CentOS7+mysql5.6配置主从
一、安装环境
操作系统:CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1611.iso 数据库版本:mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 数据库地址: 192.168.2.1(主) 192.168.2.2(从)
MySQL在5.6之前和之后的安装方式是不一样的。
自己整理的mysql安装,主从配置基于这篇安装:http://www.cnblogs.com/cypress/p/8608496.html
首先保证3306端口的可用,或者关闭防火墙,两台机子可以互相ping
二、Master的配置
1.修改MySQL配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
文件内容
[mysqld] #开启二进制日志 log-bin=mysql-bin #标识唯一id(必须),一般使用ip最后位 server-id=2 #不同步的数据库,可设置多个 binlog-ignore-db=information_schema binlog-ignore-db=cluster binlog-ignore-db=mysql #指定需要同步的数据库(和slave是相互匹配的),可以设置多个 binlog-do-db=test
2.重启MySQL
service mysqld restart
3.进去mysql设置允许从库获得主库日志 注:这里使用root用户配置,不建议使用
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
#给从库放权限 mysql>GRANT FILE ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.2.2' IDENTIFIED BY 'root password';
mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.2.2' IDENTIFIED BY 'root password';
mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
4.重启MySQL,登录MySQL,查看主库信息
mysql> show master status;
显示内容
+------------------+----------+--------------+----------------------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+----------------------------------+-------------------+ | mysql-bin.000006 | 120 | ufind_db | information_schema,cluster,mysql | | +------------------+----------+--------------+----------------------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
注:如果执行这个步骤始终为Empty set(0.00 sec)
,那说明前面的my.cnf没配置对
三、Slave的配置
1.从库配置
#开启二进制日志(可以不配置)
log-bin=mysql-bin server-id=3 binlog-ignore-db=information_schema binlog-ignore-db=cluster binlog-ignore-db=mysql
#与主库配置一直 replicate-do-db=test replicate-ignore-db=mysql log-slave-updates slave-skip-errors=all slave-net-timeout=60
创建数据库: 在从库中创建一个和主库相同的数据库,不然两个数据库不能同步
(如果一个数据库有很多表和数据,进行主从连接,应该是要手动进行数据的导入)要找答案:https://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/6256603.html
CREATE DATABASE test CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
4.重启MySQL,登录MySQL
#关闭Slave mysql> stop slave;
#设置连接主库信息 mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.2.1',master_user='root',master_password='root password',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000006', master_log_pos=120; #开启Slave mysql> start slave;
注:上面的master_log_file是在配置Master的时候的File字段, master_log_pos是在配置Master的Position 字段。一定要一一对应
5.查看信息
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.2.1 Master_User: root Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120 Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000006 Relay_Log_Pos: 520 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006 Slave_IO_Running: Yes //显示yes为成功 Slave_SQL_Running: Yes //显示yes为成功,如果为no,一般为没有启动master Replicate_Do_DB: test Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
//上面的都是配置文件中的信息 Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 357 Relay_Log_Space: 697 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: //如果为no,此处会显示错误信息 Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 2 Master_UUID: be0a41c0-2b40-11e8-b791-000c29267b6a Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql/data/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified
注:如果Slave_IO_Running: No 出现下面的错误
Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server UUIDs; these UUIDs must be different for replication to work.
说明主服务器的UUID和从服务器的UUID重复,更改方式
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql/data/auto.cnf #这是我的安装路径修改auto.cnf的server-uuid
以上主从MySQL已经可以使用了,欢迎各位多提bug
部分内容,测试方式可以参考转载地址:http://blog.csdn.net/u010870518/article/details/51331244
小扩展
当只针对某些库的某张表进行同步时,如下,只同步huanqiu库的haha表和huanpc库的heihei表: replicate-do-db = huanqiu replicate-wild-do-table = huanqiu.haha //当只同步几个或少数表时,可以这样设置。注意这要跟上面的库指定配合使用; replicate-do-db = huanpc replicate-wild-do-table = huanpc.heihei //如果同步的库的表比较多时,就不能这样一一指定了,就把这个选项配置去掉,直接根据指定的库进行同步。
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