欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页  >  IT编程

爬取汽车之家所有汽车参数配置

程序员文章站 2022-07-07 20:09:10
效果预览汽车之家参数配置的页面无法右键查看网页源代码,不太好爬取,网上相关教程方法比较复杂,这里采用了两步走的爬取方法。即先获取所有车型的网页,再分别解析,逐步拆解。代码实现第一步,导入相关库import bs4import requests as reqimport reimport jsonimport csv第二步,下载出所有车型的网页def mainMethod(): li = [chr(i) for i in range(ord("A"), ord("Z")...

效果预览

汽车之家参数配置的页面无法右键查看网页源代码,不太好爬取,网上相关教程方法比较复杂,这里采用了两步走的爬取方法。即先获取所有车型的网页,再分别解析,逐步拆解。
爬取汽车之家所有汽车参数配置
爬取汽车之家所有汽车参数配置
爬取汽车之家所有汽车参数配置
爬取汽车之家所有汽车参数配置

代码实现

第一步,导入相关库

import bs4
import requests as req
import re
import json
import csv

第二步,下载出所有车型的网页

def mainMethod():
    li = [chr(i) for i in range(ord("A"), ord("Z") + 1)]
    firstSite = "https://www.autohome.com.cn/grade/carhtml/"
    firstSiteSurfixe = ".html"
    secondSite = "https://car.autohome.com.cn/config/series/"
    secondSiteSurfixe = ".html"
    for a in li:
        print(a)
        if a is not None:
            requestUrl = firstSite + a + firstSiteSurfixe
            print(requestUrl)
            # 开始获取每个品牌的车型
            resp = req.get(requestUrl)
            # print(str(resp.content,"gbk"))
            bs = bs4.BeautifulSoup(str(resp.content, "gbk"), "html.parser")
            bss = bs.find_all("li")
            co = 0
            for b in bss:
                d = b.h4
                if d is not None:
                    her = str(d.a.attrs['href'])
                    her = her.split("#")[0]
                    her = her[her.index(".cn") + 3:].replace("/", '')
                    if her is not None:
                        secSite = secondSite + her + secondSiteSurfixe
                        car_name = d.a.get_text()
                        print(car_name)
                        print("secSite=" + secSite)
                        resp = req.get(secSite)
                        text = str(resp.content, encoding="utf-8")
                        fil = open("E:\\py_shiyan\\Pycharm备份\\搜狐汽车销量采集\\car\\" + str(her) + ".txt", "a",
                                   encoding="utf-8")
                        fil.write(text)
                        GetParser(car_name,her)
                    co = (co + 1)
            else:
                print(con)

第三步,解析单款车型,并构建循环

def GetParser(car_name,her):
    f=open("E:\\py_shiyan\\Pycharm备份\\搜狐汽车销量采集\\car\\" +str(her) + ".txt",'r',encoding='utf-8')
    ts=f.read()
    data=re.findall('var\sconfig\s=(.*?)time',ts,re.S)
    try:
        data=data[0][:-2]+"}"
        json_data=json.loads(data)
        limit = len(json_data['result']['paramtypeitems'][0]['paramitems'][0]['valueitems'])
        print(limit)
        for z in range(limit):
            print(f'======================第{z+1}系列:')
            list=[car_name]
            for a in json_data['result']['paramtypeitems']:
                for b in a['paramitems']:
                    list.append(b['valueitems'][z]['value'])
            print(list)
            writer.writerow(list)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f'{car_name}暂无相关数据')

if __name__ == "__main__":
    f = open('cars.csv', mode='a', newline='')
    writer = csv.writer(f, delimiter=',')
    #title.csv文件为只含有各列标题的表头,可通过代码生成,再手工调整,具体代码见后面附录
    f2 = open('title.csv', mode='r', newline='')
    reader = csv.reader(f2)
    for row in reader:
        print(row)
        writer.writerow(row)
        mainMethod()

以上,即大体流程,得到的数据还需要进行清洗,仅供参考。

附录代码,附上解析推演过程:

import re
import json
import csv

f=open("E:\\py_shiyan\\Pycharm备份\\搜狐汽车销量采集\\car\\2951.txt",'r',encoding='utf-8')
ts=f.read()
# print(ts)
data=re.findall('var\sconfig\s=(.*?)time',ts,re.S)
data=data[0][:-2]+"}"
json_data=json.loads(data)
# print(json_data)


# for x in json_data['result']['paramtypeitems']:
#     print(x)
# print(json_data['result']['paramtypeitems'][1])
# for x in json_data['result']['paramtypeitems'][1]['paramitems']:
#     print(x)
#长宽高轴距
#长
# print(json_data['result']['paramtypeitems'][1]['paramitems'][0])
# for x in json_data['result']['paramtypeitems'][1]['paramitems'][0]['valueitems']:
#     print(x['value'])


# print(json_data['result']['paramtypeitems'][0])
# for x in json_data['result']['paramtypeitems'][0]['paramitems'][0]['valueitems']:
#     print(x['value'])


# for a in json_data['result']['paramtypeitems']:
#     print(a['name'])
#     for b in a['paramitems']:
#         print(b['name'])
#         print(b['valueitems'])
#         print(len(b['valueitems']))
        # for c in b['valueitems']:
        #     print(c['value'])


limit=len(json_data['result']['paramtypeitems'][0]['paramitems'][0]['valueitems'])
print(limit)
for z in range(limit):
    print(f'======================第{z+1}系列:')
    name=[]
    list=[]
    for a in json_data['result']['paramtypeitems']:
        # print(a['name'])
        for b in a['paramitems']:
            # print(b['name'],"——",b['valueitems'][z]['value'])
            name.append(b['name'])
            list.append(b['valueitems'][z]['value'])
            # for c in b['valueitems']:
            #     print(c['value'])
    print(name)
    print(list)
    with open('cars.csv',mode='a',newline='') as f:
        writer = csv.writer(f, delimiter=',')
        writer.writerow(name)
        writer.writerow(list)

本文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43636302/article/details/107188548