【Linux】一步一步学Linux——pmap命令(145)

00. 目录

01. 命令概述

pmap命令用于报告进程的内存映射关系，是Linux调试及运维一个很好的工具。

02. 命令格式

 pmap [选项] 进程号 [...]

03. 常用选项

-x：显示扩展格式
-d：显示设备格式
-q：不显示头尾行
-V：显示指定版本

04. 参考示例

扩展格式和设备格式域

Address:  start address of map  映像起始地址
Kbytes:  size of map in kilobytes  映像大小
RSS:  resident set size in kilobytes  驻留集大小
Dirty:  dirty pages (both shared and private) in kilobytes  脏页大小
Mode:  permissions on map 映像权限: r=read, w=write, x=execute, s=shared, p=private (copy on write)  
Mapping:  file backing the map , or '[ anon ]' for allocated memory, or '[ stack ]' for the program stack.  映像支持文件,[anon]为已分配内存 [stack]为程序堆栈
Offset:  offset into the file  文件偏移
Device:  device name (major:minor)  设备名

4.1 查看进程1的设备格式

[[email protected] ~]# pmap  -d 1
1:   /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 22
Address           Kbytes Mode  Offset           Device    Mapping
0000558b9e31a000    1408 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00003 systemd
0000558b9e679000     140 r---- 000000000015f000 008:00003 systemd
0000558b9e69c000       4 rw--- 0000000000182000 008:00003 systemd
0000558b9f184000    1292 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007effac000000     164 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007effac029000   65372 ----- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007effb4000000     164 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007effb4029000   65372 ----- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]

4.2 查看进程1的设备格式，不显示头尾行

[[email protected] ~]# pmap  -d -q 1
1:   /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 22
0000558b9e31a000    1408 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00003 systemd
0000558b9e679000     140 r---- 000000000015f000 008:00003 systemd
0000558b9e69c000       4 rw--- 0000000000182000 008:00003 systemd
0000558b9f184000    1292 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007effac000000     164 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007effac029000   65372 ----- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007effb4000000     164 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]

4.3 查看进程1的扩展格式

[[email protected] ~]# pmap  -x 1 
1:   /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 22
Address           Kbytes     RSS   Dirty Mode  Mapping
0000558b9e31a000    1408     952       0 r-x-- systemd
0000558b9e679000     140     132     132 r---- systemd
0000558b9e69c000       4       4       4 rw--- systemd
0000558b9f184000    1292    1100    1100 rw---   [ anon ]
00007effac000000     164      12      12 rw---   [ anon ]
00007effac029000   65372       0       0 -----   [ anon ]

4.4 循环显示进程666的设备格式的最后1行，间隔1秒

[[email protected] ~]# while true; do pmap -d 666 |tail -1;sleep 1;done
mapped: 115304K    writeable/private: 416K    shared: 28K
mapped: 115304K    writeable/private: 416K    shared: 28K
mapped: 115304K    writeable/private: 416K    shared: 28K
mapped: 115304K    writeable/private: 416K    shared: 28K
mapped: 115304K    writeable/private: 416K    shared: 28K
mapped: 115304K    writeable/private: 416K    shared: 28K
mapped: 115304K    writeable/private: 416K    shared: 28K
mapped: 115304K    writeable/private: 416K    shared: 28K

05. 附录

参考：【Linux】一步一步学Linux系列教程汇总