Redis配置与使用入门

一 SpringMVC整合Redis

1.1 依赖

<!--redis-->
<dependency>
	<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
	<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
	<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId>
	<version>1.5.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!--redis序列化-->
<dependency>
	<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
	<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
	<version>2.8.2</version>
	</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
	<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
	<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
	<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
	<version>2.8.2</version>
</dependency>

1.2 redis-config.xml

<beans     xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
           xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
               ">


    <bean id="poolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">
        <property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.maxIdle}" />
        <property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.testOnBorrow}" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory"
          p:host-name="${redis.host}"
          p:port="${redis.port}"
          p:password="${redis.password}"
          p:pool-config-ref="poolConfig"/>

    <bean id="redisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate">
        <property name="connectionFactory"   ref="connectionFactory" />
    </bean>

</beans>

如果提示找不到${redis.host}，则在xml文件中加入以下配置

<!-- scanner config properties  -->
<context:property-placeholder location="redis.properties" />

注意：如果已经加载其它properties，则不会扫描redis.properties。请把redis的相关配置移到那个properties中

1.3 redis.peoperties

redis.host = 127.0.0.1
redis.port = 6379
redis.password = redis123456

redis.maxIdle = 300
redis.testOnBorrow = true

1.4 引入配置

在application-context.xml文件中引入redis-config.xml

<!-- 引入同文件夹下的redis属性配置文件 -->
<import resource="redis-config.xml"/>

<!-- 引入属性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config.properties" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.nriat.config"/>
	
<!-- 自动扫描(自动注入) -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.nriat.personnel.service.**" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.nriat.personnel.security.service" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.nriat.personnel.ecommerce.service" />	
<context:component-scan base-package="com.nriat.personnel.news.service" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.nriat.redis" />

二 SpringBoot整合Redis

2.1 依赖

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.2 配置

# Redis数据库索引（默认为0）
spring.redis.database=1
# Redis服务器地址
spring.redis.host=192.168.0.91
# Redis服务器连接端口
spring.redis.port=6379
# Redis服务器连接密码（默认为空）
spring.redis.password=
# 连接池最大连接数（使用负值表示没有限制）
spring.redis.pool.max-active=200
# 连接池最大阻塞等待时间（使用负值表示没有限制）
spring.redis.pool.max-wait=-1
# 连接池中的最大空闲连接
spring.redis.pool.max-idle=10
# 连接池中的最小空闲连接
spring.redis.pool.min-idle=0
# 连接超时时间（毫秒）
spring.redis.timeout=1000

三 redis使用

3.1 redis序列化

@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
    /**
     * redis序列化配置
     * @param connectionFactory  jedis连接工厂
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(JedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        RedisTemplate redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate();
        redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        // 使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerialize 替换默认序列化
        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        objectMapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
        objectMapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
        jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(objectMapper);
        // 设置value的序列化规则和 key的序列化规则
        redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
        redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
        redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
        redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(redisTemplate.getKeySerializer());
        redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();
        return redisTemplate;
    }
}

3.2 redis工具类

@Component
public class RedisUtil {

    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;

    // =============================common============================

    /**
     * 指定缓存失效时间
     * @param key 键
     * @param time 时间(秒)
     * @return
     */
    public void expire(String key, long time) {
        try {
            if (time > 0) {
                redisTemplate.expire(key, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RedisException("key:"+key+"设置过期时间失败");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 根据key 获取过期时间
     * @param key 键 不能为null
     * @return 时间(秒) 返回0代表为永久有效,返回1代表key无效
     */
    public long getExpire(String key) {
        return hasKey(key)?-1L:redisTemplate.getExpire(key, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    /**
     * 判断key是否存在
     * @param key 键
     * @return true 存在 false不存在
     */
    public boolean hasKey(String key) {
        return StringUtils.isEmpty(key)?false:redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
    }

    /**
     * 删除缓存
     * @param key 可以传一个值 或多个
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public void del(String... key) {
        try{
            if (key != null && key.length > 0) {
                if (key.length == 1) {
                    redisTemplate.delete(key[0]);
                } else {
                    redisTemplate.delete(CollectionUtils.arrayToList(key));
                }
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RedisException("keys:"+ Arrays.toString(key) +"删除key失败");
        }

    }

    // ============================String=============================
    /**
     * 普通缓存获取
     * @param key 键
     * @return 值
     */
    public Object get(String key) {
        return hasKey(key)?redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key):null;
    }

    /**
     * 普通缓存放入
     * @param key 键
     * @param value 值
     * @return true成功 false失败
     */
    public void set(String key, Object value) {
        try {
            redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RedisException("key:"+ key +"设置key失败"+e.getMessage());
        }

    }

    /**
     * 普通缓存放入并设置时间
     * @param key 键
     * @param value 值
     * @param time 时间(秒) time要大于0 如果time小于等于0 将设置无限期
     * @return true成功 false 失败
     */
    public boolean set(String key, Object value, long time) {
        try {
            if (time > 0) {
                redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            } else {
                set(key, value);
            }
            return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RedisException("key:"+ key +"time:"+time+"设置key,time失败");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 递增 适用场景： 高并发生成订单号，秒杀类的业务逻辑等。。
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param key 要增加几(大于0)
     * @return
     */
    public long incr(String key, long delta) {
        if (delta < 0) {
            throw new RedisException("递增因子必须大于0");
        }
        return redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key, delta);
    }

    /**
     * 递减
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param key 要减少几(小于0)
     * @return
     */
    public long decr(String key, long delta) {
        if (delta < 0) {
            throw new RedisException("递减因子必须大于0");
        }
        return redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key, -delta);
    }
}

3.3 redis异常类

public class RedisException extends RuntimeException{
    public RedisException(String msg) {
        super(msg);
    }
}