Android的AlertDialog详解

alertdialog的构造方法全部是protected的，所以不能直接通过new一个alertdialog来创建出一个alertdialog。
要创建一个alertdialog，就要用到alertdialog.builder中的create()方法。
使用alertdialog.builder创建对话框需要了解以下几个方法：
settitle ：为对话框设置标题
seticon ：为对话框设置图标
setmessage：为对话框设置内容
setview ： 给对话框设置自定义样式
setitems ：设置对话框要显示的一个list，一般用于显示几个命令时
setmultichoiceitems ：用来设置对话框显示一系列的复选框
setneutralbutton    ：普通按钮
setpositivebutton   ：给对话框添加"yes"按钮
setnegativebutton ：对话框添加"no"按钮
create ： 创建对话框
show ：显示对话框
一、简单的alertdialog
下面，创建一个简单的alertdialog并显示它：

[java]  package com.tianjf; 
 
import android.app.activity; 
import android.app.alertdialog; 
import android.app.dialog; 
import android.os.bundle; 
 
public class dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity extends activity { 
    /** called when the activity is first created. */ 
    @override 
    public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { 
        super.oncreate(savedinstancestate); 
        setcontentview(r.layout.main); 
 
        dialog alertdialog = new alertdialog.builder(this). 
                settitle("对话框的标题"). 
                setmessage("对话框的内容"). 
                seticon(r.drawable.ic_launcher). 
                create(); 
        alertdialog.show(); 
    } 
} 
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.activity;
import android.app.alertdialog;
import android.app.dialog;
import android.os.bundle;
public class dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity extends activity {
 /** called when the activity is first created. */
 @override
 public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
  super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
  setcontentview(r.layout.main);
  dialog alertdialog = new alertdialog.builder(this).
    settitle("对话框的标题").
    setmessage("对话框的内容").
    seticon(r.drawable.ic_launcher).
    create();
  alertdialog.show();
 }
}运行结果如下：
 
 

二、带按钮的alertdialog
上面的例子很简单，下面我们在这个alertdialog上面加几个button，实现删除操作的提示对话框

[java] package com.tianjf; 
 
import android.app.activity; 
import android.app.alertdialog; 
import android.app.dialog; 
import android.content.dialoginterface; 
import android.os.bundle; 
 
public class dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity extends activity { 
    /** called when the activity is first created. */ 
    @override 
    public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { 
        super.oncreate(savedinstancestate); 
        setcontentview(r.layout.main); 
 
        dialog alertdialog = new alertdialog.builder(this). 
                settitle("确定删除？"). 
                setmessage("您确定删除该条信息吗？"). 
                seticon(r.drawable.ic_launcher). 
                setpositivebutton("确定", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() { 
                     
                    @override 
                    public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // todo auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                setnegativebutton("取消", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() { 
                     
                    @override 
                    public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // todo auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                setneutralbutton("查看详情", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() { 
                     
                    @override 
                    public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // todo auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                create(); 
        alertdialog.show(); 
    } 
} 
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.activity;
import android.app.alertdialog;
import android.app.dialog;
import android.content.dialoginterface;
import android.os.bundle;
public class dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity extends activity {
 /** called when the activity is first created. */
 @override
 public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
  super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
  setcontentview(r.layout.main);
  dialog alertdialog = new alertdialog.builder(this).
    settitle("确定删除？").
    setmessage("您确定删除该条信息吗？").
    seticon(r.drawable.ic_launcher).
    setpositivebutton("确定", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() {
     
     @override
     public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) {
      // todo auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    setnegativebutton("取消", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() {
     
     @override
     public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) {
      // todo auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    setneutralbutton("查看详情", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() {
     
     @override
     public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) {
      // todo auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertdialog.show();
 }
}在这个例子中，我们定义了三个按钮，分别是"yes"按钮，"no"按钮以及一个普通按钮，每个按钮都有onclick事件，todo的地方可以放点了按钮之后想要做的一些处理
看一下运行结果：
 

可以看到三个按钮添加到了alertdialog上，三个没有添加事件处理的按钮，点了只是关闭对话框，没有任何其他操作。
 
 
 
三、类似listview的alertdialog
用setitems(charsequence[] items, final onclicklistener listener)方法来实现类似listview的alertdialog
第一个参数是要显示的数据的数组，第二个参数是点击某个item的触发事件

[java] package com.tianjf; 
 
import android.app.activity; 
import android.app.alertdialog; 
import android.app.dialog; 
import android.content.dialoginterface; 
import android.os.bundle; 
import android.widget.toast; 
 
public class dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity extends activity { 
    /** called when the activity is first created. */ 
    @override 
    public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { 
        super.oncreate(savedinstancestate); 
        setcontentview(r.layout.main); 
 
        final string[] arrayfruit = new string[] { "苹果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" }; 
 
        dialog alertdialog = new alertdialog.builder(this). 
                settitle("你喜欢吃哪种水果？"). 
                seticon(r.drawable.ic_launcher) 
                .setitems(arrayfruit, new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() { 
  
                    @override 
                    public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) { 
                        toast.maketext(dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity.this, arrayfruit[which], toast.length_short).show(); 
                    } 
                }). 
                setnegativebutton("取消", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() { 
 
                    @override 
                    public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // todo auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                create(); 
        alertdialog.show(); 
    } 
} 
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.activity;
import android.app.alertdialog;
import android.app.dialog;
import android.content.dialoginterface;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.widget.toast;
public class dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity extends activity {
 /** called when the activity is first created. */
 @override
 public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
  super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
  setcontentview(r.layout.main);
  final string[] arrayfruit = new string[] { "苹果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };
  dialog alertdialog = new alertdialog.builder(this).
    settitle("你喜欢吃哪种水果？").
    seticon(r.drawable.ic_launcher)
    .setitems(arrayfruit, new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() {
 
     @override
     public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) {
      toast.maketext(dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity.this, arrayfruit[which], toast.length_short).show();
     }
    }).
    setnegativebutton("取消", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() {
     @override
     public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) {
      // todo auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertdialog.show();
 }
}运行结果如下：
 
 
 
 
四、类似radiobutton的alertdialog
用setsinglechoiceitems(charsequence[] items, int checkeditem, final onclicklistener listener)方法来实现类似radiobutton的alertdialog
第一个参数是要显示的数据的数组，第二个参数是初始值（初始被选中的item），第三个参数是点击某个item的触发事件
在这个例子里面我们设了一个selectedfruitindex用来记住选中的item的index

[java] package com.tianjf; 
 
import android.app.activity; 
import android.app.alertdialog; 
import android.app.dialog; 
import android.content.dialoginterface; 
import android.os.bundle; 
import android.widget.toast; 
 
public class dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity extends activity { 
     
    private int selectedfruitindex = 0; 
     
    /** called when the activity is first created. */ 
    @override 
    public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { 
        super.oncreate(savedinstancestate); 
        setcontentview(r.layout.main); 
 
        final string[] arrayfruit = new string[] { "苹果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" }; 
 
        dialog alertdialog = new alertdialog.builder(this). 
                settitle("你喜欢吃哪种水果？"). 
                seticon(r.drawable.ic_launcher) 
                .setsinglechoiceitems(arrayfruit, 0, new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() { 
  
                    @override 
                    public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) { 
                        selectedfruitindex = which; 
                    } 
                }). 
                setpositivebutton("确认", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() { 
 
                    @override 
                    public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) { 
                        toast.maketext(dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity.this, arrayfruit[selectedfruitindex], toast.length_short).show(); 
                    } 
                }). 
                setnegativebutton("取消", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() { 
 
                    @override 
                    public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // todo auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                create(); 
        alertdialog.show(); 
    } 
} 
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.activity;
import android.app.alertdialog;
import android.app.dialog;
import android.content.dialoginterface;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.widget.toast;
public class dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity extends activity {
 
 private int selectedfruitindex = 0;
 
 /** called when the activity is first created. */
 @override
 public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
  super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
  setcontentview(r.layout.main);
  final string[] arrayfruit = new string[] { "苹果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };
  dialog alertdialog = new alertdialog.builder(this).
    settitle("你喜欢吃哪种水果？").
    seticon(r.drawable.ic_launcher)
    .setsinglechoiceitems(arrayfruit, 0, new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() {
 
     @override
     public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) {
      selectedfruitindex = which;
     }
    }).
    setpositivebutton("确认", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() {
     @override
     public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) {
      toast.maketext(dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity.this, arrayfruit[selectedfruitindex], toast.length_short).show();
     }
    }).
    setnegativebutton("取消", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() {
     @override
     public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) {
      // todo auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertdialog.show();
 }
}
运行结果如下：
 
 

五、类似checkbox的alertdialog
用setmultichoiceitems(charsequence[] items, boolean[] checkeditems, final onmultichoiceclicklistener listener)方法来实现类似checkbox的alertdialog
第一个参数是要显示的数据的数组，第二个参数是选中状态的数组，第三个参数是点击某个item的触发事件

[java] package com.tianjf; 
 
import android.app.activity; 
import android.app.alertdialog; 
import android.app.dialog; 
import android.content.dialoginterface; 
import android.os.bundle; 
import android.widget.toast; 
 
public class dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity extends activity { 
    /** called when the activity is first created. */ 
    @override 
    public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { 
        super.oncreate(savedinstancestate); 
        setcontentview(r.layout.main); 
 
        final string[] arrayfruit = new string[] { "苹果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" }; 
        final boolean[] arrayfruitselected = new boolean[] {true, true, false, false}; 
 
        dialog alertdialog = new alertdialog.builder(this). 
                settitle("你喜欢吃哪种水果？"). 
                seticon(r.drawable.ic_launcher) 
                .setmultichoiceitems(arrayfruit, arrayfruitselected, new dialoginterface.onmultichoiceclicklistener() { 
                     
                    @override 
                    public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which, boolean ischecked) { 
                        arrayfruitselected[which] = ischecked; 
                    } 
                }). 
                setpositivebutton("确认", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() { 
 
                    @override 
                    public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) { 
                        stringbuilder stringbuilder = new stringbuilder(); 
                        for (int i = 0; i < arrayfruitselected.length; i++) { 
                            if (arrayfruitselected[i] == true) 
                            { 
                                stringbuilder.append(arrayfruit[i] + "、"); 
                            } 
                        } 
                        toast.maketext(dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity.this, stringbuilder.tostring(), toast.length_short).show(); 
                    } 
                }). 
                setnegativebutton("取消", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() { 
 
                    @override 
                    public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // todo auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                create(); 
        alertdialog.show(); 
    } 
} 
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.activity;
import android.app.alertdialog;
import android.app.dialog;
import android.content.dialoginterface;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.widget.toast;
public class dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity extends activity {
 /** called when the activity is first created. */
 @override
 public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
  super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
  setcontentview(r.layout.main);
  final string[] arrayfruit = new string[] { "苹果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };
  final boolean[] arrayfruitselected = new boolean[] {true, true, false, false};
  dialog alertdialog = new alertdialog.builder(this).
    settitle("你喜欢吃哪种水果？").
    seticon(r.drawable.ic_launcher)
    .setmultichoiceitems(arrayfruit, arrayfruitselected, new dialoginterface.onmultichoiceclicklistener() {
     
     @override
     public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which, boolean ischecked) {
      arrayfruitselected[which] = ischecked;
     }
    }).
    setpositivebutton("确认", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() {
     @override
     public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) {
      stringbuilder stringbuilder = new stringbuilder();
      for (int i = 0; i < arrayfruitselected.length; i++) {
       if (arrayfruitselected[i] == true)
       {
        stringbuilder.append(arrayfruit[i] + "、");
       }
      }
      toast.maketext(dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity.this, stringbuilder.tostring(), toast.length_short).show();
     }
    }).
    setnegativebutton("取消", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() {
     @override
     public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) {
      // todo auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertdialog.show();
 }
}运行结果如下：
 
 
 
六、自定义view的alertdialog
有时候我们不能满足系统自带的alertdialog风格，就比如说我们要实现一个login画面，有用户名和密码，这时我们就要用到自定义view的alertdialog
先创建login画面的布局文件
[html] <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="fill_parent" 
    android:orientation="vertical" > 
 
    <linearlayout 
        android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
        android:gravity="center" > 
 
        <textview 
            android:layout_width="0dip" 
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            android:layout_weight="1" 
            android:text="@string/user" /> 
 
        <edittext 
            android:layout_width="0dip" 
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            android:layout_weight="1" /> 
    </linearlayout> 
 
    <linearlayout 
        android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
        android:gravity="center" > 
 
        <textview 
            android:layout_width="0dip" 
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            android:layout_weight="1" 
            android:text="@string/passward" /> 
 
        <edittext 
            android:layout_width="0dip" 
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            android:layout_weight="1" /> 
    </linearlayout> 
 
</linearlayout> 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    <linearlayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center" >
        <textview
            android:layout_width="0dip"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="@string/user" />
        <edittext
            android:layout_width="0dip"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1" />
    </linearlayout>
    <linearlayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center" >
        <textview
            android:layout_width="0dip"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="@string/passward" />
        <edittext
            android:layout_width="0dip"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1" />
    </linearlayout>
</linearlayout>
然后在activity里面把login画面的布局文件添加到alertdialog上
[java] package com.tianjf; 
 
import android.app.activity; 
import android.app.alertdialog; 
import android.app.dialog; 
import android.content.dialoginterface; 
import android.os.bundle; 
import android.view.layoutinflater; 
import android.view.view; 
 
public class dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity extends activity { 
    /** called when the activity is first created. */ 
    @override 
    public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { 
        super.oncreate(savedinstancestate); 
        setcontentview(r.layout.main); 
 
        // 取得自定义view  
        layoutinflater layoutinflater = layoutinflater.from(this); 
        view myloginview = layoutinflater.inflate(r.layout.login, null); 
         
        dialog alertdialog = new alertdialog.builder(this). 
                settitle("用户登录"). 
                seticon(r.drawable.ic_launcher). 
                setview(myloginview). 
                setpositivebutton("登录", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() { 
 
                    @override 
                    public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // todo auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                setnegativebutton("取消", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() { 
 
                    @override 
                    public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) { 
                        // todo auto-generated method stub  
                    } 
                }). 
                create(); 
        alertdialog.show(); 
    } 
} 
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.activity;
import android.app.alertdialog;
import android.app.dialog;
import android.content.dialoginterface;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.layoutinflater;
import android.view.view;
public class dialog_alertdialogdemoactivity extends activity {
 /** called when the activity is first created. */
 @override
 public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
  super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
  setcontentview(r.layout.main);
  // 取得自定义view
  layoutinflater layoutinflater = layoutinflater.from(this);
  view myloginview = layoutinflater.inflate(r.layout.login, null);
  
  dialog alertdialog = new alertdialog.builder(this).
    settitle("用户登录").
    seticon(r.drawable.ic_launcher).
    setview(myloginview).
    setpositivebutton("登录", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() {
     @override
     public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) {
      // todo auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    setnegativebutton("取消", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener() {
     @override
     public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which) {
      // todo auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertdialog.show();
 }
}运行结果如下：
 
摘自 殇雲的专栏