.TestSuites.testHome import TestHome



suite = unittest.TestSuite()
   # 获取TestSuite的实例对象

suite.addTest(TestHome('test_login'))
# 把测试用例添加到测试容器中

now = strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H_%M_%S", localtime(time()))
# 获取当前时间

filename = now + "test.html"
# 文件名

fp = open(filename, "wb")
# 以二进制的方式打开文件并写入结果

runner = test_123.Common.HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(
    stream=fp,
    verbosity=2,
    title="51.test",
    description="测试报告的详情")

runner.run(suite)
fp.close()

log_format = '%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'
logging.basicConfig(filename="server.log", filemode='a+', format=log_format, level=logging.DEBUG)

6.当用例进行了测试后，对测试用例发送到自己邮箱，这个在搭建在Jenkins上时就可以定时看报告

#!/usr/bin/python3
import os
import time
import smtplib
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from test_123.entrance import filename
import test_123.getcwd
from test_123.Common.config import Config
from test_123.Common.log import log1



config = Config()

#rq = time.strftime('%Y%m%d', time.localtime(time.time()))  # 获取本地时间 转换成日期
my_sender = config.config_read('sender', 'email')  # 发件人邮箱账号
my_pass = config.config_read('sender', 'password')  # 发件人邮箱密码
usernmae = config.config_read('sender', 'username')  # 发件人姓名 #
my_user = config.config_read('addressed','heemail')  # 收件人邮箱

path = test_123.getcwd.get_cwd()

file = 'E:\\untitled\\test_123\\Common\\'+ filename#附件路径


def mail():
    ret = True
    try:

        # 构造一个邮件体：正文 附件
        msg = MIMEMultipart()
        msg['Subject'] = "51测试"  # 主题
        msg['From'] = my_sender  # 发件人
        msg['To'] = my_user  # 收件人

        # 构建正文
        part_text = MIMEText("这个是UI测试，HTMLtextrunner测试报告")
        msg.attach(part_text)  # 把正文加到邮件体里面去

        # 构建邮件附件
        # file = file           #获取文件路径
        part_attach1 = MIMEApplication(open(file, 'rb').read())  # 打开附件
        part_attach1.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=file)  # 为附件命名
        msg.attach(part_attach1)  # 添加附件


        server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.qq.com", 465)  # 发件人邮箱中的SMTP服务器，设置端口是465
        server.login(my_sender, my_pass)  # 括号中对应的是发件人邮箱账号、邮箱密码
        server.sendmail(my_sender, [my_user, ], msg.as_string())  # 括号中对应的是发件人邮箱账号、收件人邮箱账号、发送邮件
        server.quit()  # 关闭连接
    except Exception:  # 如果 try 中的语句没有执行，则会执行下面的 ret=False
        ret = False
    return ret

ret = mail()
if ret:
    print("邮件发送成功")
else:
    print("邮件发送失败件")

到这里就简单介绍了一下过程，水平不足，可能说得不太明白

 

如果大家需要的话，可以找我要一下全部源码