如何在pyqt中通过调用SetWindowCompositionAttribute实现Win10亚克力效果
亚克力效果
在我的第一篇博客《如何在pyqt中实现窗口磨砂效果》和第二篇博客《如何在pyqt中实现win10亚克力效果》中,我都是通过调用编译好的dll来实现窗口效果,这种方法要求电脑上必须装有MSVC。Visual Studio装起来确实费时又占C盘空间,所以今天换了一种实现方法——用纯python的方法实现SetWindowCompositionAttribute
这个api的调用。我定义了一个WindowEffect类,里面通过调用SetWindowCompositionAttribute
实现了Aero和亚克力效果,为了方便演示,我在WindowEffect里面还定义了一个用来移动无边框窗口的函数,关于更多无边框窗体的解决方案可以参见我的上一篇博客《如何在pyqt中在实现无边框窗体的同时保留Windows窗口动画效果》,这里面介绍的很详细,不过还是用了一些C++的东西。下面是这次的亚克力效果(老婆太美了(๑¯∀¯๑)):
具体代码
1. 与第二篇博客不同,我在 WindowEffect 的setAcrylicEffect
函数中新增了两个形参—— isEnableShadow
和 animationId
,看名字就知道一个控制亚克力窗口的阴影,另一个控制磨砂动画。在demo中是看不出 animationId
的具体效果的,只有窗口最大化和还原时这个动画过程才会显现出来,具体过程可以参见上一篇博客,里面的动图显示得很清楚,下面是这个类的代码:
# coding:utf-8
from ctypes import POINTER, c_bool, sizeof, windll,pointer,c_int
from ctypes.wintypes import DWORD, HWND, ULONG
from win32 import win32api, win32gui
from win32.lib import win32con
from .c_structures import (ACCENT_POLICY, ACCENT_STATE,
WINDOWCOMPOSITIONATTRIB,
WINDOWCOMPOSITIONATTRIBDATA)
class WindowEffect():
""" 调用windows api实现窗口效果 """
def __init__(self):
# 调用api
self.SetWindowCompositionAttribute = windll.user32.SetWindowCompositionAttribute
self.SetWindowCompositionAttribute.restype = c_bool
self.SetWindowCompositionAttribute.argtypes = [
c_int, POINTER(WINDOWCOMPOSITIONATTRIBDATA)]
# 初始化结构体
self.accentPolicy = ACCENT_POLICY()
self.winCompAttrData = WINDOWCOMPOSITIONATTRIBDATA()
self.winCompAttrData.Attribute = WINDOWCOMPOSITIONATTRIB.WCA_ACCENT_POLICY.value[0]
self.winCompAttrData.SizeOfData = sizeof(self.accentPolicy)
self.winCompAttrData.Data = pointer(self.accentPolicy)
def setAcrylicEffect(self, hWnd: int, gradientColor: str = 'F2F2F230', isEnableShadow: bool = True, animationId: int = 0):
""" 给窗口开启Win10的亚克力效果
Parameters
----------
hWnd : 窗口句柄\n
gradientColor : 十六进制亚克力混合色,对应rgba四个分量\n
isEnableShadow : 控制是否启用窗口阴影\n
animationId : 控制磨砂动画
"""
# 亚克力混合色
gradientColor = gradientColor[6:] + gradientColor[4:6] + \
gradientColor[2:4] + gradientColor[:2]
gradientColor = DWORD(int(gradientColor, base=16))
# 磨砂动画
animationId = DWORD(animationId)
# 窗口阴影
accentFlags = DWORD(0x20 | 0x40 | 0x80 |
0x100) if isEnableShadow else DWORD(0)
self.accentPolicy.AccentState = ACCENT_STATE.ACCENT_ENABLE_ACRYLICBLURBEHIND.value[0]
self.accentPolicy.GradientColor = gradientColor
self.accentPolicy.AccentFlags = accentFlags
self.accentPolicy.AnimationId = animationId
# 开启亚克力
self.SetWindowCompositionAttribute(hWnd, pointer(self.winCompAttrData))
def setAeroEffect(self, hWnd: int):
""" 给窗口开启Aero效果
Parameter
----------
hWnd : 窗口句柄
"""
self.accentPolicy.AccentState = ACCENT_STATE.ACCENT_ENABLE_BLURBEHIND.value[0]
# 开启Aero
self.SetWindowCompositionAttribute(hWnd, pointer(self.winCompAttrData))
def moveWindow(self, hWnd: int):
""" 移动窗口
Parameter
----------
hWnd : 窗口句柄
"""
win32gui.ReleaseCapture()
win32api.SendMessage(hWnd, win32con.WM_SYSCOMMAND,
win32con.SC_MOVE + win32con.HTCAPTION, 0)
这里面还用到了一些结构体,各个结构体的定义如下:
# coding:utf-8
from ctypes import POINTER, Structure
from ctypes.wintypes import DWORD, HWND, ULONG
from enum import Enum
class WINDOWCOMPOSITIONATTRIB(Enum):
WCA_UNDEFINED = 0,
WCA_NCRENDERING_ENABLED = 1,
WCA_NCRENDERING_POLICY = 2,
WCA_TRANSITIONS_FORCEDISABLED = 3,
WCA_ALLOW_NCPAINT = 4,
WCA_CAPTION_BUTTON_BOUNDS = 5,
WCA_NONCLIENT_RTL_LAYOUT = 6,
WCA_FORCE_ICONIC_REPRESENTATION = 7,
WCA_EXTENDED_FRAME_BOUNDS = 8,
WCA_HAS_ICONIC_BITMAP = 9,
WCA_THEME_ATTRIBUTES = 10,
WCA_NCRENDERING_EXILED = 11,
WCA_NCADORNMENTINFO = 12,
WCA_EXCLUDED_FROM_LIVEPREVIEW = 13,
WCA_VIDEO_OVERLAY_ACTIVE = 14,
WCA_FORCE_ACTIVEWINDOW_APPEARANCE = 15,
WCA_DISALLOW_PEEK = 16,
WCA_CLOAK = 17,
WCA_CLOAKED = 18,
WCA_ACCENT_POLICY = 19,
WCA_FREEZE_REPRESENTATION = 20,
WCA_EVER_UNCLOAKED = 21,
WCA_VISUAL_OWNER = 22,
WCA_LAST = 23
class ACCENT_STATE(Enum):
""" 客户区状态枚举类 """
ACCENT_DISABLED = 0,
ACCENT_ENABLE_GRADIENT = 1,
ACCENT_ENABLE_TRANSPARENTGRADIENT = 2,
ACCENT_ENABLE_BLURBEHIND = 3, # Aero效果
ACCENT_ENABLE_ACRYLICBLURBEHIND = 4, # 亚克力效果
ACCENT_INVALID_STATE = 5
class ACCENT_POLICY(Structure):
""" 设置客户区的具体属性 """
_fields_ = [
('AccentState', DWORD),
('AccentFlags', DWORD),
('GradientColor', DWORD),
('AnimationId', DWORD),
]
class WINDOWCOMPOSITIONATTRIBDATA(Structure):
_fields_ = [
('Attribute', DWORD),
('Data', POINTER(ACCENT_POLICY)), # POINTER()接收任何ctypes类型,并返回一个指针类型
('SizeOfData', ULONG),
]
2. 下面是这次用到的demo文件:
# coding:utf-8
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget
from my_window_effect import WindowEffect
class Demo(QWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super().__init__(parent)
self.windowEffect = WindowEffect()
self.resize(500, 500)
self.setWindowFlags(Qt.FramelessWindowHint)
self.setAttribute(Qt.WA_NoSystemBackground)
self.windowEffect.setAcrylicEffect(int(self.winId()))
def mousePressEvent(self, QMouseEvent):
""" 移动窗口 """
self.windowEffect.moveWindow(self.winId())
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
demo = Demo()
demo.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
写在最后
文中用到的文件我都放在了百度网盘(提取码:m1jr)中,可以自取,喜欢的话就点个赞吧~~
本文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/zhiyiYo/article/details/107891876