基于Html5 canvas实现裁剪图片和马赛克功能及又拍云上传图片 功能
1.核心功能
此组件功能包含:
图片裁剪(裁剪框拖动,裁剪框改变大小);
图片马赛克(绘制马赛克,清除马赛克);
图片预览、图片还原(返回原图、返回处理图);
图片上传(获取签名、上传图片)。
2.核心逻辑
2.1图片裁剪
获取裁剪框(矩形)相对于画布的位置(左上)和裁剪框的height、width。获取(getimagedata)canvas相应位置的图片对象(imagedata)。清空canvas画布。在canvas画布的相应位置绘制(putimagedata)获取的图片对象(imagedata)。生成预览图。
2.2图片马赛克
马赛克的绘制,就是在以鼠标划过路径(画笔宽度)为中心的区域,重新绘制成其他的颜色。一般结果是,会取周围的相近的颜色。
取色方法:
1)比如现有一鼠标划过的点的坐标(x,y),定义一个矩形左上角坐标取(x,y),宽30px,高30px。我们把矩形宽高都除以5(分成5份,可以自定义为n份),所以现在是25个6px的小格子。每个小格子宽高都是6px。
2)然后,我们随机获取一个小格子,获取(getimagedata)这个小格子的图片对象(imagedata);再随机获取此图片对象上某个像素点(宽1px,高1px)的颜色color(rgba:imagedata.data[0],imagedata.data[1],imagedata.data[2],imagedata.data[3]);最后我们把第一个6x6px的小格子的每个像素点的颜色都设置为color。
3)其他24个小格子的颜色,遍历2步骤即可。
2.3清除马赛克
我们需要理解一个问题,不管是绘制马赛克,还是清除马赛克,其本质都是在绘制图片。我们在某个位置绘制了马赛克,清除的时候,就是把原图在当前位置的图片对象再画出来。就达到了清除的效果。所以,我们需要备份一个canvas,和原图一模一样,清除的时候,需要获取备份画布上对应位置的图像,绘制到马赛克的位置。
2.4图片预览
图片预览就是获取裁剪框的区域,获取区域内的图片对象。再绘制到画布上。
2.5图片还原至原图
清空画布,再次绘制原图
2.6还原至已操作图片
预览是保存画布图片对象(imagedata),清空画布,绘制保存的图片对象至画布
2.7图片上传
获取(todataurl)canvas图片路径,将获取到的base64图片转化为file对象。进行上传。
3.完整代码如下:
<template> <div class="canvas-clip" :loading="loading"> <div v-show="isdrop" class="canvas-mainbox" ref="canvas-mainbox" id="canvas-mainbox" @mousedown.stop="startmove($event)" > <div class="canvas-minbox left-up" @mousedown.stop="startresize($event,0)"></div> <div class="canvas-minbox up" @mousedown.stop="startresize($event,1)"></div> <div class="canvas-minbox right-up" @mousedown.stop="startresize($event,2)"></div> <div class="canvas-minbox right" @mousedown.stop="startresize($event,3)"></div> <div class="canvas-minbox right-down" @mousedown.stop="startresize($event,4)"></div> <div class="canvas-minbox down" @mousedown.stop="startresize($event,5)"></div> <div class="canvas-minbox left-down" @mousedown.stop="startresize($event,6)"></div> <div class="canvas-minbox left" @mousedown.stop="startresize($event,7)"></div> </div> <!-- 画布 --> <canvas class="canvas-area" ref="canvas" id="canvas" :width="canvaswidth" :height="canvasheight" @mousedown.stop="startmove($event)" :class="{hoverpaint:isma,hoverclear:ismaclear}" ></canvas> <!-- 备份画布 --> <canvas class="canvas-copy" ref="canvascopy" :width="canvaswidth" :height="canvasheight"></canvas> <div class="canvas-btns"> <button v-if="backbtn" @click="clipback">返回</button> <button :class="{active:btnindex==0}" @click="sourceimg">原图</button> <button :class="{active:btnindex==1}" @click="paintrectready" :disabled="isdisabled">马赛克</button> <button :class="{active:btnindex==2}" @click="paintrectclearready" :disabled="isdisabled">橡皮擦</button> <button :class="{active:btnindex==3}" @click="clipready" :disabled="isdisabled">裁剪</button> <button :class="{active:btnindex==4}" @click="clipposition">预览</button> <button @click="getsignature">上传</button> <button class="close" @click="canvasclose()">x</button> <!-- <div class="paint-size" v-if="ismaclear || isma"> <span>画笔大小</span> <input :defaultvalue="masize" v-model="masize" max="100" min="1" type="range"> <span class="size-num">{{masize}}</span> </div> --> </div> </div> </template> <script> import axios from "axios"; import md5 from "js-md5"; import req from "../../axios/config"; export default { props: ["imgurl"], data() { return { resizefx: "", moveprev: "", canvaswidth: 800, // 画布宽 canvasheight: 600, // 画布高 loading: false, isdrop: false, // 裁剪 isma: false, // 马赛克 masize: 30, // 马赛克大小 ismaclear: false, // 清除马赛克 backbtn: false, // 返回按钮 isdisabled: false,//禁用按钮 btnindex: 0,//当前按钮 mousex:'',// 鼠标位置 mousey:'', clipele: "", // 裁剪框元素 canvasdatasession: "", // 预览前的画布信息 canvas: "", // 画布 ctx: "", // 画布上下文 canvascopy: "", // copy画布 ctxcopy: "", // copy画布上下文 uploadoption: { // 图片上传参数 path: "", policy: "", signature: "", username: "" } }; }, mounted() { this.clipele = this.$refs["canvas-mainbox"]; this.canvas = this.$refs["canvas"]; this.ctx = this.canvas.getcontext("2d"); this.canvascopy = this.$refs["canvascopy"]; this.ctxcopy = this.canvascopy.getcontext("2d"); this.draw(); }, methods: { // 创建图片 draw() { var img = new image(); img.setattribute('crossorigin', 'anonymous'); img.onload = () => { this.ctx.drawimage(img, 0, 0, 800, 600); this.ctxcopy.drawimage(img, 0, 0, 800, 600); }; img.src = this.imgurl + '?time=' + new date().valueof(); }, //预览 计算裁剪框的位置(左上坐标) clipposition() { this.isdisabled = true; this.backbtn = true; this.isma = false; this.ismaclear = false; this.btnindex = 4; //画布位置 var canvaspx = this.canvas.offsetleft, canvaspy = this.canvas.offsettop; if (this.isdrop) { // 裁剪框位置 var clippx = this.clipele.offsetleft, clippy = this.clipele.offsettop, x = clippx - canvaspx, y = clippy - canvaspy, w = this.clipele.offsetwidth, h = this.clipele.offsetheight, // 预览图居中 positionx = 400 - this.clipele.offsetwidth / 2, positiony = 300 - this.clipele.offsetheight / 2; } else { // 没有裁剪框,保存完整图片 var x = 0, y = 0, w = this.canvas.offsetwidth, h = this.canvas.offsetheight, // 预览图居中 positionx = 0, positiony = 0; } var imagedata = this.ctx.getimagedata(x, y, w, h); this.canvasdatasession = this.ctx.getimagedata( 0, 0, this.canvaswidth, this.canvasheight ); this.ctx.clearrect(0, 0, this.canvaswidth, this.canvasheight); this.ctx.putimagedata(imagedata, positionx, positiony); this.clipele.style.display = "none"; this.canvascopy.style.display = "none"; }, // 返回预览前状态 clipback() { this.btnindex = -1; this.backbtn = false; this.isdisabled = false; this.isdrop = false; this.ctx.putimagedata(this.canvasdatasession, 0, 0); this.canvascopy.style.display = "block"; }, // 原图 sourceimg() { this.isdisabled = false; this.btnindex = 0; this.backbtn = false; this.isma = false; this.isdrop = false; this.ismaclear = false; var img = new image(); this.ctx.clearrect(0, 0, this.canvaswidth, this.canvasheight); img.setattribute('crossorigin', 'anonymous'); img.onload = () => { this.ctx.drawimage(img, 0, 0, this.canvaswidth, this.canvasheight); }; img.src = this.imgurl + '?time=' + new date().valueof(); this.canvascopy.style.display = "block"; }, // 获取签名 getsignature() { // canvas图片base64 转 file 对象 var dataurl = this.canvas.todataurl("image/jpg"), arr = dataurl.split(","), mime = arr[0].match(/:(.*?);/)[1], bstr = atob(arr[1]), n = bstr.length, u8arr = new uint8array(n); while (n--) { u8arr[n] = bstr.charcodeat(n); } var obj = new blob([u8arr], { type: mime }), time = new date().togmtstring(), formdata = new formdata(); formdata.append("file", obj); // 获取文件后缀 var suffix = formdata.get("file").type.split("/")[1]; req .get("/carsource-api/upyun/sign", { suffix: suffix }) .then(response => { if (response.data.code === 0) { this.uploadoption.path = response.data.data.path; formdata.append("policy", response.data.data.policy); formdata.append("authorization", response.data.data.signature); this.updateimg(formdata); } }) .catch(function(error) {}); }, // 上传 updateimg(formdata) { axios({ url: "http://v0.api.upyun.com/tmp-img", method: "post", data: formdata }).then(response => { if (response.data.code == 200) { this.$message.success("图片修改成功"); this.canvasclose("upload", response.data.url.slice(4)); } }); }, // 裁剪框缩放 移动 startresize(e, n) { this.resizefx = n; $(document).mousemove(this.resizediv); document.addeventlistener("mouseup", this.stopresize); }, stopresize(e) { $(document).off("mousemove", this.resizediv); document.removeeventlistener("mouseup", this.stopresize); }, startmove(e) { this.moveprev = [e.pagex, e.pagey]; $(document).mousemove(this.movediv); document.addeventlistener("mouseup", this.stopmove); }, stopmove(e) { $(document).off("mousemove", this.movediv); document.removeeventlistener("mouseup", this.stopmove); }, movediv(e) { // 马赛克 if (this.isma) { this.paintrect(e); } // 清除马赛克 if (this.ismaclear) { this.paintrectclear(e); } // 裁剪 if (this.isdrop) { var targetdiv = $("#canvas-mainbox"), offsetarr = targetdiv.offset(); var chax = e.pagex - this.moveprev[0], chay = e.pagey - this.moveprev[1], ox = parsefloat(targetdiv.css("left")), oy = parsefloat(targetdiv.css("top")); targetdiv.css({ left: ox + chax + "px", top: oy + chay + "px" }); this.moveprev = [e.pagex, e.pagey]; } }, resizediv(e) { e.preventdefault(); e.stoppropagation(); // 获取需要改变尺寸元素到页面的距离 var targetdiv = $("#canvas-mainbox"), offsetarr = targetdiv.offset(); var eleswidth = targetdiv.width(), elesheight = targetdiv.height(), ox = parsefloat(targetdiv.css("left")), oy = parsefloat(targetdiv.css("top")); // 获取鼠标位置,和元素初始offset进行对比, var chax = e.pagex - offsetarr.left, chay = e.pagey - offsetarr.top; switch (this.resizefx) { case 0: //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变 if (chax >= eleswidth - 10 || chay >= elesheight - 10) { return; } // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置 // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e) targetdiv.css({ width: eleswidth + chax * -1 + "px", height: elesheight + chay * -1 + "px", left: ox + chax + "px", top: oy + chay + "px" }); break; case 1: //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变 if (chay >= elesheight - 10) { return; } // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置 // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e) targetdiv.css({ height: elesheight + chay * -1 + "px", top: oy + chay + "px" }); break; case 2: //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变 if (chax <= 10 || chay >= elesheight - 10) { return; } // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,设置位置 // 原始高+((m-e)*-1),原始宽+((m-e)),原始位置+(m-e) targetdiv.css({ width: chax + "px", height: elesheight + chay * -1 + "px", top: oy + chay + "px" }); break; case 3: //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变 if (chax <= 10) { return; } // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置 // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e) targetdiv.css({ width: chax + "px" }); break; case 4: //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变 if (chax <= 10 || chay <= 10) { return; } // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置 // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e) targetdiv.css({ width: chax + "px", height: chay + "px" }); break; case 5: //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变 if (chay <= 10) { return; } // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置 // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e) targetdiv.css({ height: chay + "px" }); break; case 6: //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变 if (chax >= eleswidth - 10 || chay <= 10) { return; } // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置 // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e) targetdiv.css({ width: eleswidth + chax * -1 + "px", height: chay + "px", left: ox + chax + "px" }); break; case 7: //如果移动距离接近宽度或高度,则不进行改变 if (chax >= eleswidth - 10) { return; } // 获得位置差(m-e),先设置宽度和高度,再设置位置 // 原始宽高+((m-e)*-1),原始位置+(m-e) targetdiv.css({ width: eleswidth + chax * -1 + "px", left: ox + chax + "px" }); break; default: break; } }, // 裁剪 clipready() { this.btnindex = 3; this.isma = false; this.isdrop = true; this.ismaclear = false; }, // 马赛克 paintrectready() { this.btnindex = 1; this.isma = true; this.isdrop = false; this.ismaclear = false; }, // 橡皮擦 paintrectclearready() { this.btnindex = 2; this.isma = false; this.isdrop = false; this.ismaclear = true; }, // 绘制马赛克 paintrect(e) { var offt = this.canvas.offsettop, // 距离上边距离 offl = this.canvas.offsetleft, // 距离左边距离 x = e.clientx, y = e.clienty; if(this.mousex - x > this.masize/2 || x - this.mousex > this.masize/2 || this.mousey - y > this.masize/2 || y - this.mousey > this.masize/2){ var oimg = this.ctx.getimagedata(x - offl ,y - offt,this.masize,this.masize); var w = oimg.width; var h = oimg.height; //马赛克的程度,数字越大越模糊 var num = 6; //等分画布 var stepw = w/num; var steph = h/num; //这里是循环画布的像素点 for(var i=0;i<steph;i++){ for(var j=0;j<stepw;j++){ //获取一个小方格的随机颜色,这是小方格的随机位置获取的 var color = this.getxy(oimg,j*num+math.floor(math.random()*num),i*num+math.floor(math.random()*num)); //这里是循环小方格的像素点, for(var k=0;k<num;k++){ for(var l=0;l<num;l++){ //设置小方格的颜色 this.setxy(oimg,j*num+l,i*num+k,color); } } } } this.ctx.putimagedata(oimg,x - offl ,y - offt); this.mousex = e.clientx this.mousey = e.clienty } }, getxy(obj,x,y){ var w = obj.width; var h = obj.height; var d = obj.data; var color = []; color[0] = d[4*(y*w+x)]; color[1] = d[4*(y*w+x)+1]; color[2] = d[4*(y*w+x)+2]; color[3] = d[4*(y*w+x)+3]; return color; }, setxy(obj,x,y,color){ var w = obj.width; var h = obj.height; var d = obj.data; d[4*(y*w+x)] = color[0]; d[4*(y*w+x)+1] = color[1]; d[4*(y*w+x)+2] = color[2]; d[4*(y*w+x)+3] = color[3]; }, // 清除马赛克 paintrectclear(e) { var offt = this.canvascopy.offsettop, // 距离上边距离 offl = this.canvascopy.offsetleft, // 距离左边距离 x = e.clientx, y = e.clienty, // 获取原图此位置图像数据 imagedata = this.ctxcopy.getimagedata( x - offl, y - offt, this.masize, this.masize ); this.ctx.putimagedata(imagedata, x - offl, y - offt); }, // 关闭画布 canvasclose(type, url) { this.$emit("isshowimgchange", type, url); } } }; </script> <style scoped> .canvas-clip { position: fixed; top: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; z-index: 9010; background: #000; } .canvas-mainbox { position: absolute; width: 400px; height: 300px; left: 50%; top: 50%; margin-left: -200px; margin-top: -150px; border: 1px solid #fff; cursor: move; z-index: 9009; } .canvas-minbox { position: absolute; width: 8px; height: 8px; background: #fff; } .left-up { top: -4px; left: -4px; cursor: nw-resize; } .up { top: -4px; left: 50%; margin-left: -4px; cursor: n-resize; } .right-up { top: -4px; right: -4px; cursor: ne-resize; } .right { top: 50%; margin-top: -4px; right: -4px; cursor: e-resize; } .right-down { bottom: -4px; right: -4px; cursor: se-resize; } .down { bottom: -4px; left: 50%; margin-left: -4px; cursor: s-resize; } .left-down { bottom: -4px; left: -4px; cursor: sw-resize; } .left { top: 50%; margin-top: -4px; left: -4px; cursor: w-resize; } .canvas-btns { position: fixed; right: 50px; top: 30px; z-index: 9003; } .canvas-btns button { display: inline-blovk; background: green; cursor: pointer; border: none; width: 60px; height: 30px; line-height: 30px; color: #fff; font-size: 15px; } .canvas-btns button.active { background: rgb(32, 230, 32); } .canvas-btns button.close { background: rgb(230, 72, 32); } .canvas-copy { position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 50%; margin-top: -300px; margin-left: -400px; z-index: 9007; } .canvas-mosatic { position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 50%; margin-top: -300px; margin-left: -400px; z-index: 9009; } .canvas-area { position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 50%; margin-top: -300px; margin-left: -400px; z-index: 9008; } .paint-size{ margin-top: 20px; font-size: 13px; color: #fff; height: 30px; line-height: 30px; text-align: right; } .paint-size input{ vertical-align: middle; background: green; } .paint-size .size-num{ display: inline-block; width: 15px; } .hoverclear{ cursor: url('./paint.png'),auto; } .hoverpaint{ cursor: url('./paint.png'),auto; } </style>
4.效果图如下:
总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的基于html5 canvas实现裁剪图片和马赛克功能及又拍云上传图片 功能 ,希望对大家有所帮助