java高并发之线程组详解
线程组
我们可以把线程归属到某个线程组中,线程组可以包含多个线程以及线程组,线程和线程组组成了父子关系,是个树形结构,如下图:
使用线程组可以方便管理线程,线程组提供了一些方法方便方便我们管理线程。
创建线程关联线程组
创建线程的时候,可以给线程指定一个线程组,代码如下:
package com.itsoku.chat02; import java.util.concurrent.timeunit; /** * <b>description</b>:<br> * <b>time</b>:2019/7/13 17:53 <br> * <b>author</b>:微信公众号:路人甲java,专注于java技术分享(带你玩转 爬虫、分布式事务、异步消息服务、任务调度、分库分表、大数据等),喜欢请关注! */ public class demo1 { public static class r1 implements runnable { @override public void run() { system.out.println("threadname:" + thread.currentthread().getname()); try { timeunit.seconds.sleep(3); } catch (interruptedexception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } } } public static void main(string[] args) throws interruptedexception { threadgroup threadgroup = new threadgroup("thread-group-1"); thread t1 = new thread(threadgroup, new r1(), "t1"); thread t2 = new thread(threadgroup, new r1(), "t2"); t1.start(); t2.start(); timeunit.seconds.sleep(1); system.out.println("活动线程数:" + threadgroup.activecount()); system.out.println("活动线程组:" + threadgroup.activegroupcount()); system.out.println("线程组名称:" + threadgroup.getname()); } }
输出结果:
threadname:t1
threadname:t2
活动线程数:2
活动线程组:0
线程组名称:thread-group-1
activecount()方法可以返回线程组中的所有活动线程数,包含下面的所有子孙节点的线程,由于线程组中的线程是动态变化的,这个值只能是一个估算值。
为线程组指定父线程组
创建线程组的时候,可以给其指定一个父线程组,也可以不指定,如果不指定父线程组,则父线程组为当前线程的线程组,java api有2个常用的构造方法用来创建线程组:
public threadgroup(string name) public threadgroup(threadgroup parent, string name)
第一个构造方法未指定父线程组,看一下内部的实现:
public threadgroup(string name) { this(thread.currentthread().getthreadgroup(), name); }
系统自动获取当前线程的线程组作为默认父线程组。
上一段示例代码:
package com.itsoku.chat02; import java.util.concurrent.timeunit; /** * <b>description</b>:<br> * <b>time</b>:2019/7/13 17:53 <br> * <b>author</b>:微信公众号:路人甲java,专注于java技术分享(带你玩转 爬虫、分布式事务、异步消息服务、任务调度、分库分表、大数据等),喜欢请关注! */ public class demo2 { public static class r1 implements runnable { @override public void run() { thread thread = thread.currentthread(); system.out.println("所属线程组:" + thread.getthreadgroup().getname() + ",线程名称:" + thread.getname()); try { timeunit.seconds.sleep(3); } catch (interruptedexception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } } } public static void main(string[] args) throws interruptedexception { threadgroup threadgroup1 = new threadgroup("thread-group-1"); thread t1 = new thread(threadgroup1, new r1(), "t1"); thread t2 = new thread(threadgroup1, new r1(), "t2"); t1.start(); t2.start(); timeunit.seconds.sleep(1); system.out.println("threadgroup1活动线程数:" + threadgroup1.activecount()); system.out.println("threadgroup1活动线程组:" + threadgroup1.activegroupcount()); system.out.println("threadgroup1线程组名称:" + threadgroup1.getname()); system.out.println("threadgroup1父线程组名称:" + threadgroup1.getparent().getname()); system.out.println("----------------------"); threadgroup threadgroup2 = new threadgroup(threadgroup1, "thread-group-2"); thread t3 = new thread(threadgroup2, new r1(), "t3"); thread t4 = new thread(threadgroup2, new r1(), "t4"); t3.start(); t4.start(); timeunit.seconds.sleep(1); system.out.println("threadgroup2活动线程数:" + threadgroup2.activecount()); system.out.println("threadgroup2活动线程组:" + threadgroup2.activegroupcount()); system.out.println("threadgroup2线程组名称:" + threadgroup2.getname()); system.out.println("threadgroup2父线程组名称:" + threadgroup2.getparent().getname()); system.out.println("----------------------"); system.out.println("threadgroup1活动线程数:" + threadgroup1.activecount()); system.out.println("threadgroup1活动线程组:" + threadgroup1.activegroupcount()); system.out.println("----------------------"); threadgroup1.list(); } }
输出结果:
所属线程组:thread-group-1,线程名称:t1
所属线程组:thread-group-1,线程名称:t2
threadgroup1活动线程数:2
threadgroup1活动线程组:0
threadgroup1线程组名称:thread-group-1
threadgroup1父线程组名称:main
----------------------
所属线程组:thread-group-2,线程名称:t4
所属线程组:thread-group-2,线程名称:t3
threadgroup2活动线程数:2
threadgroup2活动线程组:0
threadgroup2线程组名称:thread-group-2
threadgroup2父线程组名称:thread-group-1
----------------------
threadgroup1活动线程数:4
threadgroup1活动线程组:1
----------------------
java.lang.threadgroup[name=thread-group-1,maxpri=10]
thread[t1,5,thread-group-1]
thread[t2,5,thread-group-1]
java.lang.threadgroup[name=thread-group-2,maxpri=10]
thread[t3,5,thread-group-2]
thread[t4,5,thread-group-2]
代码解释:
1.threadgroup1
未指定父线程组,系统获取了主线程的线程组作为threadgroup1的父线程组,输出结果中是:main
2.threadgroup1
为threadgroup2的父线程组
3.threadgroup1
活动线程数为4,包含了threadgroup1线程组中的t1、t2,以及子线程组threadgroup2中的t3、t4
4.线程组的list()方法,将线程组中的所有子孙节点信息输出到控制台,用于调试使用
根线程组
获取根线程组
package com.itsoku.chat02; /** * <b>description</b>:<br> * <b>time</b>:2019/7/13 17:53 <br> * <b>author</b>:微信公众号:路人甲java,专注于java技术分享(带你玩转 爬虫、分布式事务、异步消息服务、任务调度、分库分表、大数据等),喜欢请关注! */ public class demo3 { public static void main(string[] args) { system.out.println(thread.currentthread()); system.out.println(thread.currentthread().getthreadgroup()); system.out.println(thread.currentthread().getthreadgroup().getparent()); system.out.println(thread.currentthread().getthreadgroup().getparent().getparent()); } }
运行上面代码,输出:
thread[main,5,main]
java.lang.threadgroup[name=main,maxpri=10]
java.lang.threadgroup[name=system,maxpri=10]
null
从上面代码可以看出:
1.主线程的线程组为main
2.根线程组为system
看一下threadgroup的源码:
private threadgroup() { // called from c code this.name = "system"; this.maxpriority = thread.max_priority; this.parent = null; }
发现threadgroup默认构造方法是private的,是由c调用的,创建的正是system线程组。
批量停止线程
调用线程组interrupt(),会将线程组树下的所有子孙线程中断标志置为true,可以用来批量中断线程。
示例代码:
package com.itsoku.chat02; import java.util.concurrent.timeunit; /** * <b>description</b>:<br> * <b>time</b>:2019/7/13 17:53 <br> * <b>author</b>:微信公众号:路人甲java,专注于java技术分享(带你玩转 爬虫、分布式事务、异步消息服务、任务调度、分库分表、大数据等),喜欢请关注! */ public class demo4 { public static class r1 implements runnable { @override public void run() { thread thread = thread.currentthread(); system.out.println("所属线程组:" + thread.getthreadgroup().getname() + ",线程名称:" + thread.getname()); while (!thread.isinterrupted()) { ; } system.out.println("线程:" + thread.getname() + "停止了!"); } } public static void main(string[] args) throws interruptedexception { threadgroup threadgroup1 = new threadgroup("thread-group-1"); thread t1 = new thread(threadgroup1, new r1(), "t1"); thread t2 = new thread(threadgroup1, new r1(), "t2"); t1.start(); t2.start(); threadgroup threadgroup2 = new threadgroup(threadgroup1, "thread-group-2"); thread t3 = new thread(threadgroup2, new r1(), "t3"); thread t4 = new thread(threadgroup2, new r1(), "t4"); t3.start(); t4.start(); timeunit.seconds.sleep(1); system.out.println("-----------threadgroup1信息-----------"); threadgroup1.list(); system.out.println("----------------------"); system.out.println("停止线程组:" + threadgroup1.getname() + "中的所有子孙线程"); threadgroup1.interrupt(); timeunit.seconds.sleep(2); system.out.println("----------threadgroup1停止后,输出信息------------"); threadgroup1.list(); } }
输出:
所属线程组:thread-group-1,线程名称:t1
所属线程组:thread-group-1,线程名称:t2
所属线程组:thread-group-2,线程名称:t3
所属线程组:thread-group-2,线程名称:t4
-----------threadgroup1信息-----------
java.lang.threadgroup[name=thread-group-1,maxpri=10]
thread[t1,5,thread-group-1]
thread[t2,5,thread-group-1]
java.lang.threadgroup[name=thread-group-2,maxpri=10]
thread[t3,5,thread-group-2]
thread[t4,5,thread-group-2]
----------------------
停止线程组:thread-group-1中的所有子孙线程
线程:t4停止了!
线程:t2停止了!
线程:t1停止了!
线程:t3停止了!
----------threadgroup1停止后,输出信息------------
java.lang.threadgroup[name=thread-group-1,maxpri=10]
java.lang.threadgroup[name=thread-group-2,maxpri=10]
停止线程之后,通过list()方法可以看出输出的信息中不包含已结束的线程了。
总结
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