android 网络编程之网络通信几种方式实例分享

如今，手机应用渗透到各行各业，数量难以计数，其中大多数应用都会使用到网络，与服务器的交互势不可挡，那么android当中访问网络有哪些方式呢？

现在总结了六种方式：

（1）针对tcp/ip的socket、serversocket

（2）针对udp的datagramsocket、datagrampackage。这里需要注意的是，考虑到android设备通常是手持终端,ip都是随着上网进行分配的。不是固定的。因此开发也是有一点与普通互联网应用有所差异的。

（3）针对直接url的httpurlconnection。

（4）google集成了apache http客户端，可使用http进行网络编程。

（5）使用webservice。android可以通过开源包如jackson去支持xmlrpc和jsonrpc,另外也可以用ksoap2去实现webservice。

（6）直接使用webview视图组件显示网页。基于webview 进行开发，google已经提供了一个基于chrome-lite的web浏览器，直接就可以进行上网浏览网页。

一、socket与serversocket

客户端代码

public class testnetworkactivity extends activity implements onclicklistener{
 private button connectbtn;
 private button sendbtn;
 private textview showview;
 private edittext msgtext;
 private socket socket;
 private handler handler;
 @override
 protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {

  super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);

  setcontentview(r.layout.test_network_main);

  connectbtn = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.test_network_main_btn_connect);
  sendbtn = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.test_network_main_btn_send);
  showview = (textview) findviewbyid(r.id.test_network_main_tv_show);
  msgtext = (edittext) findviewbyid(r.id.test_network_main_et_msg);
  connectbtn.setonclicklistener(this);
  sendbtn.setonclicklistener(this);

  handler = new handler(){
   @override
   public void handlemessage(message msg) {
    super.handlemessage(msg);
    string data = msg.getdata().getstring("msg");
    showview.settext("来自服务器的消息:"+data);
   }
  };
 }
 @override
 public void onclick(view v) {
  //连接服务器
  if(v == connectbtn){
   connectserver();
  }
  //发送消息
  if(v == sendbtn){
   string msg = msgtext.gettext().tostring();
   send(msg);
  }
 }
       /**
  *连接服务器的方法
  */
 public void connectserver(){
  try {
   socket = new socket("192.168.1.100",4000);
   system.out.println("连接服务器成功");
   recevie();
  } catch (exception e) {
   system.out.println("连接服务器失败"+e);
   e.printstacktrace();
  }
 }
       /**
  *发送消息的方法
  */
 public void send(string msg){
  try {
   printstream ps = new printstream(socket.getoutputstream());
   ps.println(msg);
   ps.flush();
  } catch (ioexception e) {

   e.printstacktrace();
  }
 }
       /**
  *读取服务器传回的方法
  */
 public void recevie(){

  new thread(){
   public void run(){
    while(true){
     try {
      inputstream is = socket.getinputstream();
      bufferedreader br = new bufferedreader(new inputstreamreader(is));
      string str = br.readline();
      message message = new message();
      bundle bundle = new bundle();
      bundle.putstring("msg", str);
      message.setdata(bundle);
      handler.sendmessage(message);

     } catch (ioexception e) {

      e.printstacktrace();
     }
    }
   }
  }.start();

 }
}

二、rul、urlconnection、httpurlconnection、apachehttp、webview

public class testurlactivity extends activity implements onclicklistener {
 private button connectbtn;
 private button urlconnectionbtn;
 private button httpurlconnectionbtn;
 private button httpclientbtn;
 private imageview showimageview;
 private textview showtextview;
 private webview webview;

 @override
 protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {

  super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
  setcontentview(r.layout.test_url_main);

  connectbtn = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.test_url_main_btn_connect);
  urlconnectionbtn = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.test_url_main_btn_urlconnection);
  httpurlconnectionbtn = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.test_url_main_btn_httpurlconnection);
  httpclientbtn = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.test_url_main_btn_httpclient);
  showimageview = (imageview) findviewbyid(r.id.test_url_main_iv_show);
  showtextview = (textview) findviewbyid(r.id.test_url_main_tv_show);
  webview = (webview) findviewbyid(r.id.test_url_main_wv);
  connectbtn.setonclicklistener(this);
  urlconnectionbtn.setonclicklistener(this);
  httpurlconnectionbtn.setonclicklistener(this);
  httpclientbtn.setonclicklistener(this);
 }

 @override
 public void onclick(view v) {
  // 直接使用url对象进行连接
  if (v == connectbtn) {

   try {
    url url = new url("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/image.jpg");
    inputstream is = url.openstream();
    bitmap bitmap = bitmapfactory.decodestream(is);
    showimageview.setimagebitmap(bitmap);
   } catch (exception e) {

    e.printstacktrace();
   }

  }
  // 直接使用urlconnection对象进行连接  
  if (v == urlconnectionbtn) {
   try {

    url url = new url("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp");
    urlconnection connection = url.openconnection();
    inputstream is = connection.getinputstream();
    byte[] bs = new byte[1024];
    int len = 0;
    stringbuffer sb = new stringbuffer();
    while ((len = is.read(bs)) != -1) {
     string str = new string(bs, 0, len);
     sb.append(str);
    }
    showtextview.settext(sb.tostring());
   } catch (exception e) {

    e.printstacktrace();
   }

  }
  // 直接使用httpurlconnection对象进行连接
  if (v == httpurlconnectionbtn) {

   try {
    url url = new url(
      "http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp?username=abc");
    httpurlconnection connection = (httpurlconnection) url
      .openconnection();
    connection.setrequestmethod("get");
    if (connection.getresponsecode() == httpurlconnection.http_ok) {
     string message = connection.getresponsemessage();
     showtextview.settext(message);
    }
   } catch (exception e) {

    e.printstacktrace();
   }
  }
  // 使用apachehttp客户端进行连接(重要方法)
  if (v == httpclientbtn) {
   try {

    httpclient client = new defaulthttpclient();
    // 如果是get提交则创建httpget对象，否则创建httppost对象
    // httpget httpget = new
    // httpget("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp?username=abc&pwd=321");
    // post提交的方式
    httppost httppost = new httppost(
      "http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp");
    // 如果是post提交可以将参数封装到集合中传递
    list datalist = new arraylist();
    datalist.add(new basicnamevaluepair("username", "aaaaa"));
    datalist.add(new basicnamevaluepair("pwd", "123"));
    // urlencodedformentity用于将集合转换为entity对象
    httppost.setentity(new urlencodedformentity(datalist));
    // 获取相应消息
    httpresponse httpresponse = client.execute(httppost);
    // 获取消息内容
    httpentity entity = httpresponse.getentity();
    // 把消息对象直接转换为字符串
    string content = entityutils.tostring(entity);
                                //showtextview.settext(content);

    //通过webview来解析网页
    webview.loaddatawithbaseurl(null, content, "text/html", "utf-8", null);
    //给点url来进行解析
    //webview.loadurl(url);
   } catch (clientprotocolexception e) {

    e.printstacktrace();
   } catch (ioexception e) {

    e.printstacktrace();
   }
  }
 }

}

三、使用webservice

public class loginactivity extends activity implements onclicklistener{
 private button loginbtn;
 private static final string service_url = "http://192.168.1.100:8080/loginservice/loginserviceport";
 private static final string namespace = "http://service.lovo.com/";
 @override
 protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {

  super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
  setcontentview(r.layout.login_main);
  loginbtn = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.login_main_btn_login);
  loginbtn.setonclicklistener(this);
 }
 @override
 public void onclick(view v) {

  if(v == loginbtn){
   //创建webservice的连接对象
   httptransportse httpse = new httptransportse(service_url);
   //通过soap1.1协议对象得到envelop
   soapserializationenvelope envelop = new soapserializationenvelope(soapenvelope.ver11);
   //根据命名空间和方法名来创建soap对象
   soapobject soapobject = new soapobject(namespace, "validate");
   //向调用方法传递参数
   soapobject.addproperty("arg0", "abc");
   soapobject.addproperty("arg1","123");
   //将soapobject对象设置为soapserializationenvelope对象的传出soap消息
   envelop.bodyout = soapobject;
   try {
    //开始调用远程的方法
    httpse.call(null, envelop);
    //得到远程方法返回的soap对象
    soapobject resultobj = (soapobject) envelop.bodyin;
    //根据名为return的键来获取里面的值，这个值就是方法的返回值
    string returnstr = resultobj.getproperty("return").tostring();
    toast.maketext(this, "返回值："+returnstr, toast.length_long).show();
   } catch (ioexception e) {

    e.printstacktrace();
   } catch (xmlpullparserexception e) {

    e.printstacktrace();
   }

  }

 }
}