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Mybatis注解开发

程序员文章站 2022-07-08 14:47:13
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Mybatis注解开发

1.Mybaits常用注解说明

@Insert:实现新增

@Select:实现查询

@Update:实现更新

@Delete:实现删除

@Result:实现结果集的封装

@Results:可以与Result一起使用,实现多个结果集的封装

@ResultMap:实现引用@Results定义的封装

@One:实现一对一结果集的封装   @Many:实现一对多结果集的封装

@SelectProvider:实现动态SQL映射   @CacheNamespace:实现注解二级缓存的使用

1.1 使用Mybatis注解实现基本CRUD

package com.llb.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * Ceate By llb on 2019/8/9
 */
public class User implements Serializable{

    private Integer userId;
    private String userName;
    private String userAddress;
    private String userSex;
    private Date userBirthday;
}


此处故意与数据库列名不一致

1.2 使用注解方式开发持久层接口

package com.llb.dao;

import com.llb.domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 针对crud有四个注解
 * @Select, @Insert, @Update, @Delete
 * Ceate By llb on 2019/8/9
 */
public interface UserMapper {

    /**
     * 查询所有用户
     * @return
     */
    @Select("select * from user")
    List<User> findAll();

    /**
     * 保存用户
     */
    @Insert("insert into user(username, address, sex, birthday) values (#{username}, #{address}, #{sex}, #{birthday})")
    void saveUser(User user);

    /**
     * 更新用户
     */
    @Update("update user set username = #{username}, address = #{address}, sex= #{sex}, birthday = #{birthday} where id = #{id}")
    void updateUser(User user);

    /**
     * 删除用户
     */
    @Delete("delete from user where id = #{id}")
    void deleteUser(Integer id);

    /**
     * 根据id查询用户
     */
    @Select("select * from user where id = #{id}")
    User findUserById(Integer id);

    /**
     * 根据姓名模糊查询
     */
//    @Select("select * from user where username like #{username}")
    @Select("select * from user where username like '%${value}%'")
    List<User> findUserByUsername(String username);

    /**
     * 查询总用户数量
     */
    @Select("select count(*) from user")
    Integer findTotal();
}

通过此注解方式,我们就不需要再去编写UserMapper.xml映射文件了

1.3 编写SqlMapConfig.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>
    <!--引入外部配置文件-->
    <properties resource="jdbcConfig.properties"></properties>

    <!--配置别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.llb.domain"></package>
    </typeAliases>

    <!--配置环境-->
    <environments default="mysql">
        <!--配置MySQl环境-->
        <environment id="mysql">
            <!--配置事务类型为JDBC-->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <!--配置数据源-->
            <!--POOLED创建连接池-->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--指定带有注解的dao接口所在位置-->
    <mappers>
        <!-- 配置 dao 接口的位置,它有两种方式
        第一种:使用 mapper 标签配置 class 属性
        第二种:使用 package 标签,直接指定 mapper 接口所在的包
        -->
        <!--<mapper class="com.llb.dao.UserMapper"></mapper>-->
        <package name="com.llb.dao"></package>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

1.4 编写测试方法

package com.llb.test;
/**
 * Ceate By llb on 2019/8/9
 */
public class AnnotationCRUD {

    InputStream in ;
    SqlSessionFactory factory;
    SqlSession sqlSession;
    UserMapper mapper;

    @Before
    public void init() throws IOException {
        in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
        sqlSession = factory.openSession();
        mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
    }

    @After
    public void destroy() throws IOException {
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
        in.close();
    }

    /**
     * 测试注解保存用户
     */
    @Test
    public void testInsert(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("王五");
        user.setAddress("浙江杭州");
        user.setSex("男");
        user.setBirthday(new Date());
        mapper.saveUser(user);
    }

    /**
     * 测试注解修改用户
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdate(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(53);
        user.setUsername("王五");
        user.setAddress("浙江杭州");
        user.setSex("男");
        user.setBirthday(new Date());
        mapper.updateUser(user);
    }

    /**
     * 测试注解删除用户
     */
    @Test
    public void testDelete(){
        mapper.deleteUser(53);
    }

    /**
     * 根据id查询用户
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindUserById(){
        User user = mapper.findUserById(41);
        System.out.println(user);
    }
    /**
     * 根据姓名模糊查询用户
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindUserByName(){
        List<User> users = mapper.findUserByUsername("%张%");
        for (User user: users) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 总条数
     */
    @Test
    public void findTotal(){
        Integer total = mapper.findTotal();
        System.out.println(total);
    }

}
 

源码直达:github

2 使用注解实现复杂关系映射开发

实现复杂关系映射开发之前我们可以在映射文件中通过配置来实现,在使用注解开发时,我们需要借助@Result、@Results、@One、@Many

2.1 复杂关系映射的注解说明

@Results 注解 代替的标签是 该注解中可以使用单个@Result,也可以使用@Results集合
@Results({@Result(),@Result()})或@Results(@Result())

@Result注解 代替了和标签 @Result中的属性介绍:   id 是否是主键字段   column
数据库的列名   property 需要装配的属性名   one 需要使用@One注解(@Result(one = @One()))
  many 需要使用@Many注解(@Result(many = @Many()))

@One注解(一对一)   代替了标签,是表查询的关键,在注解中用来指定子查询返回单一对象。   属性介绍:
    select 指定用来多表查询的SqlMapper
    fetchType 会覆盖全局的配置参数lazyLoadingEnabled。   使用格式:
    @Result(column="", prperty="", [email protected](select="")) @Many注解(一对多)   代替了标签,是多表查询的关键,在注解中用来指定子查询返回对象集合。
  注意:聚集元素用来处理“一对多”的关系。需要指定映射的 Java 实体类的属性,属性的 javaType(一般为
ArrayList)但是注解中可以不定义;
     使用格式:
      @Result(property="",column="",[email protected](select=""))

2.2 使用注解实现一对一复杂关系映射延迟加载
需求:
      加载账户信息时并且加载该账户的用户信息,根据情况可实现延迟加载。(注解方式)
    2.2.1 添加User实体类及Account实体类
   用户实体类:

package com.llb.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Ceate By llb on 2019/8/9
 */
public class User implements Serializable {

    private Integer userId;
    private String userName;
    private String userAddress;
    private String userSex;
    private Date userBirthday;

}

账户实体类:

package com.llb.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 账户的实体类
 * Ceate By llb on 2019/8/7
 */
public class Account implements Serializable {

    private Integer id;
    private Integer uid;
    private double money;

    //从表实体应该包含一个主表实体的对象引用
    private User user;

}

2.2.2 添加账户的持久层接口并使用注解配置

package com.llb.dao;import java.util.List;

/**
 * Ceate By llb on 2019/8/7
 */
public interface AccountMapper {


    /**
     * 多对一:立即加载
     * 查询账户所对应的的用户
     * FetchType.EAGER:立即加载
     *
     */
    @Select("select * from account")
    @Results(id = "accountMap", value={
            @Result(id = true, column = "id", property = "id"),
            @Result(column = "uid", property = "uid"),
            @Result(column = "money", property = "money"),
            @Result(column = "uid", property = "user", one = @One(select = "com.llb.dao.UserMapper.findUserById", fetchType = FetchType.EAGER)),

    })
    List<Account> findAllAccount();
}

2.2.3 测试一对一关联及延迟加载

package com.llb.test;
/**
 * Ceate By llb on 2019/8/9
 */
public class AccountCRUD {

    InputStream in ;
    SqlSessionFactory factory;
    SqlSession sqlSession;
    AccountMapper mapper;

    @Before
    public void init() throws IOException {
        in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
        sqlSession = factory.openSession();
        mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountMapper.class);
    }

    @After
    public void destroy() throws IOException {
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
        in.close();
    }

    /**
     * 查询账户所对应的用户
     */
    @Test
    public void findAllAccount(){
        List<Account> accounts = mapper.findAllAccount();
        for (Account account: accounts) {
            System.out.println(account);
        }
    }
}

3. 使用注解实现一对多复杂关系映射

需求:查询用户信息时,也要查询他的账户列表。使用注解方式实现。
分析:一个用户具有多个账户信息,所以形成了用户(User)与账户(Account)之间的一对多关系。

3.1 User实体类加入List

package com.llb.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Ceate By llb on 2019/8/9
 */
public class User implements Serializable {

    private Integer userId;
    private String userName;
    private String userAddress;
    private String userSex;
    private Date userBirthday;
  //一对多关系映射:主表方法应该包含一个从表方的集合引用
private List<Account> accounts;

}

3.2 编写用户的持久层接口并使用注解配置

package com.llb.dao;

import com.llb.domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.FetchType;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 针对crud有四个注解
 * @Select, @Insert, @Update, @Delete
 * Ceate By llb on 2019/8/9
 */

//开启二级缓存
@CacheNamespace(blocking = true)
public interface UserMapper {

    /**
     * 查询所有用户
     * @return
     */
    @Select("select * from user")
    @Results(id = "userMap", value ={
            @Result(column = "id", property = "userId"),
            @Result(column = "username", property = "userName"),
            @Result(column = "sex", property = "userSex"),
            @Result(column = "birthday", property = "userBirthday"),
            @Result(column = "address", property = "userAddress"),
            @Result(column = "id", property = "accounts",
            many = @Many(select = "com.llb.dao.AccountMapper.findAccountByUid", fetchType = FetchType.LAZY)
            )
    })
    List<User> findAll();

    /**
     * 根据id查询用户
     */
    @Select("select * from user where id = #{id}")
    @ResultMap(value = {"userMap"})
    User findUserById(Integer id);

    /**
     * 根据姓名模糊查询
     */
//    @Select("select * from user where username like #{username}")
    @Select("select * from user where username like '%${value}%'")
    List<User> findUserByUsername(String username);

}

3.3 编写账户的持久层接口并使用注解配置

package com.llb.dao;

import com.llb.domain.Account;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.One;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Result;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Results;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.FetchType;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Ceate By llb on 2019/8/7
 */
public interface AccountMapper {
/**
     * 根据用户id查询账户
     * @return
     */
    @Select("select * from account where uid = #{uid}")
    List<Account> findAccountByUid(Integer uid);

}
  3.4 添加测试方法
  

package com.llb.test;


/**
 * Ceate By llb on 2019/8/9
 */
public class AnnotationCRUD {

    InputStream in ;
    SqlSessionFactory factory;
    SqlSession sqlSession;
    UserMapper mapper;

    @Before
    public void init() throws IOException {
        in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
        sqlSession = factory.openSession();
        mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
    }

    @After
    public void destroy() throws IOException {
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
        in.close();
    }

    /**
     * 查询所有
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindAll(){
        List<User> users = mapper.findAll();
        for (User user:users) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }

}
 

源码地址:github

4. 注解实现延迟加载:https://www.cnblogs.com/liulebin/p/11342087.html