Django 实现图片上传和下载功能
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2022-07-08 18:13:21
原生上传图片方式#新建工程 python manage.py startapp test30#修改 settings.pyinstalled_apps = [ 'django.contrib.adm...
原生上传图片方式
#新建工程 python manage.py startapp test30 #修改 settings.py installed_apps = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'stu' ] #修改urls.py from django.conf.urls import url, include from django.contrib import admin urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'student/',include('stu.urls')), ] #新增加 stu/urls.py #coding:utf-8 from django.conf.urls import url import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^$',views.index_view) ] #编辑 stu/views.py # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from __future__ import unicode_literals from django.http import httpresponse from django.shortcuts import render # create your views here. #原生上传文件方式 def index_view(request): if request.method == 'get': return render(request,'index.html') elif request.method == 'post': #获取请求参数 uname = request.post.get('uname','') photo = request.files.get('photo','') print photo.name import os print os.getcwd() if not os.path.exists('media'): os.mkdir('media') #拼接路径 with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'media',photo.name),'wb') as fw: # photo.read() #一次性读取文件到内存 # fw.write(photo.read()) #分块读取,性能高 for ck in photo.chunks(): fw.write(ck) return httpresponse('it is post request,上传成功') else: return httpresponse('it is not post and get request!') #新增加模板文件 templates/index.html <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>title</title> </head> <body> <form action="/student/" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> {% csrf_token %} <p> <label for="ua">姓名: </label> <input type="text" name="uname" id="ua"/> </p> <p> <label for="ph">头像: </label> <input type="file" name="photo" id="ph"/> </p> <p>      <input type="submit" value="注册"/> </p> </form> </body> </html> #效果如下: 访问: http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/
django 图片上传方式
需求: 效果: 访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/ 通过注册将姓名、头像地址传入数据库中; 访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/showall 将数据库信息通过表格形式展示 ###过程 #修改 settings.py ,templates 新增加 'django.template.context_processors.media' templates = [ { 'backend': 'django.template.backends.django.djangotemplates', 'dirs': [os.path.join(base_dir, 'templates')] , 'app_dirs': true, 'options': { 'context_processors': [ 'django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', 'django.template.context_processors.media' ], }, }, ] 末尾增加: # global_settings #指定上传文件存储相对路径(读取文件) media_url = '/media/' #指定上传文件存储绝对路径(存储文件) media_root = os.path.join(base_dir,'media') #创建数据库模型 stu/models.py # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from __future__ import unicode_literals from django.db import models # create your models here. class student(models.model): sno = models.autofield(primary_key=true) sname = models.charfield(max_length=30) photo = models.imagefield(upload_to='imgs') def __unicode__(self): return u'student:%s'%self.sname #生成数据库迁移文件,查看数据库表结构 python makemigrations stu python migrate #修改 urls.py 因为显示问题,增加 debug 内容 from django.conf.urls import url, include from django.contrib import admin from test30.settings import debug, media_root urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'student/',include('stu.urls')), ] from django.views.static import serve if debug: urlpatterns+=url(r'^media/(?p<path>.*)/$', serve, {"document_root": media_root}), #修改 urls, stu/urls.py #coding:utf-8 from django.conf.urls import url import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^$',views.index_view), url(r'^upload/$',views.upload_view), url(r'^showall/$',views.showall_view) ] # 修改 stu/views.py #django 上传文件方式 def upload_view(request): uname = request.post.get('uname','') photo = request.files.get('photo','') #入库操作 student.objects.create(sname=uname,photo=photo) return httpresponse('上传成功!') #显示图片 def showall_view(request): stus = student.objects.all() print stus return render(request,'show.html',{'stus':stus}) # 修改 index.html <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>title</title> </head> <body> <form action="/student/upload/" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> {% csrf_token %} <p> <label for="ua">姓名: </label> <input type="text" name="uname" id="ua"/> </p> <p> <label for="ph">头像: </label> <input type="file" name="photo" id="ph"/> </p> <p>      <input type="submit" value="注册"/> </p> </form> </body> </html> # 增加模板文件 show.html <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>title</title> </head> <body> <table width="500px" border="1" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <th>编号</th> <th>姓名</th> <th>头像</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> {% for stu in stus %} <tr> <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> <td>{{ stu.sname }}</td> <td><img style="width: 200px;" src="{{ media_url }}{{ stu.photo }}"/></td> <td> 下载</td> </tr> {% endfor %} </table> </body> </html> 效果图: http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/ 注册实现数据库录入操作(点击提交通过index.html 中action="/student/upload/" 将url 转发至函数upload_view ,实现上传功能) http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/showall/ 实现数据库信息展示
图片下载功能
### 需求 在显示页面点击下载实现图片的下载功能 过程: #修改 show.html ,加入 下载的超链接 <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>title</title> </head> <body> <table width="500px" border="1" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <th>编号</th> <th>姓名</th> <th>头像</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> {% for stu in stus %} <tr> <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> <td>{{ stu.sname }}</td> <td><img style="width: 200px;" src="{{ media_url }}{{ stu.photo }}"/></td> <td><a href="/student/download/?photo={{ stu.photo }}" rel="external nofollow" >下载</a></td> </tr> {% endfor %} </table> </body> </html> #因为 show.html href="/student/download ,所以要修改urls #修改 stu/urls.py,新增加 url url(r'^download/$',views.download_view) #修改 stu/views.py def download_view(request): # 获取请求参数(图片存储位置) imgs/5566.jpg photo = request.get.get('photo','') print photo # 获取图片文件名5566.jpg ; rindex 为字符 '/' 在 photo 中最后出现的位置索引;例如 # txt = "imgs/5566.jpg" # x = txt.rindex("/") # print txt[x + 1:] 输出结果为 5566.jpg filename = photo[photo.rindex('/')+1:] print filename #开启一个流 import os path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'media',photo.replace('/','\\')) print path with open(path,'rb') as fr: response = httpresponse(fr.read()) response['content-type']='image/png' response['content-disposition'] = 'attachment;filename=' + filename return response #访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/showall/ ,点击下载
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